今天小编给大家分享一下Ubuntu环境下如何搭建FTP服务器的相关知识点，内容详细，逻辑清晰，相信大部分人都还太了解这方面的知识，所以分享这篇文章给大家参考一下，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后有所收获，下面我们一起来了解一下吧。
安装ftp
安装ftp:
sudo apt-get updatesudo apt-get install vsftpd检查ftp是否安装：
vsftpd --version更改配置文件
注意使用sudo命令获得root权限
打开配置文件：
sudo vim /etc/vsftpd.conf做如下更改：
# example config file /etc/vsftpd.conf## the default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. this sample file# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.# please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.## read this: this example file is not an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.# please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's# capabilities.### run standalone? vsftpd can run either from an inetd or as a standalone# daemon started from an initscript.listen=no## this directive enables listening on ipv6 sockets. by default, listening# on the ipv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both ipv6# and ipv4 clients. it is not necessary to listen on *both* ipv4 and ipv6# sockets. if you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific# addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration# files.listen_ipv6=yes## allow anonymous ftp? (disabled by default).anonymous_enable=no## uncomment this to allow local users to log in.local_enable=yes## uncomment this to enable any form of ftp write command.write_enable=yes## default umask for local users is 077. you may wish to change this to 022,# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)local_umask=022## uncomment this to allow the anonymous ftp user to upload files. this only# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. also, you will# obviously need to create a directory writable by the ftp user.#anon_upload_enable=yes## uncomment this if you want the anonymous ftp user to be able to create# new directories.#anon_mkdir_write_enable=yes## activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they# go into a certain directory.dirmessage_enable=yes## if enabled, vsftpd will display directory listings with the time# in your local time zone. the default is to display gmt. the# times returned by the mdtm ftp command are also affected by this# option.use_localtime=yes## activate logging of uploads/downloads.xferlog_enable=yes## make sure port transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).connect_from_port_20=yes## if you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by# a different user. note! using "root" for uploaded files is not# recommended!#chown_uploads=yes#chown_username=whoever## you may override where the log file goes if you like. the default is shown# below.xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log## if you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.# note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.xferlog_std_format=yes## you may change the default value for timing out an idle session.#idle_session_timeout=600## you may change the default value for timing out a data connection.#data_connection_timeout=120## it is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.#nopriv_user=ftpsecure## enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous abor requests. not# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). not enabling it,# however, may confuse older ftp clients.#async_abor_enable=yes## by default the server will pretend to allow ascii mode but in fact ignore# the request. turn on the below options to have the server actually do ascii# mangling on files when in ascii mode.# beware that on some ftp servers, ascii support allows a denial of service# attack (dos) via the command "size /big/file" in ascii mode. vsftpd# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the# raw file.# ascii mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.#ascii_upload_enable=yes#ascii_download_enable=yes## you may fully customise the login banner string:ftpd_banner=welcome to blah ftp service.## you may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. apparently# useful for combatting certain dos attacks.#deny_email_enable=yes# (default follows)#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails## you may restrict local users to their home directories. see the faq for# the possible risks in this before using chroot_local_user or# chroot_list_enable below.#chroot_local_user=yes## you may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home# directory. if chroot_local_user is yes, then this list becomes a list of# users to not chroot().# (warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. if using chroot, make sure that# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the# chroot)chroot_local_user=yeschroot_list_enable=yes# (default follows)chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list## you may activate the "-r" option to the builtin ls. this is disabled by# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive i/o on large# sites. however, some broken ftp clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume# the presence of the "-r" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.#ls_recurse_enable=yes## customization## some of vsftpd's settings don't fit the filesystem layout by# default.## this option should be the name of a directory which is empty. also, the# directory should not be writable by the ftp user. this directory is used# as a secure chroot() jail at times vsftpd does not require filesystem# access.secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd/empty## this string is the name of the pam service vsftpd will use.pam_service_name=ftp## this option specifies the location of the rsa certificate to use for ssl# encrypted connections.rsa_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pemrsa_private_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.keyssl_enable=no## uncomment this to indicate that vsftpd use a utf8 filesystem.utf8_filesystem=yes退出编辑模式后，使用:wq保存退出vim.
创建ftp用户
此处的操作需要使用root权限，若操作被拒绝，使用sudo：
sudo mkdir /home/ftpdirsudo useradd ftpdir -d /home/ftpdir -msudo passwd ftpdirsudo mkdir /home/ftpdir/ftpsudo chmod 777 -r /home/ftpdir/ftpusermod -s /sbin/nologin ftpdir配置完成后，添加用户：
sudo vim /etc/vsftpd.chroot_list将ftpdir添加在文件中。
ftpdir
到此为止，整个ftp的搭建过程就完成了，接下来就是关于如何去使用了。
启动或者重启ftp
启动或者重启ftp:
service vsftpd startservice vsftpd restart查看ftp状态：
service vsftpd status若要关闭ftp服务,可以使用如下命令：
service vsftpd stop查看服务器ip
打开命令端
robot@robot:~$ ifconfigenp4s0f2 link encap:ethernet hwaddr 74:d0:2b:ec:fa:f9 up broadcast multicast mtu:1500 metric:1 rx packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 tx packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 rx bytes:0 (0.0 b) tx bytes:0 (0.0 b)lo link encap:local loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 scope:host up loopback running mtu:65536 metric:1 rx packets:12840 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 tx packets:12840 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 rx bytes:1174976 (1.1 mb) tx bytes:1174976 (1.1 mb)wlp3s0 link encap:ethernet hwaddr 24:fd:52:85:42:0c inet addr:192.168.1.110 bcast:192.168.1.255 mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::c13c:b38e:69c7:cdf2/64 scope:link up broadcast running multicast mtu:1500 metric:1 rx packets:99764 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 tx packets:95225 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 rx bytes:98718687 (98.7 mb) tx bytes:14326894 (14.3 mb)由于此处连接的是wifi，因此在wlp3s0这里找到对应的ip地址为192.168.1.110（如果连接网线则在第一段找ip,每台电脑的配置都不一样，可根据实际情况考虑）
登陆
使用filezilla或者打开文件管理器输入ftp://ipaddress
打开计算机，输入服务器的ip地址
输入用户名和密码，此处使用的用户名为ftpdir，密码为123456
最后就可以看到服务器上的创建的文件夹了。
ubuntu上文件位置
在完成ftp服务器的搭建和测试工作后，文件存放在服务哪里呢，怎么找到这些文件？
在创建用户那一节，在/home目录这里创建了ftpdir文件夹，ftpdir文件夹里创建了一个可读可写的文件夹ftp，在之后的文件传输中，可以切换到ftp文件夹中寻找文件，此处操作需要使用sudo获取权限。
robot@robot:~$ cd /home/ftpdir/ftprobot@robot:/home/ftpdir/ftp$ ls魔方.zip以上就是“Ubuntu环境下如何搭建FTP服务器”这篇文章的所有内容，感谢各位的阅读！相信大家阅读完这篇文章都有很大的收获，小编每天都会为大家更新不同的知识，如果还想学习更多的知识，请关注编程网行业资讯频道。
