一 Jfreechart
- 简介
JFreeChart是JAVA平台上的一个开放的图表绘制类库。它完全使用JAVA语言编写，是为applications, applets, servlets 以及JSP等使用所设计。JFreeChart可生成饼图（pie charts）、柱状图（bar charts）、散点图（scatter plots）、时序图（time series）、甘特图（Gantt charts）等等多种图表，并且可以产生PNG和JPEG格式的输出，还可以与PDF和EXCEL关联。 - 导入依赖
<dependency> <groupId>jfreechart</groupId> <artifactId>jfreechart</artifactId> <version>1.0.0</version> </dependency>- 简单demo
public static JFreeChart createChart(CategoryDataset categoryDataset) { JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createBarChart("Test", "", "", categoryDataset, PlotOrientation.VERTICAL, false, false, false); Font labelFont = new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.TRUETYPE_FONT, 15);// Font labelFont1 = new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.TRUETYPE_FONT, 24);// jfreechart.setTextAntiAlias(false); jfreechart.setBackgroundPaint(Color.white); // 获得图表区域对象 CategoryPlot plot = jfreechart.getCategoryPlot(); // 设置横虚线可见 plot.setRangeGridlinesVisible(true); // 虚线色彩 plot.setRangeGridlinePaint(Color.gray); // 数据轴精度 NumberAxis vn = (NumberAxis) plot.getRangeAxis(); DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("#0.0"); // 数据轴数据标签的显示格式 vn.setNumberFormatOverride(df); // x轴设置 CategoryAxis domainAxis = plot.getDomainAxis(); // 轴 domainAxis.setLabelFont(labelFont); // 轴数值 domainAxis.setTickLabelFont(labelFont); // X轴过长可设置倾斜度 domainAxis.setCategoryLabelPositions(CategoryLabelPositions.createUpRotationLabelPositions(Math.PI / 3.0)); // 横轴上的 Label domainAxis.setMaximumCategoryLabelWidthRatio(6.00f); // 是否完整显示 // 设置距离图片左端距离 domainAxis.setLowerMargin(0.0); // 设置距离图片右端距离 domainAxis.setUpperMargin(0.0); // 设置 columnKey 是否间隔显示 plot.setDomainAxis(domainAxis); // 设置柱图背景色（注意，系统取色的时候要使用16位的模式来查看颜色编码，这样比较准确） plot.setBackgroundPaint(new Color(255, 255, 255, 255)); // y轴设置 ValueAxis rangeAxis = plot.getRangeAxis(); rangeAxis.setLabelFont(labelFont); rangeAxis.setTickLabelFont(labelFont); // 设置最高的一个 Item 与图片顶端的距离 rangeAxis.setUpperMargin(0.15); // 设置最低的一个 Item 与图片底端的距离 rangeAxis.setLowerMargin(0.15); plot.setRangeAxis(rangeAxis); // 解决中文乱码问题(关键) TextTitle textTitle = jfreechart.getTitle(); textTitle.setFont(new Font("黑体", Font.PLAIN, 20)); domainAxis.setTickLabelFont(new Font("sans-serif", Font.PLAIN, 15)); domainAxis.setLabelFont(new Font("宋体", Font.PLAIN, 15)); vn.setTickLabelFont(new Font("sans-serif", Font.PLAIN, 15)); vn.setLabelFont(new Font("黑体", Font.PLAIN, 15)); // 使用自定义的渲染器 CustomRenderer renderer = new CustomRenderer(); ArrayList<Double> data = new ArrayList<Double>(); data.add(99D); data.add(87D); data.add(89D); data.add(45D); data.add(78D); data.add(92D); data.add(98D); data.add(80D); renderer.setScores(data); // 设置柱子宽度 renderer.setMaximumBarWidth(0.1); // 设置柱子高度 renderer.setMinimumBarLength(0.1); // 设置柱子边框颜色 renderer.setBaseOutlinePaint(Color.BLACK); // 设置柱子边框可见 renderer.setDrawBarOutline(true); // 设置每个地区所包含的平行柱的之间距离 renderer.setItemMargin(1); jfreechart.getRenderingHints().put(RenderingHints.KEY_TEXT_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_OFF); // 显示每个柱的数值，并修改该数值的字体属性// renderer.setIncludeBaseInRange(true); renderer.setBaseItemLabelGenerator(new StandardCategoryItemLabelGenerator()); renderer.setBaseItemLabelsVisible(true); plot.setRenderer(renderer); // 设置柱的透明度 plot.setForegroundAlpha(1.0f); // 背景色 透明度 plot.setBackgroundAlpha(0.5f); return jfreechart; } public static CategoryDataset createDataset() { double[][] data = new double[][]{{1,9,0,15,9,3,4}}; String[] rowKeys = {"1"}; String[] columnKeys = {"Test1","Test2","Test3","Test4","Test5","Test6","Test7"}; return DatasetUtilities.createCategoryDataset(rowKeys, columnKeys, data); }- 启动测试
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { // 创建CategoryDataset对象 CategoryDataset dataset = createDataset(); // 根据Dataset 生成JFreeChart对象,并设置相应的样式 JFreeChart freeChart = createChart(dataset); FileOutputStream out = null; try { out = new FileOutputStream("F:\\chart110605.png"); ChartUtilities.writeChartAsPNG(out, freeChart, 800, 450);// 输出图表 System.out.println("图片运行成功"); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { out.close(); } catch (final Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } } }- 生成图片展示
第一种方式到此为止，下面上第二种
Echarts插件
- 简介
Echarts在熟悉了解前端的一定不会感到陌生，ECharts是一款基于JavaScript的数据可视化图表库，提供直观，生动，可交互，可个性化定制的数据可视化图表。ECharts最初由百度团队开源，并于2018年初捐赠给Apache基金会，成为ASF孵化级项目。
Echarts官网链接： https://echarts.apache.org/zh/index.html
Echarts插件安装包
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/19399TOP_2i3GM-wR3Q71XA
提取码：kl66
解压后里面包含phantomjs-2.1.1-windows和echarts-convert.js，进入\echarts\phantomjs-2.1.1-windows\bin目录下通过cmd命令启动phantomjs D:\toos\echarts\saintlee-echartsconvert-master\echartsconvert\echarts-convert.js -s -p 6666
- 导入依赖
<dependency> <groupId>com.github.abel533</groupId> <artifactId>Echarts</artifactId> <version>3.0.0.6</version> </dependency>- 直接上代码
这里是echarts-pojo模块（数据模型）
@Datapublic class BarParam { private Object[] barName; private Object[] barValue; private String legendName;}@Datapublic class BarData { private String title; // private BarParam barParamList; private Boolean isHorizontal; //是否水平放置 //省略get/set方法，使用lombok插件@Data}对GsonOption.java做一层封装，继承GsonOption 类
* <h3>demo</h3> * <p></p> * * @author : dkl * @date : 2023-05-12 14:13 **/@Datapublic class EnhancedOption extends GsonOption { private String filepath; private static boolean VIEW =false; private static String EXPORT_PATH =""; public void print() { GsonUtil.print(this); } public void printPretty() { GsonUtil.printPretty(this); } public void view() { if (!VIEW) { return; } if (this.filepath != null) { try { OptionUtil.browse(this.filepath); } catch (Exception e) { this.filepath = OptionUtil.browse(this); } } else { this.filepath = OptionUtil.browse(this); } } public String exportToHtml(String fileName) { return exportToHtml(EXPORT_PATH, fileName); }}请求工具类
@Slf4jpublic class HttpUtil { public static String post(String url, Map<String, String> params, String charset) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException { log.info("httpPostRequest url : " + url + " paramMap : " + params); String responseEntity = ""; // 创建CloseableHttpClient对象 CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault(); // 创建post方式请求对象 HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); // 生成请求参数 List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs = new ArrayList<>(); if (params != null) { for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) { nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue())); } } // 将参数添加到post请求中 httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs, charset)); // 发送请求，获取结果（同步阻塞） CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(httpPost); // 获取响应实体 HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); if (entity != null) { // 按指定编码转换结果实体为String类型 responseEntity = EntityUtils.toString(entity, charset); } // 释放资源 EntityUtils.consume(entity); response.close(); //System.out.println("responseEntity = " + responseEntity); return responseEntity; } public static String postUrl(String url, Map<String, Object> params, String charset) { String responseEntity = ""; // 创建CloseableHttpClient对象 CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault(); // 创建post方式请求对象 HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); // 将参数添加到post请求中 httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(JSONObject.toJSONString(params), charset)); // 发送请求，获取结果（同步阻塞） CloseableHttpResponse response = null; try { response = client.execute(httpPost); // 获取响应实体 HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); if (entity != null) { // 按指定编码转换结果实体为String类型 responseEntity = EntityUtils.toString(entity, charset); } // 释放资源 EntityUtils.consume(entity); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { response.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } return responseEntity; } public static String doPost(String url, String params) throws Exception { log.info("httpPostRequest url : " + url + " paramMap : " + params); CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault(); HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);// 创建httpPost httpPost.setHeader("Accept", "application/json"); httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json"); String charSet = "UTF-8"; StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(params, charSet); //logger.info("entity = " + entity); httpPost.setEntity(entity); CloseableHttpResponse response = null; try { response = httpclient.execute(httpPost); //logger.info("response = " + response); StatusLine status = response.getStatusLine(); int state = status.getStatusCode(); if (state == HttpStatus.SC_OK) { HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity(); String jsonString = EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity); log.info("post请求响应结果：{}", jsonString); return jsonString; } else{ log.error("请求返回:"+state+"("+url+")"); } } finally { if (response != null) { try { response.close(); } catch (IOException e) { log.error(e.getMessage()); } } try { httpclient.close(); } catch (IOException e) { log.error(e.getMessage()); } } return null; } public static String doPostJson(String url, JSONObject paramsJson) { log.info("httpPostRequest url : " + url + " paramMap : " + paramsJson); if(StringUtils.isBlank(url)){ log.error("httpPostRequest url is null"); return null; } String result = ""; try { // 创建httpClient实例 CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); // 创建httpPost远程连接实例 HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); // 配置请求参数实例 RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(10000)// 设置连接主机服务超时时间 .setConnectionRequestTimeout(10000)// 设置连接请求超时时间 .setSocketTimeout(30000)// 设置读取数据连接超时时间 .build(); // 为httpPost实例设置配置 httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig); // 设置请求头 httpPost.addHeader("content-type", "application/json;charset=utf-8"); // 封装post请求参数 httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(paramsJson.toJSONString(), Charset.forName("UTF-8"))); // httpClient对象执行post请求,并返回响应参数对象 // HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost); CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost); // 从响应对象中获取响应内容 result = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity()); //logger.info("result = {}" , result); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { log.error("URLUtil.httpPostRequest encounters an UnsupportedEncodingException : {}",e); } catch (IOException e) { log.error("URLUtil.httpPostRequest encounters an IOException : {}",e); } log.info("URLUtil.httpPostRequest -----result----: " + result); return result; }}**文件工具类**public class FileUtil { public static File generateImage(String base64, String path) throws IOException { BASE64Decoder decoder = new BASE64Decoder(); File file = new File(path); String fileName = file.getName(); System.out.println("file = " + file); //创建临时文件 //File tempFile = File.createTempFile(fileName, ".png"); //FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(tempFile);*/ try (OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(path)){ // 解密 byte[] b = decoder.decodeBuffer(base64); for (int i = 0; i < b.length; ++i) { if (b[i] < 0) { b[i] += 256; } } out.write(b); out.flush(); return file; } } public static void deleteFile(File file) { //File file = new File(); String fileName = file.getName(); // 如果文件路径所对应的文件存在，并且是一个文件，则直接删除 if (file.exists() && file.isFile()) { if (file.delete()) { System.out.println("删除单个文件" + fileName + "成功！"); } else { System.out.println("删除单个文件" + fileName + "失败！"); } } else { System.out.println("删除单个文件失败：" + fileName + "不存在！"); } }}EchartsUtil.java：将option转化为图片编码base64
public class EchartsUtil {// private static String url = "http://localhost:6666"; private static final String SUCCESS_CODE = "1"; public static String generateEchartsBase64(String option, String url) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException { String base64 = ""; if (option == null) { return base64; } option = option.replaceAll("\\s+", "").replaceAll("\"", "'"); // 将option字符串作为参数发送给echartsConvert服务器 Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<>(); params.put("opt", option); String response = HttpUtil.post(url, params, "utf-8"); // 解析echartsConvert响应 JSONObject responseJson = JSONObject.parseObject(response); String code = responseJson.getString("code"); // 如果echartsConvert正常返回 if (SUCCESS_CODE.equals(code)) { base64 = responseJson.getString("data"); } // 未正常返回 else { String string = responseJson.getString("msg"); throw new RuntimeException(string); } return base64; }}生成柱状图
public static GsonOption createBar(BarData barData){ String title = barData.getTitle(); boolean isHorizontal = barData.getIsHorizontal(); Object[] xdatas = barData.getBarParamList().getBarName(); Object[] ydatas = barData.getBarParamList().getBarValue(); String legendName = barData.getBarParamList().getLegendName(); Bar bar = new Bar(); //图类别（柱状图） //title EnhancedOption option = new EnhancedOption(); option.title(title); // option.title().textStyle().fontSize(15).color("#000000").fontWeight("bolder"); //工具栏 toolbox option.toolbox().show(true).feature(Tool.mark, //辅助线 Tool.dataView, //数据视图 new MagicType(Magic.line, Magic.bar), //线图，柱状图切换 Tool.restore, //还原 Tool.saveAsImage //保存图片 ); option.toolbox().show(true).feature(); //tooltip option.tooltip().show(true).formatter("{a}
{b} : {c}"); //显示工具提示，设置提示格式 //legend Legend legend = new Legend(); TextStyle textStyle = new TextStyle(); textStyle.color("red"); textStyle.fontSize(10); textStyle.fontWeight("bolder"); legend.setData(Collections.singletonList(legendName)); legend.setTextStyle(textStyle);// legend.setBorderWidth(100); option.setLegend(legend); //图例 //axisLabel AxisLabel axisLabel = new AxisLabel(); TextStyle textStyle1 = new TextStyle(); textStyle1.fontSize(10); textStyle1.fontWeight("bolder"); axisLabel.show(true); axisLabel.textStyle(textStyle1); axisLabel.setRotate(40); axisLabel.setInterval(0); //axisLine AxisLine axisLine = new AxisLine(); LineStyle lineStyle = new LineStyle(); lineStyle.color("#000000"); lineStyle.width(4); axisLine.lineStyle(lineStyle); //xAxis CategoryAxis category = new CategoryAxis();// 轴分类 category.data(xdatas);// 轴数据类别 category.axisLabel(axisLabel); // x轴文字样式 category.axisLine(axisLine); //x轴样式 //yAxis ValueAxis valueAxis = new ValueAxis(); valueAxis.setName("次数"); valueAxis.axisLabel().show(true).textStyle().fontSize(15).fontWeight("bolder"); //y轴文字样式 valueAxis.axisLine().lineStyle().color("#315070").width(4); //y轴样式 //series bar.name(legendName); Normal normal = new Normal(); normal.setShow(true); if(barData.getIsHorizontal() == false){ normal.position(Position.inside); }else { normal.position(Position.top); } normal.color("green"); normal.textStyle().color("red").fontSize(15).fontWeight("bolder"); bar.setBarWidth("70"); //柱条宽度// bar.setBarMaxWidth(100); //柱条最大宽度 //bar.setBarMinHeight(10); //柱条最小高度 bar.label().normal(normal); //循环数据 for(int i = 0;i < xdatas.length;i++){ int data = (int) ydatas[i]; String color = "rgb(251,153,2)"; //类目对应的柱状图 Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>(2); map.put("value", data); map.put("itemStyle", new ItemStyle().normal(new Normal().color(color))); bar.data(map); } if(isHorizontal){ //横轴为类别，纵轴为值 option.xAxis(category); //x轴 option.yAxis(valueAxis); //y轴 }else { //横轴为值，纵轴为类别 option.xAxis(valueAxis); //x轴 option.yAxis(category); //y轴 } option.series(bar); return option; }- 启动测试
@Slf4jpublic class EchartBar { private static String requestUrl= "http://127.0.0.1:6666"; private static String imgUrl= "F:/"; public static void main(String[] args) { BarData barData = new BarData(); barData.setTitle("Test"); barData.setIsHorizontal(true); BarParam barParam = new BarParam(); String[] columnKeys = {"Test1","Test2","Test3","Test4","Test5","Test6","Test7"}; barParam.setBarName(columnKeys); Object[] data ={1,9,0,15,9,3,4}; barParam.setBarValue(data); barData.setBarParamList(barParam); GsonOption option = createBar(barData); String optionStr = JSONObject.toJSONString(option); log.error(optionStr); if(optionStr == null || "".equals(optionStr)){ return; } try { String base64 = EchartsUtil.generateEchartsBase64(optionStr, requestUrl); log.info("base64：" + base64); long nowStr = Calendar.getInstance().getTimeInMillis(); //图片名 String imageName = JDate.getDuanshijian(new JDate(),"yyyy-MM-dd_HH_mm_ss") +".png"; log.info("bar图片：" + imageName); File oldfile = FileUtil.generateImage(base64, imgUrl+imageName); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }- 生成图片展示
两种方案到这就都实现了，来讲一下这两种的优缺点吧
- JFreeChart 方便快捷，不需要自己去安装启动什么服务，而Echarts插件需要安装启动一个服务
- JFreeChart 生成的图片清晰度感觉不是很清晰，Echarts的X轴字符太多导致展示不齐全
来源地址：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_55518591/article/details/130678710
