本篇内容主要讲解“SpringMVC如何实现文件上传下载”，感兴趣的朋友不妨来看看。本文介绍的方法操作简单快捷，实用性强。下面就让小编来带大家学习“SpringMVC如何实现文件上传下载”吧!
一、通用配置
pom.xml
<dependencies> <!-- SpringMVC --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>5.3.13</version> </dependency> <!-- 日志 --> <dependency> <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId> <version>1.2.3</version> </dependency> <!-- ServletAPI --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>4.0.1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <!-- Spring5和Thymeleaf整合包 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId> <artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5</artifactId> <version>3.0.12.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-fileupload/commons-fileupload --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.3.1</version> </dependency><!-- springMVC end--> <!-- 导入spring坐标--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>5.3.11</version> </dependency><!-- 导入测试坐标--> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- 测试坐标--><!-- 导入集成测试坐标--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>5.3.13</version> </dependency> <!-- 集成测试坐标end--> <!-- 导入mysql坐标--> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>8.0.24</version> </dependency> <!-- mysql坐标end--> <!-- 导入druid连接池--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>1.2.8</version> </dependency> <!-- 导入druid连接池end--> <!-- 导入spring上下文--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>5.3.11</version> </dependency> <!-- 导入spring上下文end--><!-- 导入spring web开发api start--> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>4.0.1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.3.3</version> </dependency> <!-- 导入spring web开发end--><!-- 导入jackson的依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.12.1</version> </dependency> <!--上传功能的关键jar --> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-fileupload/commons-fileupload --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.3.1</version> </dependency> </dependencies>上传功能的关键jar
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd" version="4.0"> <!--配置springMVC的编码过滤器--> <!-- SpringMVC中处理编码的过滤器一定要配置到其他过滤器之前，否则无效--> <!-- 字符集过滤器 --> <filter> <description>字符集过滤器</description> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <description>字符集编码</description> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <!-- 字符集拦截 --> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <filter> <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 注册前端控制器DispatcherServlet--> <servlet> <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springMVC.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping></web-app>springMVC.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!-- 扫描组件--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.vector"/> <!-- 配置Thymeleaf视图解析器 --> <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.view.ThymeleafViewResolver"> <property name="order" value="1"/> <property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8"/> <property name="templateEngine"> <bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.SpringTemplateEngine"> <property name="templateResolver"> <bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.templateresolver.SpringResourceTemplateResolver"> <!-- 视图前缀 --> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/templates/"/> <!-- 视图后缀 --> <property name="suffix" value=".html"/> <property name="templateMode" value="HTML5"/> <property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8" /> </bean> </property> </bean> </property> </bean> <!-- 处理响应中文内容乱码 --> <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter"> <property name="defaultCharset" value="UTF-8" /> <property name="supportedMediaTypes"> <list> <value>text/html</value> <value>application/json</value> </list> </property> </bean> <mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="index"/> <mvc:view-controller path="/file" view-name="file"/> <mvc:default-servlet-handler/> <mvc:annotation-driven/> <!--必须通过文件解析器的解析才能将文件转换为MultipartFile对象--> <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"></bean></beans>实现页面跳转,vue文件解析,上传内容解析的关键
file.html内容demo
<body><a th:href="@{/testDown}" rel="external nofollow" >下载1.jpg</a><form th:action="@{/testUp}" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"> 头像: <input type="file" name="photo"><br> <input type="submit" value="上传"></form></body>二、实现文件下载,上传功能
package com.vector.controller;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.util.MultiValueMap;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;import javax.annotation.Resource;import javax.servlet.ServletContext;import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.util.UUID;@Controllerpublic class FileUpAndDownController { @RequestMapping("/testDown") public ResponseEntity<byte[]> testResponseEntity(HttpSession session) throws IOException { //获取ServletContext对象 ServletContext servletContext = session.getServletContext(); //获取服务器中文件的真实路径 String realPath = servletContext.getRealPath("/static/img/1.jpg"); //创建输入流 InputStream is = new FileInputStream(realPath); //创建字节数组 byte[] bytes = new byte[is.available()]; //将流读到字节数组中 is.read(bytes); //创建HttpHeaders对象设置响应头信息 MultiValueMap<String, String> headers = new HttpHeaders(); //设置要下载方式以及下载文件的名字 //Content-Disposition 固定回复内容格式 attachment以附件形式下载 filename=1.jpg文件名 //可以将filename拼接为动态命名 headers.add("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=1.jpg"); //设置响应状态码 HttpStatus statusCode = HttpStatus.OK; //创建ResponseEntity对象 ResponseEntity<byte[]> responseEntity = new ResponseEntity<>(bytes, headers, statusCode); //关闭输入流 is.close(); return responseEntity; } @RequestMapping("/testUp") public String testUp(@Value("multipartResolver") MultipartFile photo,HttpSession session) throws IOException { //获取上传的文件的文件名 String fileName = photo.getOriginalFilename(); //处理文件重名问题 //重名问题是java.io中写入同一文件默认覆盖原文件内容导致图片被覆盖. //获取文件名后缀 String suffixName = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(".")); //将UUID作为文件名 uuid是32位随机数,几乎不可能会重复 fileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString() + suffixName; //获取服务器中photo目录的路径 ServletContext servletContext = session.getServletContext(); String photoPath = servletContext.getRealPath("photo"); File file = new File(photoPath); //判断服务器是否存在该路径 if(!file.exists()){ file.mkdir(); } String finalPath = photoPath + File.separator + fileName; //实现上传功能 photo.transferTo(new File(finalPath)); return "success"; }}下载功能测试
上传功能测试
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