使用@Cacheable时设置部分缓存的过期时间
业务场景
Spring Boot项目中有一些查询数据需要缓存到Redis中，其中有一些缓存是固定数据不会改变，那么就没必要设置过期时间。还有一些缓存需要每隔几分钟就更新一次，这时就需要设置过期时间。
Service层部分代码如下：
@Override
@Cacheable(cacheNames = {"distributor"}, key = "#root.methodName")
public List<CityVO> findCities() {
return distributorMapper.selectCities();
}
@Override
@Cacheable(cacheNames = {"distributor"}, key = "#root.methodName.concat('#cityId').concat(#cityId)")
public List<DistributorVO> findDistributorsByCityId(String cityId) {
return distributorMapper.selectByCityId(cityId);
}
@Override
@Cacheable(cacheNames = {"car"}, key = "#root.methodName.concat('#cityId').concat(#cityId)")
public String carList(String cityId) {
RequestData data = new RequestData();
data.setCityId(cityId);
CarListParam param = new CarListParam();
param.setRequestData(data);
String jsonParam = JSON.toJSONString(param);
return HttpClientUtil.sendPostWithJson(ApiUrlConst.MULE_APP, jsonParam);
}在使用@Cacheable注解对查询数据进行缓存时，使用cacheNames属性指定了缓存名称。下面我们就针对不同的cacheNames来设置失效时间。
添加Redis配置类RedisConfig.java
代码如下：
@Slf4j
@Configuration
@EnableCaching //启用缓存
public class RedisConfig {
@Bean
public RedisCacheManager cacheManager(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {
RedisCacheConfiguration config = RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig();
Set<String> cacheNames = new HashSet<>();
cacheNames.add("car");
cacheNames.add("distributor");
ConcurrentHashMap<String, RedisCacheConfiguration> configMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
configMap.put("car", config.entryTtl(Duration.ofMinutes(6L)));
configMap.put("distributor", config);
//需要先初始化缓存名称，再初始化其它的配置。
RedisCacheManager cacheManager = RedisCacheManager.builder(factory).initialCacheNames(cacheNames).withInitialCacheConfigurations(configMap).build();
return cacheManager;
}
}
上面代码，在configMap中指定了cacheNames为car的缓存过期时间为6分钟。
@Cacheable自定义缓存过期时间
pom
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId>
</dependency>yml
# redis配置
spring:
redis:
database: 0
host: 127.0.0.1
password: 123456
port: 6379
timeout: 5000
lettuce:
pool:
max-active: 300
max-wait: -1
max-idle: 20
min-idle: 10RedisConfig
RedisCacheManager：缓存默认不过期，所以这里返回自定RedisCacheManager
//return new RedisCacheManager(redisCacheWriter, redisCacheConfiguration);
return new CustomRedisCacheManager(redisCacheWriter, redisCacheConfiguration);
@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {
@Bean
public RedisTemplate redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {
RedisTemplate redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate();
redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);
Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
objectMapper.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
objectMapper.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(objectMapper);
redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
redisTemplate.afterPropertiesSet();
return redisTemplate;
}
@Bean
public RedisCacheManager redisCacheManager(RedisTemplate redisTemplate) {
RedisCacheWriter redisCacheWriter = RedisCacheWriter.nonLockingRedisCacheWriter(redisTemplate.getConnectionFactory());
RedisCacheConfiguration redisCacheConfiguration = RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig()
.serializeValuesWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(redisTemplate.getValueSerializer()));
//return new RedisCacheManager(redisCacheWriter, redisCacheConfiguration);
return new CustomRedisCacheManager(redisCacheWriter, redisCacheConfiguration);
}
}
CustomRedisCacheManager
自定义RedisCacheManager：若@Cacheable value中包含'#‘号，则'#'后为缓存生存时间，不存在则表示缓存不进行生存时间设置
//cacheConfig.entryTtl 设置缓存过期时间
public RedisCacheConfiguration entryTtl(Duration ttl) {
Assert.notNull(ttl, "TTL duration must not be null!");
return new RedisCacheConfiguration(ttl, this.cacheNullValues, this.usePrefix, this.keyPrefix, this.keySerializationPair, this.valueSerializationPair, this.conversionService);
}
//Duration.ofMinutes 持续时间
//这里默认是以分钟为单位，所以调用ofMinutes静态方法进行转换
public static Duration ofMinutes(long minutes) {
return create(Math.multiplyExact(minutes, SECONDS_PER_MINUTE), 0);
}
public class CustomRedisCacheManager extends RedisCacheManager {
public CustomRedisCacheManager(RedisCacheWriter cacheWriter, RedisCacheConfiguration defaultCacheConfiguration) {
super(cacheWriter, defaultCacheConfiguration);
}
@Override
protected RedisCache createRedisCache(String name, RedisCacheConfiguration cacheConfig) {
//名称中存在#标记进行到期时间配置
if (!name.isEmpty() && name.contains("#")) {
String[] SPEL = name.split("#");
if (StringUtils.isNumeric(SPEL[1])) {
//配置缓存到期时间
int cycle = Integer.parseInt(SPEL[1]);
return super.createRedisCache(SPEL[0], cacheConfig.entryTtl(Duration.ofMinutes(cycle * 24 * 60)));
}
}
return super.createRedisCache(name, cacheConfig);
}
}
使用
生存时间1天
@Cacheable(value = "cacheTest#1")
public String cacheTest() {
return "cacheTest";
}缓存持久，无过期时间
@Cacheable(value = "cacheTest")
public String cacheTest() {
return "cacheTest";
}以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持编程网。
