linux
获取linux硬件信息的方式，有很多。
1.使用puppet或者saltstack
2.直接读取/proc/xx文件，比如cpu信息，就是/proc/cpuinfo
3.dmidecode
4.psutil，它可以获取某些信息，但是对于CPU型号，无法获取！
接下来讨论一下关于 python-hwinfo， 它是一个展示硬件信息概况的工具之一，并且其配置简洁
什么是 python-hwinfo
这是一个通过解析系统工具（例如 lspci 和 dmidecode）的输出，来检查硬件和设备的 Python 库。它提供了一个简单的命令行工具，可以用来检查本地、远程的主机和记录的信息。用 sudo 运行该命令以获得最大的信息。
另外，你可以提供服务器 IP 或者主机名、用户名和密码，在远程的服务器上执行它。当然你也可以使用这个工具查看其它工具捕获的输出（例如 demidecode 输出的 dmidecode.out，/proc/cpuinfo 输出的cpuinfo，lspci -nnm 输出的 lspci-nnm.out）。
Linux 上如何安装 python-hwinfo
在绝大多数 Linux 发行版，都可以通过 pip 包安装。为了安装 python-hwinfo， 确保你的系统已经有 Python 和python-pip 包作为先决条件。
pip 是 Python 附带的一个包管理工具，在 Linux 上安装 Python 包的推荐工具之一。
在 RHEL/CentOS 平台，使用 YUM 命令安装 pip
yum install -y python-pip python-devel最后，执行下面的 pip 命令安装 python-hwinfo
pip install python-hwinfo怎么在本地机器使用 python-hwinfo
执行下面的命令，检查本地机器现有的硬件。输出很清楚和整洁，这是我在其他命令中没有看到的。
它的输出分为了五类：
1.Bios Info（BIOS 信息）： BIOS 供应商名称、系统产品名称、系统序列号、系统唯一标识符、系统制造商、BIOS 发布日期和BIOS 版本。
2.CPU Info（CPU 信息）：处理器编号、供应商 ID，CPU 系列代号、型号、步进编号、型号名称、CPU 主频。
3.Ethernet Controller Info（网卡信息）： 供应商名称、供应商 ID、设备名称、设备 ID、子供应商名称、子供应商 ID，子设备名称、子设备 ID。
4.Storage Controller Info（存储设备信息）： 供应商名称、供应商 ID、设备名称、设备 ID、子供应商名称，子供应商 ID、子设备名称、子设备 ID。
5.GPU Info（GPU 信息）： 供应商名称、供应商 ID、设备名称、设备 ID、子供应商名称、子供应商 ID、子设备名称、子设备 ID。
执行命名hwinfo -e 表示输出json格式的数据
[root@localhost ~]# hwinfo -e
{
"bios": {
"bios_vendor_name": "Phoenix Technologies LTD",
"system_product_name": "VMware Virtual Platform",
"system_serial_number": "VMware-56 4d 53 d2 bd 73 ed 36-61 08 23 cc 4a c7 b7 ff",
"chassis_type": "Other",
"system_uuid": "564D53D2-BD73-ED36-6108-23CC4AC7B7FF",
"system_manufacturer": "VMware, Inc.",
"socket_count": 64,
"bios_release_date": "05/19/2017",
"bios_version": "6.00",
"socket_designation": "CPU #000, CPU #001, CPU #002, CPU #003, CPU #004, CPU #005, CPU #006, CPU #007, CPU #008, CPU #009, CPU #010, CPU #011, CPU #012, CPU #013, CPU #014, CPU #015, CPU #016, CPU #017, CPU #018, CPU #019, CPU #020, CPU #021, CPU #022, CPU #023, CPU #024, CPU #025, CPU #026, CPU #027, CPU #028, CPU #029, CPU #030, CPU #031, CPU #032, CPU #033, CPU #034, CPU #035, CPU #036, CPU #037, CPU #038, CPU #039, CPU #040, CPU #041, CPU #042, CPU #043, CPU #044, CPU #045, CPU #046, CPU #047, CPU #048, CPU #049, CPU #050, CPU #051, CPU #052, CPU #053, CPU #054, CPU #055, CPU #056, CPU #057, CPU #058, CPU #059, CPU #060, CPU #061, CPU #062, CPU #063"
},
"storage_controllers": [
{
"subdevice_name": "Virtual Machine Chipset",
"subdevice_id": "1976",
"subvendor_id": "15ad",
"vendor_id": "8086",
"device_name": "82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 IDE",
"vendor_name": "Intel Corporation",
"subvendor_name": "VMware",
"class": "0101",
"device_id": "7111"
},
{
"subdevice_name": "LSI Logic Parallel SCSI Controller",
"subdevice_id": "1976",
"subvendor_id": "15ad",
"vendor_id": "1000",
"device_name": "53c1030 PCI-X Fusion-MPT Dual Ultra320 SCSI",
"vendor_name": "LSI Logic / Symbios Logic",
"subvendor_name": "VMware",
"class": "0100",
"device_id": "0030"
}
],
"cpu": [
{
"model": "94",
"clflush_size": "64",
"cpu_family": "6",
"address_sizes": "40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual",
"vendor_id": "GenuineIntel",
"bogomips": "5202.00",
"processor": "0",
"fpu": "yes",
"cpuid_level": "22",
"fpu_exception": "yes",
"stepping": "3",
"cache_alignment": "64",
"cache_size": "6144 KB",
"flags": "fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon nopl xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm 3dnowprefetch arat fsgsbase smep",
"microcode": "0xbe",
"cpu_mhz": "2599.936",
"model_name": "Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-6700HQ CPU @ 2.60GHz",
"wp": "yes"
}
],
"gpus": [
{
"subdevice_name": "SVGA II Adapter",
"subdevice_id": "0405",
"subvendor_id": "15ad",
"vendor_id": "15ad",
"device_name": "SVGA II Adapter",
"vendor_name": "VMware",
"subvendor_name": "VMware",
"class": "0300",
"device_id": "0405"
}
],
"nics": [
{
"subdevice_name": "PRO/1000 MT Single Port Adapter",
"subdevice_id": "0750",
"subvendor_id": "15ad",
"vendor_id": "8086",
"device_name": "82545EM Gigabit Ethernet Controller (Copper)",
"vendor_name": "Intel Corporation",
"subvendor_name": "VMware",
"class": "0200",
"device_id": "100f"
}
]
}注意：这个命令只能在Python 2.7才能使用。Python 3.x执行会报错！
Windows
windows不能使用hwinfo，因为hwinfo是读取/proc/xx文件的。而windows是没有的，所以会报错！需要使用其他模块来获取
使用下面的命令安装2个模块
pip install wmi pyinstaller新建一个文件win_sysinfo.py，内容如下：
#_*_coding:utf-8_*_
import platform
import win32com
import wmi
import os
import json
def collect():
data = {
'os_type': platform.system(),
'os_release':"%s %s %s "%( platform.release() ,platform.architecture()[0],platform.version()),
'os_distribution': 'Microsoft',
'asset_type':'server'
}
win32obj = Win32Info()
data.update(win32obj.get_cpu_info())
data.update(win32obj.get_ram_info())
data.update(win32obj.get_server_info())
data.update(win32obj.get_disk_info())
data.update(win32obj.get_nic_info())
# for k,v in data.items():
# print k,v
return data
class Win32Info(object):
def __init__(self):
self.wmi_obj = wmi.WMI()
self.wmi_service_obj = win32com.client.Dispatch("WbemScripting.SWbemLocator")
self.wmi_service_connector =self.wmi_service_obj.ConnectServer(".","root\cimv2")
def get_cpu_info(self):
data = {}
cpu_lists = self.wmi_obj.Win32_Processor()
cpu_core_count = 0
for cpu in cpu_lists:
cpu_core_count += cpu.NumberOfCores
cpu_model = cpu.Name
data["cpu_count"] = len(cpu_lists)
data["cpu_model"] = cpu_model
data["cpu_core_count"] =cpu_core_count
return data
def get_ram_info(self):
data = []
ram_collections = self.wmi_service_connector.ExecQuery("Select * from Win32_PhysicalMemory")
for item in ram_collections:
item_data = {}
#print item
mb = int(1024 * 1024)
ram_size = int(item.Capacity) / mb
item_data = {
"slot":item.DeviceLocator.strip(),
"capacity":ram_size,
"model":item.Caption,
"manufactory":item.Manufacturer,
"sn":item.SerialNumber,
}
data.append(item_data)
return {"ram":data}
def get_server_info(self):
computer_info = self.wmi_obj.Win32_ComputerSystem()[0]
system_info = self.wmi_obj.Win32_OperatingSystem()[0]
data = {}
data['manufactory'] = computer_info.Manufacturer
data['model'] = computer_info.Model
data['wake_up_type'] = computer_info.WakeUpType
data['sn'] = system_info.SerialNumber
return data
def get_disk_info(self):
data = []
for disk in self.wmi_obj.Win32_DiskDrive():
#print disk.Model,disk.Size,disk.DeviceID,disk.Name,disk.Index,disk.SerialNumber,disk.SystemName,disk.Description
item_data = {}
iface_choices = ["SAS","SCSI","SATA","SSD"]
for iface in iface_choices:
if iface in disk.Model:
item_data['iface_type'] = iface
break
else:
item_data['iface_type'] = 'unknown'
item_data['slot'] = disk.Index
item_data['sn'] = disk.SerialNumber
item_data['model'] = disk.Model
item_data['manufactory'] = disk.Manufacturer
item_data['capacity'] = int(disk.Size ) / (1024*1024*1024)
data.append(item_data)
return {'physical_disk_driver':data}
def get_nic_info(self):
data = []
for nic in self.wmi_obj.Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration():
if nic.MACAddress is not None:
item_data = {}
item_data['macaddress'] = nic.MACAddress
item_data['model'] = nic.Caption
item_data['name'] = nic.Index
if nic.IPAddress is not None:
item_data['ipaddress'] = nic.IPAddress[0]
item_data['netmask'] = nic.IPSubnet
else:
item_data['ipaddress'] = ''
item_data['netmask'] = ''
bonding = 0
#print nic.MACAddress ,nic.IPAddress,nic.ServiceName,nic.Caption,nic.IPSubnet
#print item_data
data.append(item_data)
return {'nic':data}
if __name__=="__main__":
ret = collect()
print json.dumps(ret)注意：此脚本，也是Python 2.7。需要在windows上安装Python 2.7
打开cmd窗口，执行脚本
python C:\Users\xiao\Desktop\win_sysinfo.py效果如下：
但是dos窗口输出的内容，不好复制，怎么办呢？
将输出重定向到桌面的info.txt文件中(不需要手动创建)
python C:\Users\xiao\Desktop\win_sysinfo.py > C:\Users\xiao\Desktop\info.txt打开txt文件，复制内容
打开在线json网页，将内容复制进去
http://www.bejson.com/
点击校验，效果如下：
{
"model": "Inspiron 7559",
"cpu_count": 1,
"os_release": "10 64bit 10.0.17134 ",
"nic": [{
"macaddress": "00:FF:D6:54:71:F4",
"model": "[00000001] TAP-Windows Adapter V9",
"ipaddress": "",
"name": 1,
"netmask": ""
}, {
"macaddress": "00:50:56:C0:00:01",
"model": "[00000002] VMware Virtual Ethernet Adapter for VMnet1",
"ipaddress": "192.168.233.1",
"name": 2,
"netmask": ["255.255.255.0", "64"]
}, {
"macaddress": "00:50:56:C0:00:08",
"model": "[00000003] VMware Virtual Ethernet Adapter for VMnet8",
"ipaddress": "192.168.218.1",
"name": 3,
"netmask": ["255.255.255.0", "64"]
}, {
"macaddress": "F4:8E:38:EE:0B:9F",
"model": "[00000004] Realtek PCIe GBE Family Controller",
"ipaddress": "192.168.12.151",
"name": 4,
"netmask": ["255.255.255.0", "64"]
}, {
"macaddress": "58:FB:84:62:18:0D",
"model": "[00000005] Intel(R) Dual Band Wireless-AC 3165",
"ipaddress": "",
"name": 5,
"netmask": ""
}, {
"macaddress": "58:FB:84:62:18:0E",
"model": "[00000006] Microsoft Wi-Fi Direct Virtual Adapter",
"ipaddress": "",
"name": 6,
"netmask": ""
}, {
"macaddress": "5A:FB:84:62:18:0D",
"model": "[00000007] Microsoft Wi-Fi Direct Virtual Adapter",
"ipaddress": "",
"name": 7,
"netmask": ""
}, {
"macaddress": "82:97:20:52:41:53",
"model": "[00000013] WAN Miniport (IP)",
"ipaddress": "",
"name": 13,
"netmask": ""
}, {
"macaddress": "86:9F:20:52:41:53",
"model": "[00000014] WAN Miniport (IPv6)",
"ipaddress": "",
"name": 14,
"netmask": ""
}, {
"macaddress": "88:73:20:52:41:53",
"model": "[00000015] WAN Miniport (Network Monitor)",
"ipaddress": "",
"name": 15,
"netmask": ""
}],
"ram": [{
"slot": "ChannelA-DIMM0",
"model": "物理内存",
"capacity": 8192,
"sn": "14093411",
"manufactory": "019800000000"
}, {
"slot": "ChannelB-DIMM0",
"model": "物理内存",
"capacity": 8192,
"sn": "06048420",
"manufactory": "019800000000"
}],
"cpu_model": "Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-6700HQ CPU @ 2.60GHz",
"manufactory": "Dell Inc.",
"physical_disk_driver": [{
"slot": 0,
"capacity": 119,
"manufactory": "(标准磁盘驱动器)",
"sn": "163363432723",
"model": "SanDisk Z400s M.2 2280 128GB",
"iface_type": "unknown"
}, {
"slot": 1,
"capacity": 465,
"manufactory": "(标准磁盘驱动器)",
"sn": " SBY6P77H",
"model": "ST500LT012-1DG142",
"iface_type": "unknown"
}],
"wake_up_type": 6,
"sn": "00342-33067-00000-AAOEM",
"cpu_core_count": 4,
"os_type": "Windows",
"os_distribution": "Microsoft",
"asset_type": "server"
}
