本文小编为大家详细介绍“怎么构建自己的docker容器镜像”，内容详细，步骤清晰，细节处理妥当，希望这篇“怎么构建自己的docker容器镜像”文章能帮助大家解决疑惑，下面跟着小编的思路慢慢深入，一起来学习新知识吧。
一. 设置docker构建镜像的环境
使用docker commit命令进行镜像的构建
1.1 commit 命令的介绍
我们执行 docker help commit来查看：
[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker help commitUsage: docker commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]Create a new image from a container's changesAliases: docker container commit, docker commitOptions: -a, --author string Author (e.g., "John Hannibal Smith <hannibal@a-team.com>") -c, --change list Apply Dockerfile instruction to the created image -m, --message string Commit message -p, --pause Pause container during commit (default true)[root@mufeng63 ~]#1.2 创建一个tomcat容器
拉取Tomcat的镜像
[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker pull tomcatUsing default tag: latestlatest: Pulling from library/tomcat0e29546d541c: Pull complete 9b829c73b52b: Pull complete cb5b7ae36172: Pull complete 6494e4811622: Pull complete 668f6fcc5fa5: Pull complete dc120c3e0290: Pull complete 8f7c0eebb7b1: Pull complete 77b694f83996: Pull complete 0f611256ec3a: Pull complete 4f25def12f23: Pull complete Digest: sha256:9dee185c3b161cdfede1f5e35e8b56ebc9de88ed3a79526939701f3537a52324Status: Downloaded newer image for tomcat:latestdocker.io/library/tomcat:latest[root@mufeng63 ~]#基于Tomcat的镜像创建容器
[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker run --name mytomcat -d -p 8080:8080 tomcat1f5bd6dcca0a614ec047bf3882e3fe2e4cdb17b7f343d7834145b17d1fc3c3c3[root@mufeng63 ~]#在Tomcat中部署一个简单的页面
如果不创建页面，直接访问Tomcat是会报错的，所以这里需要手动创建一个web测试页面：
//查看正在运行的容器[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker psCONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES1f5bd6dcca0a tomcat "catalina.sh run" 53 seconds ago Up 52 seconds 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, :::8080->8080/tcp mytomcat// 登录Tomcat容器[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker exec -it 1f5bd6dcca0a /bin/bashroot@1f5bd6dcca0a:/usr/local/tomcat# lsBUILDING.txt LICENSE README.md RUNNING.txt conf logs temp webapps.distCONTRIBUTING.md NOTICE RELEASE-NOTES bin lib native-jni-lib webapps work// 创建web测试目录root@1f5bd6dcca0a:/usr/local/tomcat# mkdir webapps/mufeng_demo//创建index.htmlroot@1f5bd6dcca0a:/usr/local/tomcat# echo "<h2>This is mufenggrow </>" > webapps/mufeng_demo/index.htmlroot@1f5bd6dcca0a:/usr/local/tomcat#浏览器访问测试：
使用ip+端口号/mufeng_demo/index.html进行访问：
二. 开始构建自己的镜像
2.1 查看容器的ID
先要确定自己要基于哪个容器生成镜像， 这里我们用Tomcat的容器来构建：
[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker psCONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES1f5bd6dcca0a tomcat "catalina.sh run" 19 minutes ago Up 19 minutes 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, :::8080->8080/tcp mytomcat[root@mufeng63 ~]#可以确定该容器的ID是1f5bd6dcca0a
2.2 使用命令docker commit 生成该容器的镜像，并保存在本地
[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker commit 1f5bd6dcca0a mufeng_tomcatsha256:3dbdf1f915ac9cc3210fb0e77d9f5d93f24064ac604cf12d24f602693396eed3[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZEmufeng_tomcat latest 3dbdf1f915ac 9 seconds ago 680MBtomcat latest fb5657adc892 15 months ago 680MB[root@mufeng63 ~]#执行完成后，看到多了一个mufeng_tomcat 的镜像。
三. 上传镜像到镜像仓库
3.1 登录docker hub
docker hub的官网地址： https://hub.docker.com/
注册：
创建存储库
你可以手动创建存储库，当然也可以不创建，我们这里默认是不创建的，上传的时候直接用mufenggrow/ 即可
3.2 创建镜像
如果要上传到镜像仓库中，需要在镜像名称前加上仓库的路径信息：
[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker commit 1f5bd6dcca0a mufenggrow/mufeng_tomcatsha256:dc9420341e4bd06cdd7dc5881220481c9dbe8faf4d548356c6dbab265a36416b[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZEmufenggrow/mufeng_tomcat latest dc9420341e4b 5 seconds ago 680MBmufeng_tomcat latest 3dbdf1f915ac 16 minutes ago 680MBtomcat latest fb5657adc892 15 months ago 680MB3.3 上传到镜像仓库
使用docker login 登录
[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker loginLogin with your Docker ID to push and pull images from Docker Hub. If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to https://hub.docker.com to create one.Username: mufenggrowPassword: WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. Seehttps://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-storeLogin Succeeded[root@mufeng63 ~]#开始上传
[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker push mufenggrow/mufeng_tomcatUsing default tag: latestThe push refers to repository [docker.io/mufenggrow/mufeng_tomcat]66f50273e519: Pushed 3e2ed6847c7a: Mounted from library/tomcat bd2befca2f7e: Mounted from library/tomcat 59c516e5b6fa: Mounted from library/tomcat 3bb5258f46d2: Mounted from library/tomcat 832e177bb500: Mounted from library/tomcat f9e18e59a565: Mounted from library/tomcat 26a504e63be4: Mounted from library/tomcat 8bf42db0de72: Mounted from library/tomcat 31892cc314cb: Mounted from library/tomcat 11936051f93b: Mounted from library/tomcat latest: digest: sha256:4a696362a8586173d7f0f9b12eef1354060d10746796e59519ed083fe0acd5f8 size: 2630[root@mufeng63 ~]#到网页端查看
下载测试
先删除系统中已经有的包：
[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker rmi mufenggrow/mufeng_tomcat:latest Untagged: mufenggrow/mufeng_tomcat:latestUntagged: mufenggrow/mufeng_tomcat@sha256:4a696362a8586173d7f0f9b12eef1354060d10746796e59519ed083fe0acd5f8Deleted: sha256:dc9420341e4bd06cdd7dc5881220481c9dbe8faf4d548356c6dbab265a36416bDeleted: sha256:6d5bd3130a0c60a6075e5856fa11c8acfdab7a2252360a6fbeabdef1f83fc526[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker rmi mufeng_tomcatUntagged: mufeng_tomcat:latestDeleted: sha256:3dbdf1f915ac9cc3210fb0e77d9f5d93f24064ac604cf12d24f602693396eed3Deleted: sha256:ea120c9388c452a6f215f1761b5981e40370e74b68d1886237e0931ce33a45f3[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZEtomcat latest fb5657adc892 15 months ago 680MB[root@mufeng63 ~]#下载镜像包
[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker search mufenggrow/mufeng_tomcatNAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATEDmufenggrow/mufeng_tomcat 0 [root@mufeng63 ~]# docker pull mufenggrow/mufeng_tomcatUsing default tag: latestlatest: Pulling from mufenggrow/mufeng_tomcat0e29546d541c: Already exists 9b829c73b52b: Already exists cb5b7ae36172: Already exists 6494e4811622: Already exists 668f6fcc5fa5: Already exists dc120c3e0290: Already exists 8f7c0eebb7b1: Already exists 77b694f83996: Already exists 0f611256ec3a: Already exists 4f25def12f23: Already exists 5a8cdbad1b10: Pull complete Digest: sha256:4a696362a8586173d7f0f9b12eef1354060d10746796e59519ed083fe0acd5f8Status: Downloaded newer image for mufenggrow/mufeng_tomcat:latestdocker.io/mufenggrow/mufeng_tomcat:latest[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZEmufenggrow/mufeng_tomcat latest dc9420341e4b 24 minutes ago 680MBtomcat latest fb5657adc892 15 months ago 680MB[root@mufeng63 ~]#读到这里，这篇“怎么构建自己的docker容器镜像”文章已经介绍完毕，想要掌握这篇文章的知识点还需要大家自己动手实践使用过才能领会，如果想了解更多相关内容的文章，欢迎关注编程网行业资讯频道。
