Bootstrap的JavaScript的模态框(modal)是覆盖在父窗体上的子窗体。通常，目的是显示一个单独的内容，可以在不离开父窗体的情况下有一些互动。
子窗体可以自定义内容，可提供信息展示、交互等功能。
01-一个简单的、基本的模态框示例代码
DOCTYPE html><html><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="bootstrap-4.5.3-dist/css/bootstrap.css"> <script src="jquery-3.5.1.slim.js">script> <script src="bootstrap-4.5.3-dist/js/bootstrap.min.js">script>head><body><h3 align="center" >定义模态框<h3><a href="#myModal" class="btn btn-default" data-toggle="modal">点此打开模态框a><div id="myModal" class="modal"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <h3>模态框h3> <p>这是弹出的模态框内容p> div> div>div> body>html>运行效果如下：
02-一个完整的模态框示例代码
一个完整的模态框包括三个部分：头部、正文和页脚，分别使用类modal-header、modal-body和类modal-footer来定义。
示例代码如下：
DOCTYPE html><html><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>一个完整的模态框示例代码title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="bootstrap-4.5.3-dist/css/bootstrap.css"> <script src="jquery-3.5.1.slim.js">script> <script src="bootstrap-4.5.3-dist/js/bootstrap.min.js">script>head><body class="container"><h3 align="center">一个完整的模态框示例代码h3><button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#Modal"> 打开模态框button><div class="modal fade" id="Modal"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h5 class="modal-title" id="modalTitle">早春呈水部张十八员外h5> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal"> <span>×span> button> div> <div class="modal-body">天街小雨润如酥，草色遥看近却无。div> <div class="modal-body">最是一年春好处，绝胜烟柳满皇都。div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">关闭button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">更多button> div> div> div>div>body>html>重点代码说明：
①代码中的 data-dismiss="modal"是什么意思？
在Bootstrap中，data-dismiss 属性用于指定当用户与元素进行交互时，触发何种操作。在代码中，data-dismiss="modal" 是用于关闭模态框（Modal）的属性。
具体来说，这个属性告诉页面，当用户点击这个按钮时，应该关闭具有 id="Modal" 的模态框。这是模态框的关闭按钮，通常以 “X”（×）图标的形式呈现，用户点击它时，模态框会被关闭，不再显示在页面上。这是一种方便的方式来实现模态框的关闭操作，而不需要额外的JavaScript代码来处理关闭操作。
注意×就是代表“叉叉”形状。
所以，data-dismiss="modal" 可以理解为一个标记，告诉页面按钮的点击事件与模态框的关闭操作相关联。
运行效果如下：
03-设置模态框在垂直方向上居中
可以通过给模态框添加类modal-dialog-centered实现模态框在垂直方向上的居中。
示例代码如下：
DOCTYPE html><html><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>模态框垂直居中title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="bootstrap-4.5.3-dist/css/bootstrap.css"> <script src="jquery-3.5.1.slim.js">script> <script src="bootstrap-4.5.3-dist/js/bootstrap.min.js">script>head><body class="container"><h3 align="center">模态框垂直居中h3><button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#Modal"> 打开模态框button><div class="modal fade" id="Modal"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h5 class="modal-title" id="modalTitle">早春呈水部张十八员外h5> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal"> <span>×span> button> div> <div class="modal-body">天街小雨润如酥，草色遥看近却无。div> <div class="modal-body">最是一年春好处，绝胜烟柳满皇都。div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">关闭button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">更多button> div> div> div>div>body>html>运行效果如下：
04-设置模态框的大小
示例代码如下：
DOCTYPE html><html><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>设置模态框大小title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="bootstrap-4.5.3-dist/css/bootstrap.css"> <script src="jquery-3.5.1.slim.js">script> <script src="bootstrap-4.5.3-dist/js/bootstrap.min.js">script>head><body class="container"><h3 align="center">设置模态框大小h3><button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target=".example-modal-lg">大尺寸模态框button><div class="modal example-modal-lg"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-lg"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h5 class="modal-title">大尺寸模态框h5> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal"> <span>×span> button> div> <div class="modal-body"> 落日无情最有情，遍催万树暮蝉鸣。div> <div class="modal-body"> 听来咫尺无寻处，寻到旁边却不声。div> div> div>div><button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target=".example-modal-sm">小尺寸模态框button><div class="modal example-modal-sm"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-sm"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h5 class="modal-title">小尺寸模态框h5> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal"> <span>×span> button> div> <div class="modal-body">银烛秋光冷画屏，轻罗小扇扑流萤。div> <div class="modal-body">天阶夜色凉如水，卧看牵牛织女星。div> div> div>div>body>html>运行效果如下：
05-模态框网格
示例代码如下：
DOCTYPE html><html><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>模态框网格title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="bootstrap-4.5.3-dist/css/bootstrap.css"> <script src="jquery-3.5.1.slim.js">script> <script src="bootstrap-4.5.3-dist/js/bootstrap.min.js">script>head><body class="container"><h2 align="center">模态框网格h2><button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#Modal"> 打开模态框button><div class="modal" id="Modal"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h5 class="modal-title" id="modalTitle">模态框网格h5> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal"> <span>×span> button> div> <div class="modal-body"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4 bg-success text-white">.col-md-4div> <div class="col-md-4 ml-auto bg-success text-white">.col-md-4 .ml-autodiv> div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4 ml-md-auto bg-danger text-white">.col-md-3 .ml-md-autodiv> <div class="col-md-4 ml-md-auto bg-danger text-white">.col-md-3 .ml-md-autodiv> div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-auto mr-auto bg-warning">.col-auto .mr-autodiv> <div class="col-auto bg-warning">.col-autodiv> div> div> div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">关闭button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">更多button> div> div> div>div>body>html>运行效果如下：
06-给模态框添加弹窗和提示
可以用JavaScript的popover方法实现给模态框添加弹窗，JavaScript的tooltip给模态框添加提示。
示例代码如下：
DOCTYPE html><html><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>弹窗和工具提示title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="bootstrap-4.5.3-dist/css/bootstrap.css"> <script src="jquery-3.5.1.slim.js">script> <script src="popper.js">script> <script src="bootstrap-4.5.3-dist/js/bootstrap.min.js">script>head><body class="container"><h3 align="center">弹窗和工具提示h3><button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#Modal"> 打开模态框button><div class="modal" id="Modal"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h5 class="modal-title" id="modalTitle">模态框标题h5> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal"> <span>×span> button> div> <div class="modal-body"> <div class="modal-body"> <h5>弹窗h5> <p><a href="#" role="button" class="btn btn-secondary popover-test" title="望岳" data-content="荡胸生曾云，决眦入归鸟。会当凌绝顶，一览众山小。">古诗a>p><hr> <h5>工具提示h5> <p><a href="#" class="tooltip-test" title="古诗一">古诗一a>、<a href="#" class="tooltip-test" title="古诗二">古诗二a> 和 <a href="#" class="tooltip-test" title="古诗三">古诗三a>p> div> <script> $(document).ready(function(){ //找到对应的属性类别，添加弹窗和工具箱提示 $('.popover-test').popover(); $('.tooltip-test').tooltip(); }); script> div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">关闭button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">提交button> div> div> div>div>body>html>上面代码中有一段JavaScript代码，关于这段代码的详细介绍，请参见我的另一篇博文，链接：
https://blog.csdn.net/wenhao_ir/article/details/134029389
运行效果如下：
07-为模态框添加动作的网页提示信息
示例代码如下：
DOCTYPE html><html><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>添加用户行为title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="bootstrap-4.5.3-dist/css/bootstrap.css"> <script src="jquery-3.5.1.slim.js">script> <script src="bootstrap-4.5.3-dist/js/bootstrap.min.js">script>head><body class="container"><button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-backdrop="false" data-keyboard="false" data-target="#Modal-test"> 打开模态框button><div class="modal" id="Modal-test"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h5 class="modal-title" id="modalTitle">模态框标题h5> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal"> <span>×span> button> div> <div class="modal-body">模态框正文div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">关闭button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">保存button> div> div> div>div>body><script> $(function(){ $("#Modal-test").on("shown.bs.modal",function(){ alert("模态框显示完成") }) $("#Modal-test").on("hidden.bs.modal",function(){ alert("模态框隐藏完成") }) })script>html>运行效果如下：
点击上面截图中的“打开模态框”，出现下面的提示：
再点击上面截图中的“确定”，出现模态框：
点击上图中的“关闭”按钮，出现下面的提示：
再点击上图中的“确定”，提示和模态框均消失。
来源地址：https://blog.csdn.net/wenhao_ir/article/details/134015060
