前言：
Python内置对SMTP的支持，可以发送纯文本邮件、HTML邮件以及带附件的邮件。
Python对SMTP支持有smtplib和email两个模块，email负责构造邮件，smtplib负责发送邮件。
一、发送纯文本内容
代码如下：
# 引入相应的模块
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEBase
from email import encoders
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr
class SendMail(object):
def __init__(self):
self.fromUser = "xxxxxx@qq.com"
self.userPasswd = "xxxxxx" # 此处是qq邮箱授权码， 不是登录密码
self.smtpAddr = "smtp.qq.com"
# 构造邮件结构
# toAddrs 收件人可以是多个,["xxx@qq.com","xxx@qq.com"]， subject 邮件的主题， msg 邮件的内容
def mailStructure(self, toAddrs, subject, msg):
# 邮件对象:
mailMsg = MIMEMultipart()
mailMsg['Subject'] = ("Hello <%s>" % subject)
mailMsg['From'] = ("Python管理员 <%s>" % self.fromUser)
mailMsg['To'] = ','.join(toAddrs)
# 邮件正文是MIMEText ：
mailMsg.attach(MIMEText(msg, 'html', 'utf-8'))
return mailMsg.as_string()
# 发送邮件
def sendMail(self, toAddrs, subject, msg):
mailMsg_as_string = self.mailStructure(toAddrs, subject, msg)
# 连接服务器发送邮件
try:
server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(self.smtpAddr, 465)
server.connect(self.smtpAddr) # 连接smtp服务器
server.login(self.fromUser, self.userPasswd) # 登录邮箱
server.sendmail(self.fromUser, toAddrs, mailMsg_as_string) # 发送邮件
server.quit()
except Exception:
print("Error: unable to send email")
a = SendMail()
a.sendMail(["381347268@qq.com", "44934875@qq.com"], "测试主题", "测试内容")效果图：
二、发送附件图片
代码如下：
如果Email中要加上附件怎么办？带附件的邮件可以看做包含若干部分的邮件：文本和各个附件本身，所以，可以构造一个MIMEMultipart对象代表邮件本身，然后往里面加上一个MIMEText作为邮件正文，再继续往里面加上表示附件的MIMEBase对象即可：
其实就是打开图片并引入(加上这段内容)
with open(r"C:\Users\YJ\Desktop\favicon.png", "rb") as f:
# 设置附件的MIME和文件名，这里是png类型:
mime = MIMEBase("image", "png", filename="test.png")
# 加上必要的头信息:
mime.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='test.png')
mime.add_header('Content-ID', '<0>')
mime.add_header('X-Attachment-Id', '0')
# 把附件的内容读进来:
mime.set_payload(f.read())
# 用Base64编码:
encoders.encode_base64(mime)
# 添加到MIMEMultipart:
mailMsg.attach(mime)发送附件图片 （完整代码如下：）
# 引入相应的模块
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEBase
from email import encoders
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr
class SendMail(object):
def __init__(self):
self.fromUser = "xxxxxx@qq.com"
self.userPasswd = "xxxxxx" # 此处是qq邮箱授权码， 不是登录密码
self.smtpAddr = "smtp.qq.com"
# 构造邮件结构
# toAddrs 收件人可以是多个,["xxx@qq.com","xxx@qq.com"]， subject 邮件的主题， msg 邮件的内容
def mailStructure(self, toAddrs, subject, msg):
# 邮件对象:
mailMsg = MIMEMultipart()
mailMsg['Subject'] = ("Hello <%s>" % subject)
mailMsg['From'] = ("Python管理员 <%s>" % self.fromUser)
mailMsg['To'] = ','.join(toAddrs)
# 邮件正文是MIMEText ：
mailMsg.attach(MIMEText(msg, 'html', 'utf-8'))
# 发送图片附件， 需要用到附件对象MIMEBase对象， 需要引入from email.mime.multipart import MIMEBase
# 添加附件就是加上一个MIMEBase，从本地读取一个图片:
with open(r"C:\Users\YJ\Desktop\favicon.png", "rb") as f:
# 设置附件的MIME和文件名，这里是png类型:
mime = MIMEBase("image", "png", filename="test.png")
# 加上必要的头信息:
mime.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='test.png')
mime.add_header('Content-ID', '<0>')
mime.add_header('X-Attachment-Id', '0')
# 把附件的内容读进来:
mime.set_payload(f.read())
# 用Base64编码:
encoders.encode_base64(mime)
# 添加到MIMEMultipart:
mailMsg.attach(mime)
return mailMsg.as_string()
# 发送邮件
def sendMail(self, toAddrs, subject, msg):
mailMsg_as_string = self.mailStructure(toAddrs, subject, msg)
# 连接服务器发送邮件
try:
server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(self.smtpAddr, 465)
server.connect(self.smtpAddr) # 连接smtp服务器
server.login(self.fromUser, self.userPasswd) # 登录邮箱
server.sendmail(self.fromUser, toAddrs, mailMsg_as_string) # 发送邮件
server.quit()
except Exception:
print("Error: unable to send email")
a = SendMail()
a.sendMail(["381347268@qq.com", "44934875@qq.com"], "测试主题", "测试内容")效果图：
如果要把一个图片嵌入到邮件正文中怎么做？直接在HTML邮件中链接图片地址行不行？答案是，大部分邮件服务商都会自动屏蔽带有外链的图片，因为不知道这些链接是否指向恶意网站。
要把图片嵌入到邮件正文中，我们只需按照发送附件的方式，先把邮件作为附件添加进去，然后，在HTML中通过引用src="cid:0"就可以把附件作为图片嵌入了。如果有多个图片，给它们依次编号，然后引用不同的cid:x即可。
其实就是将MIMEText 格式改变一下：
mailMsg.attach(MIMEText('<html><body><h1>%s</h1>' % (msg) + '<p><img src="cid:0"></p>' + '</body></html>', 'html','utf-8'))将附件图片包含在邮件内容中（完整代码如下：）
# 引入相应的模块
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEBase
from email import encoders
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr
class SendMail(object):
def __init__(self):
self.fromUser = "xxxxxx@qq.com"
self.userPasswd = "xxxxxx" # 此处是qq邮箱授权码， 不是登录密码
self.smtpAddr = "smtp.qq.com"
# 构造邮件结构
# toAddrs 收件人可以是多个,["xxx@qq.com","xxx@qq.com"]， subject 邮件的主题， msg 邮件的内容
def mailStructure(self, toAddrs, subject, msg):
# 邮件对象:
mailMsg = MIMEMultipart()
mailMsg['Subject'] = ("Hello <%s>" % subject)
mailMsg['From'] = ("Python管理员 <%s>" % self.fromUser)
mailMsg['To'] = ','.join(toAddrs)
# 邮件正文是MIMEText ：
# 加载图片并引入到邮件内容中来
mailMsg.attach(MIMEText('<html><body><h1>%s</h1>' % (msg) + '<p><img src="cid:0"></p>' + '</body></html>', 'html','utf-8'))
# 发送图片附件， 需要用到附件对象MIMEBase对象， 需要引入from email.mime.multipart import MIMEBase
# 添加附件就是加上一个MIMEBase，从本地读取一个图片:
with open(r"C:\Users\YJ\Desktop\favicon.png", "rb") as f:
# 设置附件的MIME和文件名，这里是png类型:
mime = MIMEBase("image", "png", filename="test.png")
# 加上必要的头信息:
mime.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='test.png')
mime.add_header('Content-ID', '<0>')
mime.add_header('X-Attachment-Id', '0')
# 把附件的内容读进来:
mime.set_payload(f.read())
# 用Base64编码:
encoders.encode_base64(mime)
# 添加到MIMEMultipart:
mailMsg.attach(mime)
return mailMsg.as_string()
# 发送邮件
def sendMail(self, toAddrs, subject, msg):
mailMsg_as_string = self.mailStructure(toAddrs, subject, msg)
# 连接服务器发送邮件
try:
server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(self.smtpAddr, 465)
server.connect(self.smtpAddr) # 连接smtp服务器
server.login(self.fromUser, self.userPasswd) # 登录邮箱
server.sendmail(self.fromUser, toAddrs, mailMsg_as_string) # 发送邮件
server.quit()
except Exception:
print("Error: unable to send email")
a = SendMail()
a.sendMail(["381347268@qq.com", "44934875@qq.com"], "测试主题", "测试内容")效果图：
三、发送纯文本附件
代码如下：
# 引入相应的模块
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEBase
from email import encoders
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr
class SendMail(object):
def __init__(self):
self.fromUser = "xxxxxx@qq.com"
self.userPasswd = "xxxxxx" # 此处是qq邮箱授权码， 不是登录密码
self.smtpAddr = "smtp.qq.com"
# 构造邮件结构
# toAddrs 收件人可以是多个,["xxx@qq.com","xxx@qq.com"]， subject 邮件的主题， msg 邮件的内容
def mailStructure(self, toAddrs, subject, msg):
# 邮件对象:
mailMsg = MIMEMultipart()
mailMsg['Subject'] = ("Hello <%s>" % subject)
mailMsg['From'] = ("Python管理员 <%s>" % self.fromUser)
mailMsg['To'] = ','.join(toAddrs)
# 邮件正文是MIMEText ：
mailMsg.attach(MIMEText(msg, 'html', 'utf-8'))
# 发送文件附件， 需要用到附件对象MIMEBase对象， 需要引入from email.mime.multipart import MIMEBase
# 添加附件就是加上一个MIMEBase，从本地读取一个文件:
with open(r"C:\Users\YJ\Desktop\aaa.txt", "rb") as f:
# 设置附件的MIME和文件名，这里是png类型:
mime = MIMEBase("txta", "txt", filename="test.txt")
# 加上必要的头信息:
mime.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='test.txt')
mime.add_header('Content-ID', '<0>')
mime.add_header('X-Attachment-Id', '0')
# 把附件的内容读进来:
mime.set_payload(f.read())
# 用Base64编码:
encoders.encode_base64(mime)
# 添加到MIMEMultipart:
mailMsg.attach(mime)
return mailMsg.as_string()
# 发送邮件
def sendMail(self, toAddrs, subject, msg):
mailMsg_as_string = self.mailStructure(toAddrs, subject, msg)
# 连接服务器发送邮件
try:
server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(self.smtpAddr, 465)
server.connect(self.smtpAddr) # 连接smtp服务器
server.login(self.fromUser, self.userPasswd) # 登录邮箱
server.sendmail(self.fromUser, toAddrs, mailMsg_as_string) # 发送邮件
server.quit()
except Exception:
print("Error: unable to send email")
a = SendMail()
a.sendMail(["381347268@qq.com", "44934875@qq.com"], "测试主题", "测试内容")效果图：
四、发送excel表格附件
代码如下：
#! /usr/bin/env python
# _*_ coding: utf-8 _*_
import smtplib, time
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
class EmailSender(object):
def __init__(self):
self.sender_user = 'ryb.monitor@yottacloud.cn' #发件人邮箱地址
self.sender_password = 'xxxxxxxxxx' #发件人邮箱密码
self.smtp_server_addr = 'smtp.exmail.qq.com' #smtp服务器地址
self.smtp_server_port = 465 #smtp服务器端口
def main_email(self, text, xlsx_path, xlsx_name):
'''
邮件主题，包含邮件正文 + excel 附件
Args:
text：邮件正文内容
xlsx_path: excel文件路径
xlsx_name: excel文件，例如a.xlsx
Returns: 返回要发送的数据，正文和附件
'''
msg =MIMEMultipart()
#添加纯文本，邮件文本内容，字符串格式
text_msg = MIMEText(text, 'html', 'utf-8')
msg.attach(text_msg)
#将xlsx文件作为内容发送到对方的邮箱读取excel，rb形式读取，对于MIMEText()来说默认的编码形式是base64 对于二进制文件来说没有设置base64，会出现乱码
excel_msg = MIMEText(open(xlsx_path, 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')
#设置文件再附件当中的名字
excel_msg.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename=('gbk', '', xlsx_name))
#添加到邮件内容msg中
msg.attach(excel_msg)
return msg
def login_email(self):
server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(self.smtp_server_addr, self.smtp_server_port) #连接smtp服务器
server.connect(self.smtp_server_addr) #连接smtp服务器
result = server.login(self.sender_user, self.sender_password) #登陆邮箱
print("登陆结果: ", result)
return server
def send_email(self, title, to_receiver, msg):
'''
发送邮件
Args:
title: 邮件的主题
to_receiver: 收件人邮箱地址，可以是列表
msg: main_email函数返回的邮件主体
Returns:
'''
server = self.login_email()
msg['Subject'] = title
msg['From'] = self.sender_user
msg['To'] = ','.join(to_receiver)
msg['Accept-Language']='zh-CN'
msg['Accept-Charset']='ISO-8859-1,utf-8'
server.sendmail(self.sender_user, to_receiver, msg.as_string()) #发送邮件
sed_mail = EmailSender()
text = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d') + "数据统计"
msg = sed_mail.main_email(text, r'小程序日报V2.0（试行版）.xlsx', '小程序日报.xlsx')
sed_mail.send_email(title='数据统计', to_receiver=['yanjie.li@yottacloud.cn', '381347268@qq.com'], msg=ms到此这篇关于Python实现各种邮件发送的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Python 发送邮件内容请搜索编程网以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持编程网！
