本文小编为大家详细介绍“如何利用java和sqlserver建立简易图书管理系统”，内容详细，步骤清晰，细节处理妥当，希望这篇“如何利用java和sqlserver建立简易图书管理系统”文章能帮助大家解决疑惑，下面跟着小编的思路慢慢深入，一起来学习新知识吧。
1.所需功能：
游览所有图书、查找书籍、建立新图书，借出和归还图书，删除某一图书
2.流程：
数据库连接
选择需要的操作
释放连接
3.环境及其语言：
Idea，JDK13，驱动包Microsoft JDBC Driver 8.2.2 for SQL Server
4.数据库建立
数据库：sqlserver2019
Database：library
Table：Book
Book：书籍编号，书籍名称，书籍作者，库存量
管理员名：sa
密码：123456
5.操作：
数据库连接：sql.T3.Test1.java
官网下载驱动包Microsoft JDBC Driver 8.2.2 for SQL Server并加载到程序中。
//注册驱动DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver());//建立连接String dbUL="jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;DatabaseName=Library";String Name="sa";String Paw="123456";conn=DriverManager.getConnection(dbUL,Name,Paw);选择需要的操作：sql.T3.Test1.java
1.游览所有图书
try{ DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver()); conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUL, Name, Paw); st = conn.createStatement(); sql = "select * from Book"; rs = st.executeQuery(sql); while (rs.next()){ int id = rs.getInt("id"); String name = rs.getString("name"); String aut = rs.getString("aut"); int num = rs.getInt("num"); System.out.println("id=" + id + " name=" + name + " aut:" + aut + " num:" + num); }}catch (SQLException e){ e.printStackTrace();}finally{ JDBCUtil.release(conn, st, rs);}2.查找书籍
try{ DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver()); conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUL, Name, Paw); st = conn.createStatement(); System.out.println("查找方式:1.按编号查找;2.按书名查找;3.按作者查找;4.放弃操作;"); b_h3 = sc.nextInt(); f_l = true; switch (b_h3){ case 1: System.out.println("输入书籍编号:"); book_num = sc.nextInt(); sql1 = "select * from Book where id=" + book_num; break; case 2: System.out.println("输入书籍名称:"); book_name = sc.next(); sql1 = "select * from Book where name='" + book_name + "'"; break; case 3: System.out.println("输入书籍作者:"); author = sc.next(); sql1 = "select * from Book where id='" + author + "'"; break; case 4: f_l = false; break; } if (f_l){ sql = sql1; rs = st.executeQuery(sql); while (rs.next()){ int id = rs.getInt("id"); String name = rs.getString("name"); String aut = rs.getString("aut"); int num = rs.getInt("num"); System.out.println("id=" + id + " name=" + name + " aut:" + aut + " num:" + num); } } else System.out.println("对象已放弃操作");}catch (SQLException e){ e.printStackTrace();}finally{ JDBCUtil.release(conn, st, rs);}3.建立新图书
try{ DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver()); conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUL, Name, Paw); st = conn.createStatement(); System.out.println("书籍导入：请依次输入书籍的编号、书名、作者和导入数量:"); book_id = sc.nextInt(); book_name = sc.next(); author = sc.next(); book_num = sc.nextInt(); sql1 = "insert into Book values(" + book_id + ",'" + book_name + "','" + author + "'," + book_num + ")"; st.executeUpdate(sql1);}catch (SQLException e){ e.printStackTrace();}finally{ JDBCUtil.release(conn, st);}4借出图书
try{ DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver()); conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUL, Name, Paw); st = conn.createStatement(); System.out.println("查找方式:1.按编号查找;2.按书名查找;3.按作者查找;4.放弃操作;"); b_h3 = sc.nextInt(); f_l = true; switch (b_h3){ case 1: System.out.println("输入书籍编号:"); book_num = sc.nextInt(); sql1 = "select * from Book where id=" + book_num; break; case 2: System.out.println("输入书籍名称:"); book_name = sc.next(); sql1 = "select * from Book where name='" + book_name + "'"; break; case 3: System.out.println("输入书籍作者:"); author = sc.next(); sql1 = "select * from Book where id='" + author + "'"; break; case 4: f_l = false; break; } if (f_l){ sql = sql1; rs = st.executeQuery(sql); while (rs.next()){ int id = rs.getInt("id"); String name = rs.getString("name"); String aut = rs.getString("aut"); int num = rs.getInt("num"); System.out.println("id=" + id + " name=" + name + " aut:" + aut + " num:" + num); b_h = num; book_id = id; } System.out.println("确认借出:确认:1,取消:2"); b_h3 = sc.nextInt(); if (b_h3 == 1){ if (b_h == 0) System.out.println("馆藏书目为0，无法借出"); else{ b_h--; sql1 = "UPDATE Book SET num=" + b_h + "WHERE id =" + book_id; st.executeUpdate(sql1); } } else System.out.println("你已取消操作"); } else System.out.println("对象已放弃操作");}catch (SQLException e){ e.printStackTrace();}finally{ JDBCUtil.release(conn, st, rs);}5. 归还图书删除某一图书
try{ DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver()); conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUL, Name, Paw); st = conn.createStatement(); System.out.println("输入归还书id:"); book_id = sc.nextInt(); sql = "select * from Book where id=" + book_id; rs = st.executeQuery(sql); while (rs.next()){ int id = rs.getInt("id"); String name = rs.getString("name"); String aut = rs.getString("aut"); int num = rs.getInt("num"); System.out.println("id=" + id + " name=" + name + " aut:" + aut + " num:" + num); b_h = num; } b_h++; sql1 = "UPDATE Book SET num=" + b_h + "WHERE id =" + book_id; st.executeUpdate(sql1);}catch (SQLException e){ e.printStackTrace();}finally{ JDBCUtil.release(conn, st, rs);}6.删除某一图书
try{ DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver()); conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUL, Name, Paw); st = conn.createStatement(); System.out.println("输入删除书id:"); book_id = sc.nextInt(); sql1 = "delete from Book where id=" + book_id; st.executeUpdate(sql1);}catch (SQLException e){ e.printStackTrace();}finally{ JDBCUtil.release(conn, st, rs);}释放连接: sql.T1.JDBCUtil.java
public static void release(Connection conn, Statement st, ResultSet rs)//当rs不为空时{ closeRs(rs); closeSt(st); closeConn(conn);}public static void release(Connection conn, Statement st)// 当rs为空时{ closeSt(st); closeConn(conn);}运行结果演示
sqlserver中的部分数据：
idea中的演示结果：
显示书籍：
查找书籍及借出：
归还书籍及删除书籍：
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