背景:
本人在一位大佬的Colder框架中看到了这个接口注入,然后呢就想学习一下ioc思想与di设计模式。此写法给我的感觉就是
非常的 优雅 ,优雅永不过时。关于接口注入具体是什么可以最后推荐的地址。话不多说,开撸。
安装:
打开nuget管理工具,将我下面标红色的包都进行安装(注:千万别安装错了,按照名字不差的安装)
使用:
我们新建一个DI的文件夹,在文件夹中增加一个接口:IDependency.cs
namespace Coldairarrow
{
/// <summary>
/// 注入标记
/// </summary>
public interface IDependency
{
}
}
先不要问问什么后面会解释。
后面:其实。。就是这个依赖注入的一个原理吧。根据这个接口去找依赖的实现。
推荐去这个地址看一下:https://www.jb51.net/article/206284.htm
好了,继续分别新建Student.cs,StudentRepository.cs,IStudentRepository.cs三个类。StudentRepository.cs里面的具体业务根据需要自行修改,这里是为了测试使用。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
namespace ByzkApi
{
public class Student
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public string Graduation { get; set; }
public string School { get; set; }
public string Major { get; set; }
}
}
using Coldairarrow;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
namespace ByzkApi
{
public class StudentRepository : IStudentRepository,IDependency
{
public Student Add(Student item)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public bool Delete(int id)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public Student Get(int id)
{
return new Student() { Name = "张三" };
}
public IEnumerable<Student> GetAll()
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public bool Update(Student item)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
}
}
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace ByzkApi
{
public interface IStudentRepository
{
IEnumerable<Student> GetAll();
Student Get(int id);
Student Add(Student item);
bool Update(Student item);
bool Delete(int id);
}
}
注意:这里好好看一下StudentRepository 是实现了两个接口分别是 IStudentRepositoryIDependency(注入标记)
最关键的地方来了,我们打开项目启动的函数Application_Start,然后注入一下接口依赖。
using Autofac;
using Autofac.Extras.DynamicProxy;
using Autofac.Integration.Mvc;
using Autofac.Integration.WebApi;
using ByzkApi.Controllers;
using ByzkApi.Interface;
using Coldairarrow;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Web.Compilation;
using System.Web.Http;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Optimization;
using System.Web.Routing;
namespace ByzkApi
{
public class WebApiApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication
{
protected void Application_Start()
{
//初始化Autofac
InitAutofac(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration);
AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
GlobalConfiguration.Configure(WebApiConfig.Register);
FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);
}
private void InitAutofac(HttpConfiguration config)
{
var builder = new ContainerBuilder();
var baseType = typeof(IDependency);
//可以进行筛选如: Where(x => x.FullName.Contains("Coldairarrow"))
var assemblys = BuildManager.GetReferencedAssemblies().Cast<Assembly>()
.ToList();
//自动注入IDependency接口,支持AOP,生命周期为InstancePerDependency
builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(assemblys.ToArray())
.Where(x => baseType.IsAssignableFrom(x) && x != baseType)
.AsImplementedInterfaces()
.PropertiesAutowired()
.InstancePerDependency()
.EnableInterfaceInterceptors()
.InterceptedBy(typeof(Interceptor));
//注册Controller
builder.RegisterControllers(assemblys.ToArray())
.PropertiesAutowired();
builder.RegisterApiControllers(assemblys.ToArray()).PropertiesAutowired();
//AOP
builder.RegisterType<Interceptor>();
builder.RegisterWebApiFilterProvider(config);
var container = builder.Build();
DependencyResolver.SetResolver(new AutofacDependencyResolver(container));
var resolver = new AutofacWebApiDependencyResolver(container);
GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.DependencyResolver = resolver;
AutofacHelper.Container = container;
}
}
}
到此为止就已经注入完成了~
使用:
这个接口注入好了之后可以在普通的Controller使用,也可以在apiController进行使用,分别看一下效果,结束。
Controller:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
namespace ByzkApi.Controllers
{
public class HomeController : Controller
{
readonly IStudentRepository repository;
//构造器注入
public HomeController(IStudentRepository repository)
{
this.repository = repository;
}
public ActionResult Index()
{
var a = repository.Get(1);
ViewBag.Title = a.Name;
return View();
}
}
}
ApiController:(如果想要多个接口只需要实现接口的时候进行继承IDependency就可)
using ByzkApi.Interface;
using Coldairarrow.Web;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Http;
namespace ByzkApi.Controllers
{
public class TestApiController : ApiController
{
readonly IStudentRepository repository;
public ITest _test { get; }
//构造器注入
public TestApiController(IStudentRepository repository, ITest test)
{
this.repository = repository;
_test = test;
}
[HttpGet]
public DataTable test(string sql)
{
repository.Get(1);
var data = _test.GetTest("sql 语句");
//repository.GetTest(sql);
return data;
}
}
}
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