下载驱动器
http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html
下载与谷歌版本相同或最近版本。
chrome版本查看
帮助中查看
导包
from selenium import webdriver
创建浏览器对象(以chrome为例)
driverpath = r' '# 驱动器路径(chromedriver.exe)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=driverpath)
demo
import time
from selenium import webdriver
url = 'https://www.baidu.com'
driverPath = r'' # 驱动器路径
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=driverPath)
driver.get(url)
driver.maximize_window() # 最大化页面
time.sleep(3)
driver.quit()
![[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-mAD8Kk8G-1641714144495)(C:\Users\29273\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20220109142353225.png)]](/file/upload/202211/12/m22eeikxxvt.jpg)
基本函数
尺寸，位置
driver.minimize_window() #最大化页面
driver.minimize_window() #最小化页面
driver.set_window_size(200, 100) #设置窗口大小
print('窗口尺寸:' + str(driver.get_window_size())) #窗口大小
driver.set_window_position(200, 300) # 设置窗口位置
关闭
driver.quit()
driver.close()
页面基本操作
driver.get(url) # 获取一个页面
driver.back() # 回退
driver.forward() # 前进
demo
import time
from selenium import webdriver
url1 = 'https://www.baidu.com'
url2 = 'https://www.bilibili.com'
driverPath = r'C:\Users\29273\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\chromedriver.exe'
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=driverPath)
driver.set_window_position(200, 300)
driver.get(url1)
time.sleep(5)
driver.get(url2)
time.sleep(5)
driver.back()
time.sleep(5)
driver.close()
元素定位以及数据输入
div标签中的属性来进行定位
id,classname,name,tagname,partial link text,link text,css selector
例如下列a标签中的classname为username
driver.find_element_by_class_name("username")
![[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-sp1IfBu5-1641714144496)(C:\Users\29273\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20220109151957230.png)]](/file/upload/202211/12/bcgepf2effi.jpg)
driver.find_element_by_class_name("btn.btn_big.btn_error")
![[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-qRsrR3ep-1641714144497)(C:\Users\29273\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20220109152601231.png)]](/file/upload/202211/12/msln4uazu5o.jpg)
# 部分函数
driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[3]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd/div[1]/a')
driver.find_element_by_css_selector('body > div.wrap > div.main_wrap > div.main.cc > div.main_sidebar > div.box_wrap.user_info > dl > dd > div.name > a')
driver.find_element_by_id(value)
driver.find_element_by_name(value)
driver.find_element_by_class_name(value)
driver.find_element_by_tag_name(value)
driver.find_element_by_link_text(value)
driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text(value)
对数据框输入数据
driver.find_element_by_name("username").send_keys("giao")
点击事件
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="J_register_form"]/div/dl[5]/dd/button').click()
练习一（简单网页注册）
http://47.107.178.45/phpwind/
import time
from selenium import webdriver
url = r'http://47.107.178.45/phpwind/'
driverPath = r'C:\Users\29273\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\chromedriver.exe'
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=driverPath)
driver.get(url)
registerBtn = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="J_login_form"]/dl/dd[2]/a')
registerBtn.click()
time.sleep(5)
driver.find_element_by_name("username").send_keys("giao")
driver.find_element_by_name("password").send_keys("giaogiao")
driver.find_element_by_name("repassword").send_keys('giaogiao')
driver.find_element_by_name("email").send_keys('giao@qq.com')
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="J_register_form"]/div/dl[5]/dd/button').click()
time.sleep(10)
driver.quit()
练习二
打开某民宿网站->输入城市->选择人数->点击查看详情
import time
from selenium import webdriver
city = input('请输入你想查询的城市：')
adult = input('请输入大人人数：')
teen = input('请输入孩子人人数：')
baby = input('请输入婴儿人数：')
url = "https://www.airbnb.cn/?logo=1"
driverPath = r'C:\Users\29273\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\chromedriver.exe'
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=driverPath)
driver.get(url)
city_input = driver.find_element_by_id("Koan-via-HeaderController__input")
city_input.send_keys(city + "\n")
time.sleep(5)
driver.find_element_by_name("query").click()
time.sleep(3)
for i in range(int(adult)):
driver.find_element_by_xpath(
'//*[@id="menuItemComponent-guest_picker"]/div/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div[3]/button').click()
time.sleep(4)
for i in range(int(teen)):
driver.find_element_by_xpath(
'//*[@id="menuItemComponent-guest_picker"]/div/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div[3]/button').click()
time.sleep(3)
for i in range(int(baby)):
driver.find_element_by_xpath(
'//*[@id="menuItemComponent-guest_picker"]/div/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div[3]/div/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div[3]/button').click()
time.sleep(5)
driver.find_element_by_class_name("_fhph4u")[0].click()
time.sleep(20)
练习三
爬取某站入站必看视频信息
import time
from selenium import webdriver
url = 'https://www.baidu.com'
driverPath = r'C:\Users\29273\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\chromedriver.exe'
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=driverPath)
res = driver.find_elements_by_class_name("video-card")
for i in range(len(res)):
print('第' + str(i) + '个视频')
print('up主：' + str(res[i].find_element_by_class_name("up-name__text").text))
print('视频名称：' + str(res[i].find_element_by_class_name("video-name").text))
print('视频播放量：' + str(res[i].find_element_by_class_name("play-text").text))
print('评论数：' + str(res[i].find_element_by_class_name("like-text").text))
print('note：' + str(res[i].find_element_by_class_name("history-hint").text))
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