这篇文章给大家分享的是有关Java怎么实现简易学籍管理系统的内容。小编觉得挺实用的，因此分享给大家做个参考，一起跟随小编过来看看吧。
具体内容如下
我们先来讲讲什么是泛型化编程
package 学生管理系统; import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List; public class TestGeneric { //进行泛型化编程，规定类型。 public List <CourseClass> courses; public TestGeneric() { this.courses = new ArrayList<CourseClass>(); } public void testAdd() { CourseClass cr1 = new CourseClass("1","大学语文"); courses.add(cr1); //泛型集合中不能添加规定意外的对象 //courses.add("能否添加一些奇怪的东西"); CourseClass cr2 = new CourseClass("2","Java基础"); courses.add(cr2); } public void testForEach() { //进行泛型之后，可直接利用它规定的类型及其子类型直接进行访问 for(CourseClass cr:courses) { System.out.println(cr.id+":"+cr.name); } } //泛型集合可以添加泛型的子类型的对象实例 public void testChild() { ChildCourse ccr = new ChildCourse(); ccr.id = "3"; ccr.name = "我是子类的课程实例对象"; courses.add(ccr); } //泛型必须使用包装类型进行创建,例如：int和integer public void testBaic() { List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<Integer>(); list.add(1); System.out.println("基本类型必须使用包装类作为泛型！"+list.get(0)); } public static void main(String[] args) { TestGeneric tg = new TestGeneric(); tg.testAdd(); tg.testForEach(); tg.testChild(); tg.testForEach(); tg.testBaic(); //tg.testForEach(); }}我们开始进行管理系统的创建，创建一个学生类和一个课程类
package 学生管理系统; import java.util.HashSet;import java.util.Set;public class StudentsClass implements Comparable <StudentsClass> { public String id; public String name; public Set<CourseClass> courses; public StudentsClass(String id,String name){ this.id=id; this.name=name; this.courses=new HashSet<CourseClass>(); } @Override public int hashCode() { final int prime = 31; int result = 1; result = prime * result + ((name == null) ? 0 : name.hashCode()); return result; } @Override public boolean equals(Object obj) { if (this == obj) return true; if (obj == null) return false; if (!(obj instanceof StudentsClass)) return false; StudentsClass other = (StudentsClass) obj; if (name == null) { if (other.name != null) return false; } else if (!name.equals(other.name)) return false; return true; } public int compareTo(StudentsClass o) { return this.id.compareTo(o.id); }}package 学生管理系统; public class CourseClass { public String id; public String name; public CourseClass(String id,String name){ this.id=id; this.name=name; } public CourseClass() { } @Override public int hashCode() { final int prime = 31; int result = 1; result = prime * result + ((name == null) ? 0 : name.hashCode()); return result; } @Override public boolean equals(Object obj) { if (this == obj) return true; if (obj == null) return false; if (!(obj instanceof CourseClass)) return false; CourseClass other = (CourseClass) obj; if (name == null) { if (other.name != null) return false; } else if (!name.equals(other.name)) return false; return true; }}利用List进行增加课程，删除课程，修改课程等的操作
package 学生管理系统;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Arrays;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.List; public class ListTest { //创建public List coursesToSelect; //构造器 public ListTest(){ this.coursesToSelect = new ArrayList(); } public void testAdd(){ //加课 CourseClass cr1 = new CourseClass("1","数据结构"); coursesToSelect.add(cr1); CourseClass temp = (CourseClass)coursesToSelect.get(0); System.out.println("添加了课程:"+temp.id+":"+temp.name); CourseClass cr2 = new CourseClass("2","c语言"); coursesToSelect.add(0, cr2); CourseClass temp2 = (CourseClass)coursesToSelect.get(0); System.out.println("添加了课程:"+temp2.id+":"+temp2.name); CourseClass[] Course={new CourseClass("3","离散数学"),new CourseClass("4","汇编语言")}; coursesToSelect.addAll(Arrays.asList(Course)); CourseClass temp3 = (CourseClass)coursesToSelect.get(2); CourseClass temp4 = (CourseClass)coursesToSelect.get(3); System.out.println("添加了两门课程："+temp3.id+":"+temp3.name+";"+temp4.id+":"+temp4.name); CourseClass[] Course1= {new CourseClass("5","高等数学"),new CourseClass("6","大学英语")}; coursesToSelect.addAll(2, Arrays.asList(Course1)); CourseClass temp5 = (CourseClass)coursesToSelect.get(2); CourseClass temp6 = (CourseClass)coursesToSelect.get(3); System.out.println("添加了两门课程："+temp5.id+":"+temp5.name+";"+temp6.id+":"+temp6.name); } public void test() { int size = coursesToSelect.size(); for(int i=0;i<size;i++) { //进行强制类型转化 CourseClass cr = (CourseClass)coursesToSelect.get(i); System.out.println("课程"+i+":"+cr.id+":"+cr.name); } } //迭代器输入方法 public void testIterator() { Iterator it = coursesToSelect.iterator(); System.out.println("可选择的课程（通过迭代器访问）："); while(it.hasNext()) { CourseClass cr = (CourseClass) it.next(); System.out.println("课程"+":"+cr.id+":"+cr.name); } } //利用foreach语句进行遍历 public void testForEach() { System.out.println("可选择的课程（通过FOREACH访问）："); for(Object obj:coursesToSelect) { CourseClass cr = (CourseClass) obj; System.out.println("课程"+":"+cr.id+":"+cr.name); } } //进行修改操作 public void testModify() { coursesToSelect.set(4, new CourseClass("7","毛概")); } //利用对象进行删除操作 public void testRmove1() { System.out.println("通过对象进行删除"); CourseClass cr = (CourseClass) coursesToSelect.get(4); System.out.println("我是课程："+cr.id+":"+cr.name); coursesToSelect.remove(cr); System.out.println("成功删除课程！！"); testForEach(); } //利用索引值进行删除操作 public void testRmove2() {// CourseClass cr = (CourseClass) coursesToSelect.get(4);// System.out.println("我是课程："+cr.id+":"+cr.name); System.out.println("通过索引值进行删除"); coursesToSelect.remove(4); System.out.println("成功删除课程！！"); testForEach(); } //进行删除，删除多位置的方法操作 public void testRmove3() { System.out.println("删除4位置和5位置的课程"); CourseClass [] Course={(CourseClass) coursesToSelect.get(4),(CourseClass) coursesToSelect.get(5)}; //将Course数组转化成一个集合传递进去 coursesToSelect.removeAll(Arrays.asList(Course)); System.out.println("成功删除课程！！"); testForEach(); } public static void main(String[] args) { ListTest it = new ListTest(); it.testAdd(); it.test(); //it.testIterator(); //it.testForEach(); //it.testModify(); //it.testForEach(); //it.testRmove2(); it.testRmove3(); }}利用set集合进行删除，添加，查询操作
package 学生管理系统; import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Arrays;import java.util.List;import java.util.Scanner; public class SetTest { //创建 public List <CourseClass> coursesToSelect; //向屏幕读取 private Scanner console; public StudentsClass student; //进行构造 public SetTest() { coursesToSelect = new ArrayList<CourseClass>(); console = new Scanner(System.in); } public void testAdd(){ //加课 CourseClass cr1 = new CourseClass("1","数据结构"); coursesToSelect.add(cr1); CourseClass temp = (CourseClass)coursesToSelect.get(0); //System.out.println("添加了课程:"+temp.id+":"+temp.name); CourseClass cr2 = new CourseClass("2","c语言"); coursesToSelect.add(0, cr2); CourseClass temp2 = (CourseClass)coursesToSelect.get(0); //System.out.println("添加了课程:"+temp2.id+":"+temp2.name); CourseClass[] Course={new CourseClass("3","离散数学"),new CourseClass("4","汇编语言")}; coursesToSelect.addAll(Arrays.asList(Course)); CourseClass temp3 = (CourseClass)coursesToSelect.get(2); CourseClass temp4 = (CourseClass)coursesToSelect.get(3); //System.out.println("添加了两门课程："+temp3.id+":"+temp3.name+";"+temp4.id+":"+temp4.name); CourseClass[] Course1= {new CourseClass("5","高等数学"),new CourseClass("6","大学英语")}; coursesToSelect.addAll(2, Arrays.asList(Course1)); CourseClass temp5 = (CourseClass)coursesToSelect.get(2); CourseClass temp6 = (CourseClass)coursesToSelect.get(3); //System.out.println("添加了两门课程："+temp5.id+":"+temp5.name+";"+temp6.id+":"+temp6.name); } public void testForEach() { System.out.println("可选择的课程（通过FOREACH访问）："); for(Object obj:coursesToSelect) { CourseClass cr = (CourseClass) obj; System.out.println("课程"+":"+cr.id+":"+cr.name); } } //查询是否包含此课程 public void testListContains() { CourseClass course = coursesToSelect.get(0); System.out.println("取得课程："+course.name); System.out.println("备选课程是否包含课程："+course.name+"," +coursesToSelect.contains(course)); System.out.println("请输入课程名称："); String name = console.next(); CourseClass course2 = new CourseClass(); course2.name = name; System.out.println("新创建课程："+course2.name); System.out.println("备选课程是否包含课程："+course2.name+"," +coursesToSelect.contains(course2)); //indexof来求出索引 if(coursesToSelect.contains(course2)) { System.out.println("课程："+course2.name+"的索引位置为："+ coursesToSelect.indexOf(course2)); } } public void creatStudentAndSelect() { //创建一个学生对象 student = new StudentsClass("1","小明"); System.out.println("欢迎学生："+student.name+"选课！"); //从键盘输入课程 Scanner console = new Scanner(System.in); for(int i = 0;i<3;i++) { System.out.println("请输入课程ID"); String courseId = console.next(); for(CourseClass cr :coursesToSelect) { if(cr.id.equals(courseId)) { student.courses.add(cr); student.courses.add(null); student.courses.add(cr); } } } } //测试Set的contains方法 public void testSetContains() { System.out.println("请输入学生已选的课程名："); String name = console.next(); CourseClass course2 = new CourseClass(); course2.name = name; System.out.println("新创建课程："+course2.name); System.out.println("备选课程是否包含课程："+course2.name+"," +student.courses.contains(course2)); } public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub SetTest st = new SetTest(); st.testAdd(); st.testForEach(); st.testListContains();// st.creatStudentAndSelect();// st.testSetContains(); }}利用Map进行增加，删除，查询，修改操作
package 学生管理系统; import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;import java.util.Map.Entry;import java.util.Scanner;import java.util.Set; public class MapTest { public Map<String,StudentsClass>students; //利用哈希键值对进行创建 public MapTest() { this.students = new HashMap<String,StudentsClass>();} //进行学生的插入操作 public void testPut() { Scanner console = new Scanner (System.in); int i = 0; while(i<3) { System.out.println("请输入学生ID："); String ID = console.next(); StudentsClass st = students.get(ID); if(st == null) { System.out.println("请输入学生姓名："); String name = console.next(); StudentsClass newStudent = new StudentsClass(ID,name); students.put(ID,newStudent); System.out.println("成功添加学生："+students.get(ID).name); i++; }else { System.out.println("该学生ID已经被占用！"); continue; } } } //利用keyset方法将key值放在一个集合中，然后利用key值进行遍历 public void testKeySet() { Set<String>keySet = students.keySet(); //进行遍历 for(String stuID:keySet) { StudentsClass st = students.get(stuID); if(st != null) { System.out.println("学生："+st.name); } } } //进行删除操作 public void testRmove() { Scanner console = new Scanner(System.in); while(true) { System.out.println("请输入要删除的学生ID！"); String ID = console.next(); StudentsClass st = students.get(ID); if(st == null) { System.out.println("该ID不存在！"); continue; } students.remove(ID); System.out.println("成功删除学生："+st.name); break; }} //通过entryset来遍历Map public void testEntrySet() { Set<Entry<String,StudentsClass>>entrySet = students.entrySet(); for(Entry<String,StudentsClass> entry:entrySet) { System.out.println("取得键："+entry.getKey()); System.out.println("对应的值为："+entry.getValue().name); } } //进行修改操作 public void testModify() { System.out.println("请输入要修改的学生ID："); Scanner console = new Scanner(System.in); while(true) { String stuID = console.next(); StudentsClass student = students.get(stuID); if(student == null) { System.out.println("该ID不存在！请重新输入！"); continue; } System.out.println("当前学生ID，所对应的学生为："+student.name); System.out.println("请输入新的学生姓名:"); String name = console.next(); StudentsClass newStudent = new StudentsClass(stuID,name); students.put(stuID,newStudent); System.out.println("修改成功"); } } //通过键值或值进行查询操作 public void testContainsKeyOrValue() { System.out.println("请输入要查询的学生ID："); Scanner console = new Scanner(System.in); String id = console.next(); System.out.println("您输入的学生ID为："+id+"在学生映射表中是否存在："+ students.containsKey(id) ); if(students.containsKey(id)) { System.out.println("对应的学生为："+students.get(id).name); } System.out.println("请输入要查询的学生姓名："); String name = console.next(); if(students.containsValue(new StudentsClass(null,name))) System.out.println("在学生映射表中确实包含学生："+name); else System.out.println("在学生映射表中不存在该学生"); } public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub MapTest mt = new MapTest(); mt.testPut(); mt.testKeySet();// mt.testRmove();// mt.testEntrySet();// mt.testModify();// mt.testEntrySet(); mt.testContainsKeyOrValue(); }}进行重载比较
package 学生管理系统; import java.util.Comparator; public class StudentComparator implements Comparator<StudentsClass> { @Override public int compare(StudentsClass o1, StudentsClass o2) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return o1.name.compareTo(o2.name); } }进行排序操作
package 学生管理系统; import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Collections;import java.util.List;import java.util.Random; public class CollectionTest { //利用Collection内部方法进行排序操作 public void testSort1() { //进行整形排序 List<Integer>intergerList = new ArrayList<Integer>(); Random random = new Random(); Integer k; for(int i = 0;i < 10; i++) { do { k = random.nextInt(100); }while(intergerList.contains(k)); intergerList.add(k); System.out.println("成功添加整数："+k); System.out.println("--------排序前-------"); for(Integer integer:intergerList) { System.out.println("元素："+integer); } Collections.sort(intergerList); System.out.println("--------排序后-------"); for(Integer integer:intergerList) System.out.println("元素："+integer); } } //进行String排序 public void testSort2() { List<String>stringList = new ArrayList<String>(); stringList.add("microsoft"); stringList.add("google"); stringList.add("lenovo"); System.out.println("--------排序前-------"); for(String string : stringList) { System.out.println("元素："+string); } Collections.sort(stringList); System.out.println("--------排序后-------"); for(String string : stringList) { System.out.println("元素："+string); } } //对StudentsClass类进行排序，这里就需要进行equal和hashcode的重载 public void testSort3() { List<StudentsClass>StudentList = new ArrayList<StudentsClass>(); Random random = new Random(); StudentList.add(new StudentsClass(random.nextInt(1000)+"","mike")); StudentList.add(new StudentsClass(random.nextInt(1000)+"","lucy")); StudentList.add(new StudentsClass(random.nextInt(1000)+"","angel")); System.out.println("--------排序前-------"); for(StudentsClass student:StudentList) { System.out.println("学生："+student.id+student.name); } Collections.sort(StudentList); System.out.println("--------排序后-------"); for(StudentsClass student:StudentList) { System.out.println("学生："+student.id+student.name); } Collections.sort(StudentList,new StudentComparator()); System.out.println("----------按照姓名排序----------"); for(StudentsClass student:StudentList) { System.out.println("学生："+student.id+student.name); } } public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub CollectionTest ct = new CollectionTest(); //ct.testSort1(); //ct.testSort2(); ct.testSort3(); } }辅助类。
package 学生管理系统; public class ChildCourse extends CourseClass { }感谢各位的阅读！关于“Java怎么实现简易学籍管理系统”这篇文章就分享到这里了，希望以上内容可以对大家有一定的帮助，让大家可以学到更多知识，如果觉得文章不错，可以把它分享出去让更多的人看到吧！
