如何在 Mac 上愉快地使用 Docker

brew install lima --HEADCopy

brew upgrade qemuCopy

brew install dockerCopy

Lima: Linux virtual machines
Usage:
 limactl [command]
Examples:
 Start the default instance:
 $ limactl start
 Open a shell:
 $ lima
 Run a container:
 $ lima nerdctl run -d --name nginx -p 8080:80 nginx:alpine
 Stop the default instance:
 $ limactl stop
 See also example YAMLs: /opt/homebrew/share/doc/lima/examples
Available Commands:
 completion    Generate the autocompletion script for the specified shell
 copy          Copy files between host and guest
 delete        Delete an instance of Lima.
 edit          Edit an instance of Lima
 factory-reset Factory reset an instance of Lima
 help          Help about any command
 info          Show diagnostic information
 list          List instances of Lima.
 prune         Prune garbage objects
 shell         Execute shell in Lima
 show-ssh      Show the ssh command line
 start         Start an instance of Lima
 stop          Stop an instance
 sudoers       Generate /etc/sudoers.d/lima file for enabling vmnet.framework support
 validate      Validate YAML files
Flags:
     --debug     debug mode
 -h, --help      help for limactl
 -v, --version   version for limactl
Use "limactl [command] --help" for more information about a command.Copy

# 定义每个平台架构需要使用的启动镜像
images:
- location: "https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/releases/22.04/release/ubuntu-22.04-server-cloudimg-amd64.img"
 arch: "x86_64"
- location: "https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/releases/22.04/release/ubuntu-22.04-server-cloudimg-arm64.img"
 arch: "aarch64"
# 定义虚拟机需要使用哪个架构启动(对应上面的镜像)
arch: "x86_64"
# CPU 数量
cpus: 4
# 内存大小
memory: "16G"
# 磁盘大小
disk: "100G"
# 虚拟机与 macOS 宿主机挂载时使用的挂载技术
# 目前推荐 9p, 可换成 sshfs, 但是 sshfs 会有权限问题
mountType: 9p
# 定义虚拟机和 macOS 宿主机有哪些目录可以共享
mounts:
- location: "~"
 # 定义虚拟机对这个目录是否可写
 writable: true
 9p:
   # 对于可写的共享目录, cache 推荐类型为 mmap, 不写好像默认 fscache
   cache: "mmap"
- location: "/tmp/lima"
 writable: true
 9p:
   cache: "mmap"
# containerd is managed by Docker, not by Lima, so the values are set to false here.
containerd:
 system: false
 user: false
# cloud-init hook 定义
provision:
# 定义以什么权限在虚拟机内执行脚本
- mode: system
 # This script defines the host.docker.internal hostname when hostResolver is disabled.
 # It is also needed for lima 0.8.2 and earlier, which does not support hostResolver.hosts.
 # Names defined in /etc/hosts inside the VM are not resolved inside containers when
 # using the hostResolver; use hostResolver.hosts instead (requires lima 0.8.3 or later).
 script: |
   #!/bin/sh
   sed -i 's/host.lima.internal.*/host.lima.internal host.docker.internal/' /etc/hosts
- mode: system
 script: |
   #!/bin/bash
   set -eux -o pipefail
   if command -v docker >/dev/null 2>&1; then
     docker run --platform=linux/amd64 --privileged --rm tonistiigi/binfmt --install all
     exit 0
   else
     export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
     curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | sh
     docker run --platform=linux/amd64 --privileged --rm tonistiigi/binfmt --install all
     # NOTE: you may remove the lines below, if you prefer to use rootful docker, not rootless
     systemctl disable --now docker
     apt-get install -y uidmap dbus-user-session
   fi
- mode: user
 script: |
   #!/bin/bash
   set -eux -o pipefail
   systemctl --user start dbus
   dockerd-rootless-setuptool.sh install
   docker context use rootless
probes:
- script: |
   #!/bin/bash
   set -eux -o pipefail
   if ! timeout 30s bash -c "until command -v docker >/dev/null 2>&1; do sleep 3; done"; then
     echo >&2 "docker is not installed yet"
     exit 1
   fi
   if ! timeout 30s bash -c "until pgrep rootlesskit; do sleep 3; done"; then
     echo >&2 "rootlesskit (used by rootless docker) is not running"
     exit 1
   fi
 hint: See "/var/log/cloud-init-output.log". in the guest
hostResolver:
 # hostResolver.hosts requires lima 0.8.3 or later. Names defined here will also
 # resolve inside containers, and not just inside the VM itself.
 hosts:
   host.docker.internal: host.lima.internal
portForwards:
- guestSocket: "/run/user/{{.UID}}/docker.sock"
 hostSocket: "{{.Dir}}/sock/docker.sock"
# 自己定义的启动后消息输出
message: |
 To run `docker` on the host (assumes docker-cli is installed), run the following commands:
 ------
 docker context create amd64 --docker "host=unix://{{.Dir}}/sock/docker.sock"
 docker context use amd64
 ------
Copy

limactl start ./docker-amd64.yamlCopy

docker run --platform=linux/amd64 --privileged --rm tonistiigi/binfmt --install allCopy

# 定义每个平台架构需要使用的启动镜像
images:
- location: "https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/releases/22.04/release/ubuntu-22.04-server-cloudimg-amd64.img"
 arch: "x86_64"
- location: "https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/releases/22.04/release/ubuntu-22.04-server-cloudimg-arm64.img"
 arch: "aarch64"
# 定义本虚拟机需要使用哪个架构启动(对应会使用上面目标架构的镜像)
arch: "aarch64"Copy