今天小编给大家分享一下WPF自定义控件如何实现的相关知识点，内容详细，逻辑清晰，相信大部分人都还太了解这方面的知识，所以分享这篇文章给大家参考一下，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后有所收获，下面我们一起来了解一下吧。
方式一：基于现有控件进行扩展，如基于button进行扩展，UI可直接用xmal进行编辑设计，逻辑用xaml.cs进行编辑
方法二：直接创建wpf自定义控件
本文用方法二开展自定义控件！！！
自定义控件的内容在代码cs文件中，自定义控件继承自Control，ui界面可在Genric.xaml中定义。
在Generic.xaml中定义控件界面
<Style TargetType="{x:Type ctrl:DevButton}"> <Setter Property="Template"> <Setter.Value> <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type ctrl:DevButton}"> <Border Background="{TemplateBinding Background}" BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}"> <Grid> <Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <ColumnDefinition Width="0.1*" MaxWidth="5"/> <ColumnDefinition/> </Grid.ColumnDefinitions> //自定义控件中的组成 ，需要定义x:name,后台代码需要用到，button中的DevName是后台cs中定义的依赖属性 <Rectangle Margin="1" x:Name="statusLed"/> <Button Grid.Column="1" x:Name="devBtn" Content="{TemplateBinding DevName}"/> </Grid> </Border> </ControlTemplate> </Setter.Value> </Setter> </Style>上述界面中定义了两个控件，组成本自定义控件的外观显示。一个rectangle，用颜色对状态进行显示，一个button，是本自定义控件的主要内容，需要显示设备名称，Click事件/Command需要触发任务。
后台处理
1 定义自定义属性DevName
public string DevName { get { return (string)GetValue(DevNameProperty); } set { SetValue(DevNameProperty, value); } } public static readonly DependencyProperty DevNameProperty = DependencyProperty.Register("DevName", typeof(string), typeof(DevButton), new FrameworkPropertyMetadata("", new PropertyChangedCallback(OnDevNameChanged))); private static void OnDevNameChanged(DependencyObject sender, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e) { DevButton ctrl =sender as DevButton; ctrl.DevName = e.NewValue.ToString(); }2 定义与前端界面UI元素对应的信息
private Rectangle statusLed; private Button devBtn; public override void OnApplyTemplate() { //备用方法 Template.FindName(DownButtonKey, this) as Button; statusLed = GetTemplateChild("statusLed") as Rectangle; devBtn = GetTemplateChild("devBtn") as Button; devBtn.Click += DevBtn_Click; base.OnApplyTemplate(); }依据控件名称查找模板中的控件，并注册button的click事件
3 定义事件
private void DevBtn_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { MessageBox.Show(DevName); }自定义控件主要就是上述几步。总体代码如下：
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Globalization;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using System.Windows;using System.Windows.Controls;using System.Windows.Data;using System.Windows.Documents;using System.Windows.Input;using System.Windows.Media;using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;using System.Windows.Navigation;using System.Windows.Shapes; namespace WpfApp2{ /// <summary> /// Author:yut 2022-12-21 /// Function:自定义控件，用于设备的启停控制，同时显示设备的运行状态 /// <summary> public class DevButton : Control { public DevButton() { SetCurrentValue(WidthProperty, 100d); SetCurrentValue(HeightProperty, 25d); SetCurrentValue(BackgroundProperty, Brushes.Yellow); } static DevButton() { DefaultStyleKeyProperty.OverrideMetadata(typeof(DevButton), new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(typeof(DevButton))); } private Rectangle statusLed; private Button devBtn; public override void OnApplyTemplate() { statusLed = GetTemplateChild("statusLed") as Rectangle; devBtn = GetTemplateChild("devBtn") as Button; devBtn.Click += DevBtn_Click; base.OnApplyTemplate(); } #region 自定义属性 public int DevId { get { return (int)GetValue(DevIdProperty); } set { SetValue(DevIdProperty, value); } } public static readonly DependencyProperty DevIdProperty = DependencyProperty.Register("DevId", typeof(int), typeof(DevButton), new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(-1,new PropertyChangedCallback(OnDevIdChanged))); private static void OnDevIdChanged(DependencyObject sender, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e) { DevButton ctrl = (DevButton)sender; ctrl.DevId = (int)e.NewValue; } public string DevName { get { return (string)GetValue(DevNameProperty); } set { SetValue(DevNameProperty, value); } } public static readonly DependencyProperty DevNameProperty = DependencyProperty.Register("DevName", typeof(string), typeof(DevButton), new FrameworkPropertyMetadata("", new PropertyChangedCallback(OnDevNameChanged))); private static void OnDevNameChanged(DependencyObject sender, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e) { DevButton ctrl =sender as DevButton; ctrl.DevName = e.NewValue.ToString(); } public int DevStatus { get { return (int)GetValue(DevStatusProperty); } set { SetValue(DevStatusProperty, value); } } public static readonly DependencyProperty DevStatusProperty = DependencyProperty.Register("DevStatus", typeof(int), typeof(DevButton), new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(-1,new PropertyChangedCallback(OnDevStatusChanged))); private static void OnDevStatusChanged(DependencyObject sender, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e) { DevButton ctrl = (DevButton)sender; ctrl.DevStatus = (int)e.NewValue; ctrl.StatusBrush=(ctrl.DevStatus>0)?Brushes.Green:Brushes.LightGray; } public Brush StatusBrush { get { return (Brush)GetValue(StatusBrushProperty); } set { SetValue(StatusBrushProperty, value); } } public static readonly DependencyProperty StatusBrushProperty = DependencyProperty.Register("StatusBrush", typeof(Brush), typeof(DevButton), new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(Brushes.LightGray)); #endregion private void DevBtn_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { MessageBox.Show(DevName); } }}<ResourceDictionary xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:ctrl="clr-namespace:WpfApp2"> <Style TargetType="{x:Type ctrl:DevButton}"> <Setter Property="Template"> <Setter.Value> <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type ctrl:DevButton}"> <Border Background="{TemplateBinding Background}" BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}"> <Grid> <Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <ColumnDefinition Width="0.1*" MaxWidth="5"/> <ColumnDefinition/> </Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <!--Fill="{TemplateBinding DevStatus, Converter={StaticResource IntToBrushes}}"--> <Rectangle Margin="1" x:Name="statusLed" Fill="{TemplateBinding StatusBrush}"/> <Button Grid.Column="1" x:Name="devBtn" Content="{TemplateBinding DevName}"/> </Grid> </Border> </ControlTemplate> </Setter.Value> </Setter> </Style></ResourceDictionary><Window x:Class="WpfApp2.MainWindow" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfApp2" mc:Ignorable="d" Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800"> <Grid> <StackPanel> <TextBlock Text="******************"/> <local:DevButton DevName="电机" DevStatus="2"/> <TextBlock Text="******************"/> </StackPanel> </Grid></Window>运行效果如下：
以上就是“WPF自定义控件如何实现”这篇文章的所有内容，感谢各位的阅读！相信大家阅读完这篇文章都有很大的收获，小编每天都会为大家更新不同的知识，如果还想学习更多的知识，请关注编程网行业资讯频道。
