这篇文章主要讲解了“Java顺序表怎么实现图书管理系统”，文中的讲解内容简单清晰，易于学习与理解，下面请大家跟着小编的思路慢慢深入，一起来研究和学习“Java顺序表怎么实现图书管理系统”吧！
一、简介
实现此项目的目的是巩固并理解前面的知识点:类，抽象类，封装，继承，多态，接口等
二、核心需求
管理端
查阅书籍
增加书籍
删除书籍
打印书籍列表
退出系统
用户端
查询书籍
借阅书籍
归还书籍
打印书籍列表
退出系统
三、类的设计
1. 创建图书类
图书类中包含图书的名称，价格，类型，作者和是否被借出等信息，并生成构造方法，Getter()和Setter()方法，toString方法(注意成员变量应该尽可能使用private关键字修饰)
public class Book { private String name; private double price; private String type; private String author; private boolean isBorrowed; public Book(String name, double price, String type, String author) { this.name = name; this.price = price; this.type = type; this.author = author; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public double getPrice() { return price; } public void setPrice(double price) { this.price = price; } public String getType() { return type; } public void setType(String type) { this.type = type; } public String getAuthor() { return author; } public void setAuthor(String author) { this.author = author; } public boolean isBorrowed() { return isBorrowed; } public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed) { isBorrowed = borrowed; } @Override public String toString() { return "Book{" + "name='" + name + '\'' + ", price=" + price + ", type='" + type + '\'' + ", author='" + author + '\'' + ", 状态:" +((isBorrowed) ? "已借出":"未借出")+ '}'; }}2. 创建图书列表类
图书列表类用于存放图书，我们可以先在列表中初始化几本书以方便后续测试
public class BookList { private Book[] books = new Book[10]; private int usedSize; public BookList(){ books[0] = new Book("三国演义",19,"小说","罗贯中"); books[1] = new Book("水浒传",29,"小说","施耐庵"); books[2] = new Book("西游记",39,"小说","吴承恩"); usedSize = 3; } public int getUsedSize() { return usedSize; } public void setUsedSize(int usedSize) { this.usedSize = usedSize; } public Book getBook(int pos){ return books[pos]; } public void setBook(int pos,Book book) { books[pos] = book; }}3. 创建用户类
创建一个用户类并将其定义为抽象类，再创建普通用户类和管理员类继承于用户类:
创建用户类并定义为抽象类:
public abstract class User { protected String name; protected IOperation[] iOperations; public abstract int menu(); public void doWork(int choice, BookList bookList){ iOperations[choice].work(bookList); } public User(String name) { this.name = name; }}创建管理员用户类:
public class AdminUser extends User{ public AdminUser(String name) { super(name); this.iOperations = new IOperation[]{ new ExitOperation(), new FindOperation(), new AddOperation(), new DisplayOperation(), new DelOperation() }; } @Override public int menu(){ System.out.println("===========管理员菜单============"); System.out.println("您好, 管理员 "+this.name+":"); System.out.println("欢迎来到图书馆!"); System.out.println("1. 查找图书"); System.out.println("2. 新增图书"); System.out.println("3. 显示图书"); System.out.println("4. 删除图书"); System.out.println("0. 退出系统"); System.out.println("================================="); Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); int choice = scanner.nextInt(); return choice; }}创建普通用户类:
public class NormalUser extends User{ public NormalUser(String name) { super(name); this.iOperations = new IOperation[]{ new ExitOperation(), new DisplayOperation(), new FindOperation(), new BorrowOperation(), new ReturnOperation(), }; } @Override public int menu(){ System.out.println("===========普通用户菜单============"); System.out.println("您好，用户 "+this.name+":"); System.out.println("欢迎来到图书馆!"); System.out.println("1. 显示图书"); System.out.println("2. 查找图书"); System.out.println("3. 借阅图书"); System.out.println("4. 归还图书"); System.out.println("0. 退出系统"); System.out.println("================================="); Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); int choice = scanner.nextInt(); return choice; }}4. 创建操作相关的类
首先创建一个接口用于实现多态:
public interface IOperation { void work(BookList bookList);}创建添加书籍类:
public class AddOperation implements IOperation{ public void work(BookList bookList) { Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("请输入图书名称:"); String name = scanner.nextLine(); System.out.println("请输入价格:"); double price = scanner.nextDouble(); System.out.println("请输入类型:"); String type = scanner.next(); System.out.println("请输入作者:"); String author = scanner.next(); Book book = new Book(name,price,type,author); int usedSize = bookList.getUsedSize(); bookList.setBook(usedSize,book); bookList.setUsedSize(++usedSize); System.out.println("添加图书成功!"); }}创建查找书籍类:
public class FindOperation implements IOperation{ public void work(BookList bookList){ System.out.println("请输入书名:"); Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); String name = scanner.next(); for(int i=0;i<bookList.getUsedSize();i++){ Book book = bookList.getBook(i); if(name.equals(book.getName())){ System.out.println(book); return; } } System.out.println("找不到 《"+name+"》 这本书"); }}创建借阅书籍类:
public class BorrowOperation implements IOperation { public void work(BookList bookList) { System.out.println("请输入你要借阅的书籍:"); Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); String name = scanner.next(); int i = 0; for (i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize() - 1; i++) { Book book = bookList.getBook(i); if (name.equals(book.getName()) && !book.isBorrowed()) { book.setBorrowed(true); System.out.println("借阅成功!"); return; } if (name.equals(book.getName()) && book.isBorrowed()) { System.out.println("该书籍已被借出"); return; } } System.out.println("找不到你要借阅的书籍!"); }}创建归还书籍类:
public class ReturnOperation implements IOperation{ public void work(BookList bookList){ System.out.println("请输入你要归还的书籍:"); Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); String name = scanner.next(); int i=0; for(i=0;i<bookList.getUsedSize()-1;i++){ Book book = bookList.getBook(i); if(name.equals(book.getName())&& book.isBorrowed()){ book.setBorrowed(false); System.out.println("归还成功!"); return; } if(name.equals(book.getName())&& !book.isBorrowed()){ System.out.println("此书处于未借出状态!"); return; } } System.out.println("找不到你要归还的书籍!"); }}创建删除书籍类:
public class DelOperation implements IOperation{ public void work(BookList bookList) { System.out.println("请输入要删除的书名:"); Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); String name = scanner.next(); int index = 0; int i = 0; for(i=0;i<bookList.getUsedSize();i++){ Book book = bookList.getBook(i); if(name.equals(book.getName())){ index = i; break; } } if(i>=bookList.getUsedSize()) { System.out.println("找不到这本书"); return; } int j = 0; for (j = index;j< bookList.getUsedSize()-1;j++){ Book book = bookList.getBook(j+1); bookList.setBook(j,book); } bookList.setBook(bookList.getUsedSize()-1, null); bookList.setUsedSize(bookList.getUsedSize()-1); System.out.println("删除成功!"); }}创建打印书籍列表类:
public class DisplayOperation implements IOperation{ public void work(BookList bookList){ int usedSize = bookList.getUsedSize(); for (int i=0;i<usedSize;i++){ Book book = bookList.getBook(i); System.out.println(book); } }}退出系统类:
public class ExitOperation implements IOperation{ public void work(BookList bookList){ System.out.println("退出系统!"); System.exit(0); }}主函数类:
public class Main { public static User work(){ System.out.println("请输入您的姓名:"); Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); String name = scanner.nextLine(); System.out.println("请输入身份: 1-> 管理员登录 0-> 用户登录"); int choice = scanner.nextInt(); if(choice==1){ return new AdminUser(name); } return new NormalUser(name); } public static void main(String[] args) { BookList bookList = new BookList(); User user = work(); while (true) { int choice = user.menu(); user.doWork(choice, bookList); } }}感谢各位的阅读，以上就是“Java顺序表怎么实现图书管理系统”的内容了，经过本文的学习后，相信大家对Java顺序表怎么实现图书管理系统这一问题有了更深刻的体会，具体使用情况还需要大家实践验证。这里是编程网，小编将为大家推送更多相关知识点的文章，欢迎关注！
