MyBatis的插件机制
MyBatis 允许在已映射语句执行过程中的某一点进行拦截调用。默认情况下,MyBatis 允许使用插件来拦截的方法调用包括:
- Executor(update, query, flushStatements, commit, rollback, getTransaction, close, isClosed)
- ParameterHandler(getParameterObject, setParameters)
- ResultSetHandler(handleResultSets, handleOutputParameters)
- StatementHandler(prepare, parameterize, batch, update, query)
这里我们再回顾一下,在创建StatementHandler时,我们看到了如下代码:
public StatementHandler newStatementHandler(Executor executor, MappedStatement mappedStatement, Object parameterObject, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, BoundSql boundSql) {
StatementHandler statementHandler = new RoutingStatementHandler(executor, mappedStatement, parameterObject, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);
statementHandler = (StatementHandler) interceptorChain.pluginAll(statementHandler);
return statementHandler;
}
InterceptorChain
在全局配置Configuration中维护了一个InterceptorChain interceptorChain = new InterceptorChain()
拦截器链,其内部维护了一个私有常量List<Interceptor> interceptors
,其pluginAll
方法为遍历interceptors
并调用每个拦截器的plugin
方法。
public class InterceptorChain {
private final List<Interceptor> interceptors = new ArrayList<Interceptor>();
public Object pluginAll(Object target) {
for (Interceptor interceptor : interceptors) {
target = interceptor.plugin(target);
}
return target;
}
//添加拦截器到链表中
public void addInterceptor(Interceptor interceptor) {
interceptors.add(interceptor);
}
//获取链表中的拦截器,返回一个不可修改的列表
public List<Interceptor> getInterceptors() {
return Collections.unmodifiableList(interceptors);
}
}
MyBatis中拦截器接口
package org.apache.ibatis.plugin;
import java.util.Properties;
public interface Interceptor {
//拦截处理,也就是代理对象目标方法执行前被处理
Object intercept(Invocation invocation) throws Throwable;
//生成代理对象
Object plugin(Object target);
//设置属性
void setProperties(Properties properties);
}
如果想自定义插件,那么就需要实现该接口。
MyBatis中的Invocation
package org.apache.ibatis.plugin;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
public class Invocation {
//目标对象
private final Object target;
//目标对象的方法
private final Method method;
//方法参数
private final Object[] args;
public Invocation(Object target, Method method, Object[] args) {
this.target = target;
this.method = method;
this.args = args;
}
public Object getTarget() { return target;}
public Method getMethod() {return method;}
public Object[] getArgs() {return args;}
//proceed-继续,也就是说流程继续往下执行,这里看方法就是目标方法反射调用。
public Object proceed() throws InvocationTargetException, IllegalAccessException {
return method.invoke(target, args);
}
}
MyBatis中的Plugin
package org.apache.ibatis.plugin;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import org.apache.ibatis.reflection.ExceptionUtil;
public class Plugin implements InvocationHandler {
//目标对象 ,被代理的对象
private final Object target;
//拦截器
private final Interceptor interceptor;
//方法签名集合
private final Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap;
private Plugin(Object target, Interceptor interceptor, Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap) {
this.target = target;
this.interceptor = interceptor;
this.signatureMap = signatureMap;
}
//该方法会获取signatureMap中包含的所有target实现的接口,然后生成代理对象
public static Object wrap(Object target, Interceptor interceptor) {
Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap = getSignatureMap(interceptor);
Class<?> type = target.getClass();
Class<?>[] interfaces = getAllInterfaces(type, signatureMap);
if (interfaces.length > 0) {
return Proxy.newProxyInstance(
type.getClassLoader(),
interfaces,
new Plugin(target, interceptor, signatureMap));
}
return target;
}
//每一个InvocationHandler 的invoke方法会在代理对象的目标方法执行前被触发
@Override
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
try {
Set<Method> methods = signatureMap.get(method.getDeclaringClass());
if (methods != null && methods.contains(method)) {
return interceptor.intercept(new Invocation(target, method, args));
}
return method.invoke(target, args);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw ExceptionUtil.unwrapThrowable(e);
}
}
//获取拦截器感兴趣的接口与方法
private static Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> getSignatureMap(Interceptor interceptor) {
Intercepts interceptsAnnotation = interceptor.getClass().getAnnotation(Intercepts.class);
// issue #251
if (interceptsAnnotation == null) {
throw new PluginException("No @Intercepts annotation was found in interceptor " + interceptor.getClass().getName());
}
Signature[] sigs = interceptsAnnotation.value();
Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap = new HashMap<>();
for (Signature sig : sigs) {
Set<Method> methods = signatureMap.computeIfAbsent(sig.type(), k -> new HashSet<>());
try {
Method method = sig.type().getMethod(sig.method(), sig.args());
methods.add(method);
} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
throw new PluginException("Could not find method on " + sig.type() + " named " + sig.method() + ". Cause: " + e, e);
}
}
return signatureMap;
}
//该方法会获取signatureMap中包含的所有type实现的接口与上级接口
private static Class<?>[] getAllInterfaces(Class<?> type, Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap) {
Set<Class<?>> interfaces = new HashSet<>();
while (type != null) {
for (Class<?> c : type.getInterfaces()) {
if (signatureMap.containsKey(c)) {
interfaces.add(c);
}
}
type = type.getSuperclass();
}
return interfaces.toArray(new Class<?>[interfaces.size()]);
}
}
这里Plugin
实现了InvocationHandler
,那么其invoke
方法会在代理对象的目标方法执行前被触发。其invoke
方法解释如下:
- ① 获取当前Plugin感兴趣的方法类型,判断目标方法Method是否被包含;
- ② 如果当前目标方法是Plugin感兴趣的,那么就
interceptor.intercept(new Invocation(target, method, args));
触发拦截器的intercept方法; - ③ 如果当前目标方法不是Plugin感兴趣的,直接执行目标方法。
上面说Plugin感兴趣其实是指内部的interceptor感兴趣。
MyBatis插件开发
如下所示,编写插件实现Interceptor
接口,并使用@Intercepts
注解完成插件签名。
package com.mybatis.dao;
import java.util.Properties;
import org.apache.ibatis.executor.parameter.ParameterHandler;
import org.apache.ibatis.executor.statement.StatementHandler;
import org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Interceptor;
import org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Intercepts;
import org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Invocation;
import org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Plugin;
import org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Signature;
import org.apache.ibatis.reflection.MetaObject;
import org.apache.ibatis.reflection.SystemMetaObject;
@Intercepts({@Signature(type=StatementHandler.class,method="parameterize",args=java.sql.Statement.class)})
public class MyFirstPlugin implements Interceptor{
@Override
public Object intercept(Invocation invocation) throws Throwable {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("MyFirstPlugin...intercept:"+invocation.getMethod());
Object target = invocation.getTarget();
System.out.println("当前拦截到的对象:"+target);
//拿到:StatementHandler==>ParameterHandler===>parameterObject
//拿到target的元数据
MetaObject metaObject = SystemMetaObject.forObject(target);
Object value = metaObject.getValue("parameterHandler.parameterObject");
System.out.println("sql语句用的参数是:"+value);
//修改完sql语句要用的参数
metaObject.setValue("parameterHandler.parameterObject", 11);
//执行目标方法
Object proceed = invocation.proceed();
//返回执行后的返回值
return proceed;
}
//plugin:包装目标对象的:包装:为目标对象创建一个代理对象
@Override
public Object plugin(Object target) {
//我们可以借助Plugin的wrap方法来使用当前Interceptor包装我们目标对象
System.out.println("MyFirstPlugin...plugin:mybatis将要包装的对象"+target);
Object wrap = Plugin.wrap(target, this);
//返回为当前target创建的动态代理
return wrap;
}
//setProperties:将插件注册时 的property属性设置进来
@Override
public void setProperties(Properties properties) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("插件配置的信息:"+properties);
}
}
注册到mybatis的全局配置文件中,示例如下(注意,插件是可以设置属性的如这里我们可以设置用户名、密码):
<plugins>
<plugin interceptor="com.mybatis.dao.MyFirstPlugin">
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="123456"/>
</plugin>
</plugins>
那么mybatis在执行过程中实例化Executor、ParameterHandler、ResultSetHandler和StatementHandler
时都会触发上面我们自定义插件的plugin
方法。
如果有多个插件,那么拦截器链包装的时候会从前到后,执行的时候会从后到前。如这里生成的StatementHandler
代理对象如下:
总结
- 按照插件注解声明,按照插件配置顺序调用插件
plugin
方法,生成被拦截对象的动态代理; - 多个插件依次生成目标对象的代理对象,层层包裹,先声明的先包裹,形成代理链;
- 目标方法执行时依次从外到内执行插件的
intercept
方法。 - 多个插件情况下,我们往往需要在某个插件中分离出目标对象。可以借助
MyBatis
提供的SystemMetaObject
类来进行获取最后一层的h
以及target
属性的值
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