在工作中,我们用到分布式缓存的时候,第一选择就是Redis,今天介绍一下SpringBoot如何集成Redis的,分别使用Jedis和Spring-data-redis两种方式。
一、使用Jedis方式集成
1、增加依赖
<!-- spring-boot-starter-web不是必须的,这里是为了测试-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
<artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<!-- fastjson不是必须的,这里是为了测试-->
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.73</version>
</dependency>
2、配置项
redis.host=localhost
redis.maxTotal=5
redis.maxIdle=5
redis.testOnBorrow=true
#以下方式也可以,SpringBoot同样能将其解析注入到JedisPoolConfig中
#redis.max-total=3
#redis.max-idle=3
#redis.test-on-borrow=true
3、配置连接池
@Configuration
public class CommonConfig {
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties("redis")
public JedisPoolConfig jedisPoolConfig() {
return new JedisPoolConfig();
}
@Bean(destroyMethod = "close")
public JedisPool jedisPool(@Value("${redis.host}") String host) {
return new JedisPool(jedisPoolConfig(), host);
}
}
4、测试
@RestController
public class JedisController {
@Autowired
private JedisPool jedisPool;
@RequestMapping("getUser")
public String getUserFromRedis(){
UserInfo userInfo = new UserInfo();
userInfo.setUserId("A0001");
userInfo.setUserName("张三丰");
userInfo.setAddress("武当山");
jedisPool.getResource().set("userInfo", JSON.toJSONString(userInfo));
UserInfo userInfo1 = JSON.parseObject(jedisPool.getResource().get("userInfo"),UserInfo.class);
return userInfo1.toString();
}
}
运行结果如下:
我们可以自己包装一个RedisClient,来简化我们的操作
使用spring-data-redis
1、引入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
2、配置项
在application.properties中增加配置
spring.redis.host=localhost
spring.redis.port=6379
3、使用
@RestController
public class RedisController {
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
@RequestMapping("getUser2")
public String getUserFromRedis(){
UserInfo userInfo = new UserInfo();
userInfo.setUserId("A0001");
userInfo.setUserName("张三丰");
userInfo.setAddress("武当山");
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("userInfo", userInfo);
UserInfo userInfo1 = (UserInfo) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get("userInfo");
return userInfo1.toString();
}
}
是的,你只需要引入依赖、加入配置就可以使用Redis了,不要高兴的太早,这里面会有一些坑
4、可能会遇到的坑
使用工具查看我们刚才set的内容,发现key前面多了一串字符,value也是不可见的
原因
使用springdataredis,默认情况下是使用org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.JdkSerializationRedisSerializer这个类来做序列化
具体我们看一下RedisTemplate 代码如何实现的
public void afterPropertiesSet() {
super.afterPropertiesSet();
boolean defaultUsed = false;
if (this.defaultSerializer == null) {
this.defaultSerializer = new JdkSerializationRedisSerializer(this.classLoader != null ? this.classLoader : this.getClass().getClassLoader());
}
...省略无关代码
}
如何解决
很简单,自己定义RedisTemplate并指定序列化类即可
@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {
@Bean
public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
RedisTemplate<String, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
template.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
template.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer());
//使用StringRedisSerializer来序列化和反序列化redis的key值
template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
template.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
template.setHashValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer());
template.afterPropertiesSet();
return template;
}
@Bean
public RedisSerializer<Object> jackson2JsonRedisSerializer() {
//使用Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer来序列化和反序列化redis的value值
Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer serializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
mapper.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
mapper.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
serializer.setObjectMapper(mapper);
return serializer;
}
}
@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {
@Bean
public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
RedisTemplate<String, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
template.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
template.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer());
//使用StringRedisSerializer来序列化和反序列化redis的key值
template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
template.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
template.setHashValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer());
template.afterPropertiesSet();
return template;
}
@Bean
public RedisSerializer<Object> jackson2JsonRedisSerializer() {
//使用Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer来序列化和反序列化redis的value值
Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer serializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
mapper.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
mapper.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
serializer.setObjectMapper(mapper);
return serializer;
}
}
查看运行结果:
哨兵和集群
只需要改一下配置项即可
# 哨兵
spring.redis.sentinel.master=mymaster
spring.redis.sentinel.nodes=127.0.0.1:26379,127.0.0.1:26380,127.0.0.1:26381
#集群
spring.redis.cluster.max-redirects=100
spring.redis.cluster.nodes=127.0.0.1:6379,127.0.0.1:6380,127.0.0.1:6381,127.0.0.1:6382,127.0.0.1:6383,127.0.0.1:6384
总结:
以上两种方式都可以,但是还是建议你使用Spring-data-redis,因为Spring经过多年的发展,尤其是Springboot的日渐成熟,已经为我们简化了很多操作。
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