配置路由
1 新建一个项目， 创建一个app01和stark应用，stark创建一个service包，并在service下创建stark.py。然后注册app
2 仿照site.py的注册代码，写stark.py代码：
class ModelStark(object):
def __init__(self, model, site):
self.model = model
self.site = site
class StarkSite(object):
def __init__(self):
self._registry = {}
def register(self, model, stark_class=None):
if not stark_class:
stark_class = ModelStark
self._registry[model] = stark_class(model, self)
site = StarkSite()3 stark应用下的app.py代码：
from django.apps import AppConfig
from django.utils.module_loading import autodiscover_modules
class StarkConfig(AppConfig):
name = 'stark'
def ready(self):
autodiscover_modules('stark')4 app01 下model.py：
class UserInfo(models.Model):
name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
age=models.IntegerField()
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class Book(models.Model):
title=models.CharField(max_length=32)
def __str__(self):
return self.title5 在app01下stark.py的注册模型：
from stark.service.stark import site, ModelStark
from .models import *
site.register(Book)
site.register(UserInfo)
print("_registry", site._registry)6 在项目的urls.py写路由。
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from stark.service.stark import site
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^stark/', site.urls),
]7 在service下stark.py写整套urls路由
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse,render
class ModelStark(object):
def __init__(self, model, site):
self.model = model
self.site = site
class StarkSite(object):
def __init__(self):
self._registry = {}
def register(self, model, stark_class=None):
if not stark_class:
stark_class = ModelStark
self._registry[model] = stark_class(model, self)
def add(self, request):
return HttpResponse("add")
def delete(self, request, id):
return HttpResponse("delete")
def change(self, request, id):
return HttpResponse("change")
def list_view(self, request):
return HttpResponse("list_view")
def get_urls2(self):
temp = []
# 添加每个app/model的增删改查url
temp.append(url(r'^add/', self.add))
temp.append(url(r'^(\d+)/delete/', self.delete))
temp.append(url(r'^(\d+)/change/', self.change))
temp.append(url(r'^$', self.list_view))
return temp
@property
def urls2(self):
return self.get_urls2(), None, None
def get_urls(self):
temp = []
for model, stark_class_obj in self._registry.items():
model_name = model._meta.model_name
app_label = model._meta.app_label
# 添加路由
# url(r'app01/user/',)
temp.append(url(r'^%s/%s/' % (app_label, model_name), self.urls2))
return temp
@property
def urls(self):
return self.get_urls(), None, None
site = StarkSite()此时运行项目，就会有stark开头的8条路由。但是每个模型的增删改查的返回数据一样，我们要做到根据不同的app和model返回对应的数据，因此要把增删改查的路由重新划分。
8 在service下stark.py修改urls路由，此时的代码：
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse,render
class ModelStark(object):
def __init__(self, model, site):
self.model = model
self.site = site
def add(self, request):
return HttpResponse("add")
def delete(self, request, id):
return HttpResponse("delete")
def change(self, request, id):
return HttpResponse("change")
def list_view(self, request):
return HttpResponse("list_view")
def get_urls2(self):
temp = []
# 添加每个app/model的增删改查url
temp.append(url(r'^add/', self.add))
temp.append(url(r'^(\d+)/delete/', self.delete))
temp.append(url(r'^(\d+)/change/', self.change))
temp.append(url(r'^$', self.list_view))
return temp
@property
def urls2(self):
return self.get_urls2(), None, None
class StarkSite(object):
def __init__(self):
self._registry = {}
def register(self, model, stark_class=None):
if not stark_class:
stark_class = ModelStark
self._registry[model] = stark_class(model, self)
def get_urls(self):
temp = []
for model, stark_class_obj in self._registry.items():
model_name = model._meta.model_name
app_label = model._meta.app_label
# 添加路由
# url(r'app01/user/',)
temp.append(url(r'^%s/%s/' % (app_label, model_name), stark_class_obj.urls2))
return temp
@property
def urls(self):
return self.get_urls(), None, None
site = StarkSite()因为每个app和模型类的数据不一样以及各自定制的显示方式不一样，所以对于增删改查就要分开对待，因此就把增删改查放到ModelStark类中，既然四个视图函数都放到ModelStark中了，把调用他们的get_urls2也放进去，这样方便调用，其实就是把self和调用对象保持一致。get_urls2都放进去了，urls2也顺便放进去吧，正好他们是一套。
把他们放到ModelStark的目的就是根据不同的app和model以及他们在注册时定制的配置类显示对应的数据和展示方式。下面的增删改查都会在ModelStark类中进行配置，并且有一个对象会一致被调用：stark_class_obj
假设app01 下stark.py为Book模型定制一个配置类，Userinfo不配置：
class BookConfig(ModelStark):
pass
site.register(Book, BookConfig)
site.register(UserInfo) 
此时的路由算是配置好了，后面再设置反向解析，下面开始配置视图。
list_display
首先先看下ModelStark类中的self.model
1 向UserIfo表中，填充一些数据。并写Userinfo配置类：
class UserConfig(ModelStark):
list_display = ["name", "age"]在service/stark.py的ModelStark类中添加代码：
class ModelStark(object):
list_display = []
.....
def list_view(self, request):
print(self.model) # UserInfo
print(self.list_display) # ["name", "age"]
# 获取userinfo 的数据
data_list = self.model.objects.all() # ["obj1", "obj2",.....]
# 定义一个新的数据列表 格式：
"""
[
["name", "age"]
["name", "age"]
.......
]
"""
new_data_list = []
for obj in data_list: # 获取data_list中的每一个对象
temp = [] # 定义一个内层列表，存储一个对象所有字段的值
for field in self.list_display: # 获取每一个要展示的字段 ["name", "age"]
val = getattr(obj, field) # field是字符串，利用反射获取对象每个字段的值，
temp.append(val)
new_data_list.append(temp)
return render(request, 'list.html', locals())
........添加list.html文件，代码：
<body>
<h3>数据列表</h3>
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-9">
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped">
<thead></thead>
<tbody>
{% for data_list in new_data_list %}
<tr>
{% for data in data_list %}
<td>{{ data }}</td>
{% endfor %}
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>访问/strak/app01/userinfo,此时页面就能显示数据了
2 此时想在每一列的后面放在编辑按钮。
在app01/strak.py中给添加一个方法，使每一条数据都有一个编辑按钮。
from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
........
class UserConfig(ModelStark):
def edit(self):
user_id = obj.id
return mark_safe("<a>编辑</a>")
list_display = ["name", "age", edit]
......在service/stark.py的list_view中修改代码：
def list_view(self, request):
print(self.model) # UserInfo
print(self.list_display) # ["name", "age"]
# 获取userinfo 的数据
data_list = self.model.objects.all() # ["obj1", "obj2",.....]
# 定义一个新的数据列表 格式：
"""
[
["name", "age"]
["name", "age"]
.......
]
"""
new_data_list = []
for obj in data_list: # 获取data_list中的每一个对象
temp = [] # 定义一个内层列表，存储一个对象所有字段的值
for field in self.list_display: # 获取每一个要展示的字段 ["name", "age"]
if callable(field): # 判断字段是否可被调用
val = field(self)
else:
val = getattr(obj, field) # field是字符串，利用反射获取对象每个字段的值，
temp.append(val)
new_data_list.append(temp)
return render(request, 'list.html', locals())此时访问/strak/app01/userinfo
3 此时每一列的后面都有一个编辑连接，但是并不能跳转到对应编辑页面，因此修改url，修改app01/strak.py中的edit方法。
def edit(self, obj):
user_id = obj.id
return mark_safe("<a href='/stark/app01/userinfo/%s/change/'>编辑</a>" % user_id)edit方法需要一个obj参数来获取用户id，在service/stark.py的list_view中给它传递，
def list_view(self, request):
print(self.model) # UserInfo
print(self.list_display) # ["name", "age"]
# 获取userinfo 的数据
data_list = self.model.objects.all() # ["obj1", "obj2",.....]
# 定义一个新的数据列表 格式：
"""
[
["name", "age"]
["name", "age"]
.......
]
"""
new_data_list = []
for obj in data_list: # 获取data_list中的每一个对象
temp = [] # 定义一个内层列表，存储一个对象所有字段的值
for field in self.list_display: # 获取每一个要展示的字段 ["name", "age"]
if callable(field): # 判断字段是否可被调用
val = field(self, obj) # 给自定义方法传递参数
else:
val = getattr(obj, field) # field是字符串，利用反射获取对象每个字段的值，
temp.append(val)
new_data_list.append(temp)
return render(request, 'list.html', locals())此时访问/strak/app01/userinfo，发现每一个编辑按钮都能跳到对应的编辑页面。
4 但是这样写url地址并不是最完美的，然而这样也行，为了更加完美，那就使用反向解析。
修改service/stark.py中get_urls2：
def get_urls2(self):
temp = [] # 添加每个app/model的增删改查url
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
temp.append(url(r'^add/', self.add, name="%s_%s_add" % (app_label, model_name)))
temp.append(url(r'^(\d+)/delete/', self.delete, name="%s_%s_delete" % (app_label, model_name)))
temp.append(url(r'^(\d+)/change/', self.change, name="%s_%s_change" % (app_label, model_name)))
temp.append(url(r'^$', self.list_view, name="%s_%s_list" % (app_label, model_name)))
return temp修改app01/strak.py中的edit：
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
class UserConfig(ModelStark):
def edit(self, obj):
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_change" % (app_label, model_name), args=(obj.id,))
return mark_safe("<a href='%s'>编辑</a>" % _url)此时再访问/strak/app01/userinfo，发现每一个编辑按钮都能跳到对应的编辑页面。
5 既然编辑都完成了，那就再添加一个删除和checkbox，简直易如反掌。
修改app01/strak.py：
class UserConfig(ModelStark):
def edit(self, obj):
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_change" % (app_label, model_name), args=(obj.id,))
return mark_safe("<a href='%s'>编辑</a>" % _url)
def deletes(self, obj):
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_delete" % (app_label, model_name), args=(obj.id,))
return mark_safe("<a href='%s'>删除</a>" % _url)
def checkbox(self, obj):
return mark_safe("<input type='checkbox'>")
list_display = [ checkbox, "name", "age", edit, deletes]此时访问/strak/app01/userinfo，页面效果：
5 但是，如果某个模型类没有定制自己的配置类，也能展示自己的默认字段，并且也有复选框、编辑和删除功能。
把app01/strak.py中的edit、delete、checkbox三个方法全部剪切放到service/stark.py的ModelStark类中，然后把list_display改为list_display = ["__str__"]。为了保证每个模型字段和checkbox、编辑、删除的展示顺序，定义一个new_list_display方法，动态的获取所有的展示字段。具体代码：
class ModelStark(object):
list_display = ["__str__"]
def __init__(self, model, site):
self.model = model
self.site = site
def edit(self, obj):
"""编辑按钮"""
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_change" % (app_label, model_name), args=(obj.id,))
return mark_safe("<a href='%s'>编辑</a>" % _url)
def deletes(self, obj):
"""删除按钮"""
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_delete" % (app_label, model_name), args=(obj.id,))
return mark_safe("<a href='%s'>删除</a>" % _url)
def checkbox(self, obj):
"""复选框"""
return mark_safe("<input type='checkbox'>")
def add(self, request):
return HttpResponse("add")
def delete(self, request, id):
return HttpResponse("delete")
def change(self, request, id):
return HttpResponse("change")
def new_list_display(self):
temp = []
temp.append(ModelStark.checkbox)
temp.extend(self.list_display)
temp.append(ModelStark.edit)
temp.append(ModelStark.deletes)
return temp
def list_view(self, request):
"""列表展示页"""
print(self.model) # UserInfo
print(self.list_display) # ["name", "age"]
# 获取userinfo 的数据
data_list = self.model.objects.all() # ["obj1", "obj2",.....]
# 定义一个新的数据列表 格式：
"""
[
["name", "age"]
["name", "age"]
.......
]
"""
new_data_list = []
for obj in data_list: # 获取data_list中的每一个对象
temp = [] # 定义一个内层列表，存储一个对象所有字段的值
for field in self.new_list_display(): # 获取每一个要展示的字段 ["name", "age"]
if callable(field): # 判断字段是否可被调用
val = field(self, obj) # 给自定义方法传递参数
else:
val = getattr(obj, field) # field是字符串，利用反射获取对象每个字段的值，
temp.append(val)
new_data_list.append(temp)
return render(request, 'list.html', locals())
..........此时访问/strak/app01/userinfo和/strak/app01/book，都能展示复选框、默认字段、编辑、删除。
现在表单数据有了，但是表头还没有，那获取表头数据。如果是复选框列，也在表头发一个复选框；如果是编辑或者删除，表头就显示操作；如果是其他就显示字段名称。
6 修改service/stark.py中checkbox、edit、deletes方法，判断获取的是表头还是表单
def edit(self, obj=None, header=False):
"""编辑按钮"""
if header: # 判断是不是表头
return "操作"
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_change" % (app_label, model_name), args=(obj.id,))
return mark_safe("<a href='%s'>编辑</a>" % _url)
def deletes(self, obj=None, header=False):
"""删除按钮"""
if header: # 判断是不是表头
return "操作"
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_delete" % (app_label, model_name), args=(obj.id,))
return mark_safe("<a href='%s'>删除</a>" % _url)
def checkbox(self, obj=None, header=False):
"""复选框"""
if header: # 判断是不是表头
return mark_safe("<input id='all_select' type='checkbox'>")
return mark_safe("<input class='select' type='checkbox'>")7 修改service/stark.py中view_list方法，添加获取表头的代码;
# 获取表头信息
# 定义一个列表，格式：["复选框", name , age, "操作"....]
head_list = []
for field in self.new_list_display(): # [checkbox,__str__, name,age,edit,deletes......]
if callable(field):
val = field(self, header=True)
head_list.append(val)
else:
if field == '__str__':
val = self.model._meta.model_name.upper() # 返回模型类的名称
else:
val = self.model._meta.get_field(field).verbose_name # 获取字段的verbose_name，不存在就返回Model勒种定义的field名称
head_list.append(val)此时ModelStark类的代码：
class ModelStark(object):
list_display = ["__str__"]
def __init__(self, model, site):
self.model = model
self.site = site
def edit(self, obj=None, header=False):
"""编辑按钮"""
if header: # 判断是不是表头
return "操作"
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_change" % (app_label, model_name), args=(obj.id,))
return mark_safe("<a href='%s'>编辑</a>" % _url)
def deletes(self, obj=None, header=False):
"""删除按钮"""
if header: # 判断是不是表头
return "操作"
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_delete" % (app_label, model_name), args=(obj.id,))
return mark_safe("<a href='%s'>删除</a>" % _url)
def checkbox(self, obj=None, header=False):
"""复选框"""
if header: # 判断是不是表头
return mark_safe("<input id='all_select' type='checkbox'>")
return mark_safe("<input class='select' type='checkbox'>")
def add(self, request):
return HttpResponse("add")
def delete(self, request, id):
return HttpResponse("delete")
def change(self, request, id):
return HttpResponse("change")
def new_list_display(self):
temp = []
temp.append(ModelStark.checkbox)
temp.extend(self.list_display)
temp.append(ModelStark.edit)
temp.append(ModelStark.deletes)
return temp
def list_view(self, request):
"""列表展示页"""
print(self.model) # UserInfo
print(self.list_display) # ["name", "age"]
# 获取userinfo 的数据
data_list = self.model.objects.all() # ["obj1", "obj2",.....]
# 获取表头信息
# 定义一个列表，格式：["复选框", name , age, "操作"....]
head_list = []
for field in self.new_list_display(): # [checkbox,__str__, name,age,edit,deletes......]
if callable(field):
val = field(self, header=True)
head_list.append(val)
else:
if field == '__str__':
val = self.model._meta.model_name.upper() # 返回模型类的名称
else:
val = self.model._meta.get_field(field).verbose_name # 获取字段的verbose_name，不存在就返回Model勒种定义的field名称
head_list.append(val)
# 获取表单信息
# 定义一个新的数据列表 格式：
"""
[
["name", "age"]
["name", "age"]
.......
]
"""
new_data_list = []
for obj in data_list: # 获取data_list中的每一个对象
temp = [] # 定义一个内层列表，存储一个对象所有字段的值
for field in self.new_list_display(): # 获取每一个要展示的字段 ["name", "age"]
if callable(field): # 判断字段是否可被调用
val = field(self, obj) # 给自定义方法传递参数
else:
val = getattr(obj, field) # field是字符串，利用反射获取对象每个字段的值，
temp.append(val)
new_data_list.append(temp)
return render(request, 'list.html', locals())
def get_urls2(self):
temp = [] # 添加每个app/model的增删改查url
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
temp.append(url(r'^add/', self.add, name="%s_%s_add" % (app_label, model_name)))
temp.append(url(r'^(\d+)/delete/', self.delete, name="%s_%s_delete" % (app_label, model_name)))
temp.append(url(r'^(\d+)/change/', self.change, name="%s_%s_change" % (app_label, model_name)))
temp.append(url(r'^$', self.list_view, name="%s_%s_list" % (app_label, model_name)))
return temp
@property
def urls2(self):
return self.get_urls2(), None, None8 修改list.html的代码，并添加复选框的点击事件：
<body>
<h3>数据列表</h3>
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-9">
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
{% for head_name in head_list %}
<td>{{ head_name }}</td>
{% endfor %}
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for data_list in new_data_list %}
<tr class="data-list">
{% for data in data_list %}
<td>{{ data }}</td>
{% endfor %}
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script>
// 全选事件
$("#all_select").click(function () {
if ($(this).prop("checked")){
$(".select").prop("checked", true)
}
else {
$(".select").prop("checked", false)
}
});
// 每列复选框的点击事件
$(".data-list").find(":checkbox").change(function () {
all_len = $(".data-list").length;
checked_len = $(".data-list").find(":checked").length;
if (checked_len < all_len){
$("#all_select").prop("checked", false)
}
else{
$("#all_select").prop("checked", true)
}
})
</script>
</body>此时访问/strak/app01/userinfo和/strak/app01/book，表头和表单都有数据了。
list_display_links
首先判断模型类有没有配置list_display_links，如果没有就显示编辑列，如果指定了可点击的字段，那就把这个字段变成可点击的a标签,再把编辑列去掉。
在ModelStart类中，添加类属性list_display_links=[]，然后修改new_list_display方法，
1 修改list_viwe中获取表单数据的代码，ModelStart类的部分代码：
class ModelStark(object):
list_display = ["__str__"]
list_display_links = []
......
def new_list_display(self):
temp = []
temp.append(ModelStark.checkbox)
temp.extend(self.list_display)
if not self.list_display_links: # 判断是否指定了可点击的列
temp.append(ModelStark.edit)
temp.append(ModelStark.deletes)
return temp
def list_view(self, request):
"""列表展示页"""
# print(self.model) # UserInfo
# print(self.list_display) # ["name", "age"]
# 获取userinfo 的数据
data_list = self.model.objects.all() # ["obj1", "obj2",.....]
# 获取表头信息
# 定义一个列表，格式：["复选框", name , age, "操作"....]
head_list = []
for field in self.new_list_display(): # [checkbox,__str__, name,age,edit,deletes......]
if callable(field):
val = field(self, header=True)
head_list.append(val)
else:
if field == '__str__':
val = self.model._meta.model_name.upper() # 返回模型类的名称
else:
val = self.model._meta.get_field(field).verbose_name # 获取字段的verbose_name，不存在就返回Model勒种定义的field名称
head_list.append(val)
# 获取表单信息
# 定义一个新的数据列表 格式：
"""
[
["name", "age"]
["name", "age"]
.......
]
"""
new_data_list = []
# print(ModelStark.list_display_links)
for obj in data_list: # 获取data_list中的每一个对象
temp = [] # 定义一个内层列表，存储一个对象所有字段的值
for field in self.new_list_display(): # 获取每一个要展示的字段 ["name", "age"]
if callable(field): # 判断字段是否可被调用
val = field(self, obj) # 给自定义方法传递参数
else:
val = getattr(obj, field) # field是字符串，利用反射获取对象每个字段的值，
if field in self.list_display_links: # 判断字段是否在list_display_links中，
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_change" % (app_label, model_name), args=(obj.id,))
val = mark_safe("<a href='%s'>%s</a>" % (_url, val))
temp.append(val)
new_data_list.append(temp)
return render(request, 'list.html', locals())
...... 2 在app01/strak.py中修改Userinfo的配置类：
class UserConfig(ModelStark):
list_display = ["name", "age"]
list_display_links = ["name"]访问/strak/app01/userinfo，
效果有了，但是下面的代码在很多地方重复使用：
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_change" % (app_label, model_name), args=(obj.id,))
val = mark_safe("<a href='%s'>%s</a>" % (_url, val))3 这些代码都是在获取url，因此直接封装四个获取url的方法：get_change_url，get_delete_url，get_add_url，get_list_url。
"""获取编辑的url"""
def get_change_url(self, obj):
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_change" % (app_label, model_name), args=(obj.pk,))
return _url
"""获取删除的url"""
def get_delete_url(self, obj):
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_delete" % (app_label, model_name), args=(obj.pk,))
return _url
"""获取添加的url"""
def get_add_url(self):
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_add" % (app_label, model_name))
return _url
"""获取列表的url"""
def get_list_url(self, obj):
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_list" % (app_label, model_name))
return _url4 修改edit、deletes、checkbox的内部代码：
"""编辑按钮"""
def edit(self, obj=None, header=False):
if header: # 判断是不是表头
return "操作"
_url = self.get_change_url(obj)
return mark_safe("<a href='%s'>编辑</a>" % _url)
"""删除按钮"""
def deletes(self, obj=None, header=False):
if header: # 判断是不是表头
return "操作"
_url = self.get_delete_url(obj)
return mark_safe("<a href='%s'>删除</a>" % _url)
"""复选框"""
def checkbox(self, obj=None, header=False):
if header: # 判断是不是表头
return mark_safe("<input id='all_select' type='checkbox'>")
return mark_safe("<input class='select' type='checkbox'>")5 修改list_view的获取list_display_links的字段的部分代码，list_view的代码：
"""列表展示页"""
def list_view(self, request):
# print(self.model) # UserInfo
# print(self.list_display) # ["name", "age"]
# 获取userinfo 的数据
data_list = self.model.objects.all() # ["obj1", "obj2",.....]
# 获取表头信息
# 定义一个列表，格式：["复选框", name , age, "操作"....]
head_list = []
for field in self.new_list_display(): # [checkbox,__str__, name,age,edit,deletes......]
if callable(field):
val = field(self, header=True)
head_list.append(val)
else:
if field == '__str__':
val = self.model._meta.model_name.upper() # 返回模型类的名称
else:
val = self.model._meta.get_field(field).verbose_name # 获取字段的verbose_name，不存在就返回Model勒种定义的field名称
head_list.append(val)
# 获取表单信息
# 定义一个新的数据列表 格式：
"""
[
["name", "age"]
["name", "age"]
.......
]
"""
new_data_list = []
# print(ModelStark.list_display_links)
for obj in data_list: # 获取data_list中的每一个对象
temp = [] # 定义一个内层列表，存储一个对象所有字段的值
for field in self.new_list_display(): # 获取每一个要展示的字段 ["name", "age"]
if callable(field): # 判断字段是否可被调用
val = field(self, obj) # 给自定义方法传递参数
else:
val = getattr(obj, field) # field是字符串，利用反射获取对象每个字段的值，
if field in self.list_display_links: # 判断字段是否在list_display_links中，
_url = self.get_change_url(obj)
val = mark_safe("<a href='%s'>%s</a>" % (_url, val))
temp.append(val)
new_data_list.append(temp)
return render(request, 'list.html', locals())6 同时整理下方法的命名，此时ModelStark类的全部代码：
class ModelStark(object):
list_display = ["__str__"]
list_display_links = []
def __init__(self, model, site):
self.model = model
self.site = site
"""编辑按钮"""
def edit(self, obj=None, header=False):
if header: # 判断是不是表头
return "操作"
_url = self.get_change_url(obj)
return mark_safe("<a href='%s'>编辑</a>" % _url)
"""删除按钮"""
def deletes(self, obj=None, header=False):
if header: # 判断是不是表头
return "操作"
_url = self.get_delete_url(obj)
return mark_safe("<a href='%s'>删除</a>" % _url)
"""复选框"""
def checkbox(self, obj=None, header=False):
if header: # 判断是不是表头
return mark_safe("<input id='all_select' type='checkbox'>")
return mark_safe("<input class='select' type='checkbox'>")
"""获取编辑的url"""
def get_change_url(self, obj):
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_change" % (app_label, model_name), args=(obj.pk,))
return _url
"""获取删除的url"""
def get_delete_url(self, obj):
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_delete" % (app_label, model_name), args=(obj.pk,))
return _url
"""获取添加的url"""
def get_add_url(self):
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_add" % (app_label, model_name))
return _url
"""获取列表的url"""
def get_list_url(self, obj):
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_list" % (app_label, model_name))
return _url
def new_list_display(self):
temp = []
temp.append(ModelStark.checkbox)
temp.extend(self.list_display)
if not self.list_display_links: # 判断是否指定了可点击的列
temp.append(ModelStark.edit)
temp.append(ModelStark.deletes)
return temp
def add_view(self, request):
return HttpResponse("add")
def delete_view(self, request, id):
return HttpResponse("delete")
def change_view(self, request, id):
return HttpResponse("change")
"""列表展示页"""
def list_view(self, request):
# print(self.model) # UserInfo
# print(self.list_display) # ["name", "age"]
# 获取userinfo 的数据
data_list = self.model.objects.all() # ["obj1", "obj2",.....]
# 获取表头信息
# 定义一个列表，格式：["复选框", name , age, "操作"....]
head_list = []
for field in self.new_list_display(): # [checkbox,__str__, name,age,edit,deletes......]
if callable(field):
val = field(self, header=True)
head_list.append(val)
else:
if field == '__str__':
val = self.model._meta.model_name.upper() # 返回模型类的名称
else:
val = self.model._meta.get_field(field).verbose_name # 获取字段的verbose_name，不存在就返回Model勒种定义的field名称
head_list.append(val)
# 获取表单信息
# 定义一个新的数据列表 格式：
"""
[
["name", "age"]
["name", "age"]
.......
]
"""
new_data_list = []
# print(ModelStark.list_display_links)
for obj in data_list: # 获取data_list中的每一个对象
temp = [] # 定义一个内层列表，存储一个对象所有字段的值
for field in self.new_list_display(): # 获取每一个要展示的字段 ["name", "age"]
if callable(field): # 判断字段是否可被调用
val = field(self, obj) # 给自定义方法传递参数
else:
val = getattr(obj, field) # field是字符串，利用反射获取对象每个字段的值，
if field in self.list_display_links: # 判断字段是否在list_display_links中，
_url = self.get_change_url(obj)
val = mark_safe("<a href='%s'>%s</a>" % (_url, val))
temp.append(val)
new_data_list.append(temp)
return render(request, 'list.html', locals())
def get_urls2(self):
temp = [] # 添加每个app/model的增删改查url
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
temp.append(url(r'^add/', self.add_view, name="%s_%s_add" % (app_label, model_name)))
temp.append(url(r'^(\d+)/delete/', self.delete_view, name="%s_%s_delete" % (app_label, model_name)))
temp.append(url(r'^(\d+)/change/', self.change_view, name="%s_%s_change" % (app_label, model_name)))
temp.append(url(r'^$', self.list_view, name="%s_%s_list" % (app_label, model_name)))
return temp
@property
def urls2(self):
return self.get_urls2(), None, None
增加
现在查的页面已经有了，把增删改的功能也做了。先做增加的。为了表单的复杂，把app01的model.py的模型类都删了，把stark.py里面的注册代码和配置类代码也删了。
1 把下面的模型类代码放到app01的model.py里面，然后执行迁移。
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class Author(models.Model):
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
name=models.CharField( max_length=32)
age=models.IntegerField()
# 与AuthorDetail建立一对一的关系
authorDetail=models.OneToOneField(to="AuthorDetail",on_delete=models.CASCADE)
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class AuthorDetail(models.Model):
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
birthday=models.DateField()
telephone=models.BigIntegerField()
addr=models.CharField( max_length=64)
def __str__(self):
return self.telephone
class Publish(models.Model):
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
name=models.CharField( max_length=32)
city=models.CharField( max_length=32)
email=models.EmailField()
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class Book(models.Model):
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
title = models.CharField( max_length=32)
publishDate=models.DateField()
price=models.DecimalField(max_digits=5,decimal_places=2)
# 与Publish建立一对多的关系,外键字段建立在多的一方
publish=models.ForeignKey(to="Publish",to_field="nid",on_delete=models.CASCADE)
# 与Author表建立多对多的关系,ManyToManyField可以建在两个模型中的任意一个，自动创建第三张表
authors=models.ManyToManyField(to='Author',)
def __str__(self):
return self.title2 app01的stark.py里面的代码:
from stark.service.stark import site, ModelStark
from .models import *
class BookConfig(ModelStark):
list_display = ["title", "price", "publishDate"]
site.register(Author)
site.register(Publish)
site.register(AuthorDetail)
site.register(Book,BookConfig)在list.html里面添加一个跳转到添加数据页面的连接或按钮，并且在list_view里把添加的url传到list.html。
3 使用ModelForm来做表单的处理。ModelStark类中的add_view方法：
def add_view(self, request):
class ModelFormDemo(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = self.model
fields = "__all__"
form_obj = ModelFormDemo()
return render(request, 'add_view.html', locals())4 添加add_view.html文件，代码：
<style>
input,select {
display: block;
width: 100%;
height: 34px;
padding: 6px 12px;
font-size: 14px;
line-height: 1.42857143;
color: #555;
background-color: #fff;
background-image: none;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 4px;
-webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, .075);
box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, .075);
-webkit-transition: border-color ease-in-out .15s, -webkit-box-shadow ease-in-out .15s;
-o-transition: border-color ease-in-out .15s, box-shadow ease-in-out .15s;
transition: border-color ease-in-out .15s, box-shadow ease-in-out .15s;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>添加数据</h3>
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">
<form action="" method="post" novalidate>
{% csrf_token %}
{% for field in form_obj %}
<div>
<label for="">{{ field.label }}</label>
{{ field }} <span style="color: red" class=" error pull-right">{{ field.errors.0 }}</span>
</div>
{% endfor %}
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-default pull-right">提交</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>此时访问添加页面，效果
如果想让字段显示中文怎么办。在add_view的ModelFormDemo里面加label？ 但是我们并不知道此时访问的是那张数据表，所以不能写死。。那怎么办？让用户自己定义，用户未定义就用默认的。
5 在ModelStark类中定义一个类属性：model_class = None。 定义一个获取用户定义的ModelFormDemo类的方法。然后修改add_view方法。
class ModelStark(object):
list_display = ["__str__"]
list_display_links = []
model_class = None
.........
# 获取定义的ModelFormDemo类
def get_modelform_class(self):
if not self.model_class: # 如果用户为定义，返回默认的ModelFormDemo类名
class ModelFormDemo(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = self.model
fields = "__all__"
return ModelFormDemo
else: # 返回用户定义的ModelFormDemo类名
return self.model_class
# 添加视图
def add_view(self, request):
ModelFormDemo = self.get_modelform_class() # 取到的是类名
form_obj = ModelFormDemo()
return render(request, 'add_view.html', locals())
.......6 现在去app01下的stark.py中定制一个ModelForm类：
from django.forms import ModelForm
class ModelFormDemo(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Book
fields = "__all__"
labels = {
"title": "书籍名称",
"price": "价格"
}
class BookConfig(ModelStark):
list_display = ["title", "price", "publishDate"]
model_class = ModelFormDemo
.......此时去页面访问，
OK，现在就做post请求。
7 add_view.py
def add_view(self, request):
ModelFormDemo = self.get_modelform_class() # 取到的是类名
if request.method == "POST":
form_obj = ModelFormDemo(request.POST)
if form_obj.is_valid():
form_obj.save()
return redirect(self.get_list_url())
else:
return render(request, 'add_view.html', locals())
form_obj = ModelFormDemo()
return render(request, 'add_view.html', locals())现在就可以去页面添加数据了。如果进入添加页面时报错没有__str__字段， 在模型类的 __str__方法中将返回值强转str就好了。
ok添加做好了，接下来编辑。
编辑
添加和编辑使用的表单一样，因此两个页面都导入表单的html代码。创建form.html。
1 form.html:
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">
<form action="" method="post" novalidate>
{% csrf_token %}
{% for field in form_obj %}
<div>
<label for="">{{ field.label }}</label>
{{ field }} <span style="color: red" class=" error pull-right">{{ field.errors.0 }}</span>
</div>
{% endfor %}
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-default pull-right">提交</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>2 add_view.html
<style>
input,select {
display: block;
width: 100%;
height: 34px;
padding: 6px 12px;
font-size: 14px;
line-height: 1.42857143;
color: #555;
background-color: #fff;
background-image: none;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 4px;
-webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, .075);
box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, .075);
-webkit-transition: border-color ease-in-out .15s, -webkit-box-shadow ease-in-out .15s;
-o-transition: border-color ease-in-out .15s, box-shadow ease-in-out .15s;
transition: border-color ease-in-out .15s, box-shadow ease-in-out .15s;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>添加数据</h3>
{% include 'form.html' %}
</body>3 edit.html
<style>
input,select {
display: block;
width: 100%;
height: 34px;
padding: 6px 12px;
font-size: 14px;
line-height: 1.42857143;
color: #555;
background-color: #fff;
background-image: none;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 4px;
-webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, .075);
box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, .075);
-webkit-transition: border-color ease-in-out .15s, -webkit-box-shadow ease-in-out .15s;
-o-transition: border-color ease-in-out .15s, box-shadow ease-in-out .15s;
transition: border-color ease-in-out .15s, box-shadow ease-in-out .15s;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>修改数据</h3>
{% include 'form.html' %}
</body>4 ok，页面完成了，写编辑的视图函数。修改change_view方法：
def change_view(self, request, id):
ModelFormDemo = self.get_modelform_class() # 取到的是类名
edit_obj = self.model.objects.get(pk=id)
if request.method == "POST":
form_obj = ModelFormDemo(request.POST, instance=edit_obj)
if form_obj.is_valid():
form_obj.save()
return redirect(self.get_list_url())
else:
return render(request, 'edit_view.html', locals())
form_obj = ModelFormDemo(instance=edit_obj)
return render(request, 'edit_view.html', locals())现在就可以去页面修改数据了。修改做好了，接下来删除。
删除
1 创建delete_view.html
<body>
<form method="post">
{% csrf_token %}
<input class="btn btn-danger" type="submit" value="确定删除"> <a class="btn btn-warning" href="{{ list_url }}">取消</a>
</form>
</body>2 修改delete_view方法
def delete_view(self, request, id):
list_url = self.get_list_url()
if request.method == "POST":
self.model.objects.get(pk=id).delete()
return redirect(list_url)
return render(request, 'delete_view.html', locals())增删改现在算是大功告成。下面继续查询，因为admin的查询姿势有很多，所以如果继续在list_view方法里写代码会显得比较乱，因此把查询封装在一个方法里面。
3 定义ShowList类：
class ShowList(object):
def __init__(self, config, data_list):
self.config = config
self.data_list = data_list
def show_header(self):
# 获取表头信息
# 定义一个列表，格式：["复选框", name , age, "操作"....]
head_list = []
for field in self.config.new_list_display(): # [checkbox,__str__, name,age,edit,deletes......]
if callable(field):
val = field(self.config, header=True)
head_list.append(val)
else:
if field == '__str__':
val = self.config.model._meta.model_name.upper() # 返回模型类的名称
else:
val = self.config.model._meta.get_field(field).verbose_name # 获取字段的verbose_name，不存在就返回Model勒种定义的field名称
head_list.append(val)
return head_list
def show_body(self):
# 获取表单信息
# 定义一个新的数据列表 格式：
"""
[
["name", "age"]
["name", "age"]
.......
]
"""
new_data_list = []
# print(ModelStark.list_display_links)
for obj in self.data_list: # 获取data_list中的每一个对象
temp = [] # 定义一个内层列表，存储一个对象所有字段的值
for field in self.config.new_list_display(): # 获取每一个要展示的字段 ["name", "age"]
if callable(field): # 判断字段是否可被调用
val = field(self.config, obj) # 给自定义方法传递参数
else:
val = getattr(obj, field) # field是字符串，利用反射获取对象每个字段的值，
if field in self.config.list_display_links: # 判断字段是否在list_display_links中，
_url = self.config.get_change_url(obj)
val = mark_safe("<a href='%s'>%s</a>" % (_url, val))
temp.append(val)
new_data_list.append(temp)
return new_data_list4 修改ModelStark类的list_view,此时ModelStark类的代码：
class ModelStark(object):
list_display = ["__str__"]
list_display_links = []
model_class = None
def __init__(self, model, site):
self.model = model
self.site = site
"""编辑按钮"""
def edit(self, obj=None, header=False):
if header: # 判断是不是表头
return "操作"
_url = self.get_change_url(obj)
return mark_safe("<a href='%s'>编辑</a>" % _url)
"""删除按钮"""
def deletes(self, obj=None, header=False):
if header: # 判断是不是表头
return "操作"
_url = self.get_delete_url(obj)
return mark_safe("<a href='%s'>删除</a>" % _url)
"""复选框"""
def checkbox(self, obj=None, header=False):
if header: # 判断是不是表头
return mark_safe("<input id='all_select' type='checkbox'>")
return mark_safe("<input class='select' type='checkbox'>")
"""获取编辑的url"""
def get_change_url(self, obj):
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_change" % (app_label, model_name), args=(obj.pk,))
return _url
"""获取删除的url"""
def get_delete_url(self, obj):
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_delete" % (app_label, model_name), args=(obj.pk,))
return _url
"""获取添加的url"""
def get_add_url(self):
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_add" % (app_label, model_name))
return _url
"""获取列表的url"""
def get_list_url(self):
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_list" % (app_label, model_name))
return _url
# 获取被指定的所有字段
def new_list_display(self):
temp = []
temp.append(ModelStark.checkbox)
temp.extend(self.list_display)
if not self.list_display_links: # 判断是否指定了可点击的列
temp.append(ModelStark.edit)
temp.append(ModelStark.deletes)
return temp
# 获取定义的ModelFormDemo类
def get_modelform_class(self):
if not self.model_class: # 如果用户为定义，返回默认的ModelFormDemo类名
class ModelFormDemo(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = self.model
fields = "__all__"
return ModelFormDemo
else: # 返回用户定义的ModelFormDemo类名
return self.model_class
# 添加视图
def add_view(self, request):
ModelFormDemo = self.get_modelform_class() # 取到的是类名
if request.method == "POST":
form_obj = ModelFormDemo(request.POST)
if form_obj.is_valid():
form_obj.save()
return redirect(self.get_list_url())
else:
return render(request, 'add_view.html', locals())
form_obj = ModelFormDemo()
return render(request, 'add_view.html', locals())
def delete_view(self, request, id):
list_url = self.get_list_url()
if request.method == "POST":
self.model.objects.get(pk=id).delete()
return redirect(list_url)
return render(request, 'delete_view.html', locals())
def change_view(self, request, id):
ModelFormDemo = self.get_modelform_class() # 取到的是类名
edit_obj = self.model.objects.get(pk=id)
if request.method == "POST":
form_obj = ModelFormDemo(request.POST, instance=edit_obj)
if form_obj.is_valid():
form_obj.save()
return redirect(self.get_list_url())
else:
return render(request, 'edit_view.html', locals())
form_obj = ModelFormDemo(instance=edit_obj)
return render(request, 'edit_view.html', locals())
"""列表展示页"""
def list_view(self, request):
# 获取userinfo 的数据
data_list = self.model.objects.all() # ["obj1", "obj2",.....]
# 获取表头
show_list = ShowList(self, data_list)
head_list = show_list.show_header()
# 获取表体
new_data_list = show_list.show_body()
# 获取添加的url
add_url = self.get_add_url()
return render(request, 'list.html', locals())
def get_urls2(self):
temp = [] # 添加每个app/model的增删改查url
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
temp.append(url(r'^add/', self.add_view, name="%s_%s_add" % (app_label, model_name)))
temp.append(url(r'^(\d+)/delete/', self.delete_view, name="%s_%s_delete" % (app_label, model_name)))
temp.append(url(r'^(\d+)/change/', self.change_view, name="%s_%s_change" % (app_label, model_name)))
temp.append(url(r'^$', self.list_view, name="%s_%s_list" % (app_label, model_name)))
return temp
@property
def urls2(self):
return self.get_urls2(), None, None
分页
1 在stark app下创建一个utils包，然后创建一个page.py，代码：
class Pagination(object):
def __init__(self, current_page, all_count, base_url,params, per_page_num=8, pager_count=11, ):
"""
封装分页相关数据
:param current_page: 当前页
:param all_count: 数据库中的数据总条数
:param per_page_num: 每页显示的数据条数
:param base_url: 分页中显示的URL前缀
:param pager_count: 最多显示的页码个数
"""
try:
current_page = int(current_page)
except Exception as e:
current_page = 1
if current_page < 1:
current_page = 1
self.current_page = current_page
self.all_count = all_count
self.per_page_num = per_page_num
self.base_url = base_url
# 总页码
all_pager, tmp = divmod(all_count, per_page_num)
if tmp:
all_pager += 1
self.all_pager = all_pager
self.pager_count = pager_count # 最多显示页码数
self.pager_count_half = int((pager_count - 1) / 2)
import copy
params = copy.deepcopy(params)
params._mutable = True
self.params = params # self.params : {"page":77,"title":"python","nid":1}
@property
def start(self):
return (self.current_page - 1) * self.per_page_num
@property
def end(self):
return self.current_page * self.per_page_num
def page_html(self):
# 如果总页码 < 11个：
if self.all_pager <= self.pager_count:
pager_start = 1
pager_end = self.all_pager + 1
# 总页码 > 11
else:
# 当前页如果<=页面上最多显示(11-1)/2个页码
if self.current_page <= self.pager_count_half:
pager_start = 1
pager_end = self.pager_count + 1
# 当前页大于5
else:
# 页码翻到最后
if (self.current_page + self.pager_count_half) > self.all_pager:
pager_start = self.all_pager - self.pager_count + 1
pager_end = self.all_pager + 1
else:
pager_start = self.current_page - self.pager_count_half
pager_end = self.current_page + self.pager_count_half + 1
page_html_list = []
self.params["page"] = 1
first_page = '<li><a href="%s?%s">首页</a></li>' % (self.base_url, self.params.urlencode(),)
page_html_list.append(first_page)
if self.current_page <= 1:
prev_page = '<li class="disabled"><a href="#">上一页</a></li>'
else:
self.params["page"] = self.current_page - 1
prev_page = '<li><a href="%s?%s">上一页</a></li>' % (self.base_url, self.params.urlencode(),)
page_html_list.append(prev_page)
for i in range(pager_start, pager_end):
self.params["page"] = i
if i == self.current_page:
temp = '<li class="active"><a href="%s?%s">%s</a></li>' % (self.base_url, self.params.urlencode(), i,)
else:
temp = '<li><a href="%s?%s">%s</a></li>' % (self.base_url, self.params.urlencode(), i,)
page_html_list.append(temp)
if self.current_page >= self.all_pager:
next_page = '<li class="disabled"><a href="#">下一页</a></li>'
else:
self.params["page"] = self.current_page + 1
next_page = '<li><a href="%s?%s">下一页</a></li>' % (self.base_url, self.params.urlencode(),)
page_html_list.append(next_page)
self.params["page"] = self.all_pager
last_page = '<li><a href="%s?%s">尾页</a></li>' % (self.base_url, self.params.urlencode(),)
page_html_list.append(last_page)
return ''.join(page_html_list)2 在ShowList类中生成分页对象和每一页的数据。
class ShowList(object):
def __init__(self, config, data_list, request):
self.config = config
self.data_list = data_list
self.request = request
# 分页
data_count = self.data_list.count() # 获取数据总数量
current_page = self.request.GET.get("page", 1) # 获取当前页码
base_url = self.request.path # 获取url（不带参数）
# 生成分页对象
self.paginator = Pagination(current_page, data_count, base_url, self.request.GET, per_page_num=1, pager_count=11)
# 当前页的数据列表
self.page_data = self.data_list[self.paginator.start: self.paginator.end]
。。。。。。。
# list_view传入request3 然后修改get_body方法中的代码：
4 修改list_view.html，插入页码列表
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-9">
<a href="{{ add_url }}" class="btn btn-primary">添加数据</a>
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
{% for head_name in head_list %}
<td>{{ head_name }}</td>
{% endfor %}
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for data_list in new_data_list %}
<tr class="data-list">
{% for data in data_list %}
<td>{{ data }}</td>
{% endfor %}
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
<nav>
<ul class="pagination">
{{ show_list.paginator.page_html|safe }}
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Search
1 在ModelStark类中添加类属性search_fields = [],然后添加一个get_search方法，根据search关键字进行模糊查询。
def get_search(self, request):
key_word = request.GET.get("q", "")
search_connection = Q()
if key_word:
search_connection.connector = 'or'
for field in self.search_fields:
search_connection.children.append((field+"__contains", key_word))
return key_word, search_connection2 修改list_view方法的代码
def list_view(self, request):
# 获取search的key_word,Q对象
key_word, search_connection = self.get_search(request)
# 获取userinfo 的数据,并进行search过滤
data_list = self.model.objects.all().filter(search_connection)
# 获取表头
show_list = ShowList(self, data_list, request)
head_list = show_list.show_header()
# 获取表体
new_data_list = show_list.show_body()
# 获取添加的url
add_url = self.get_add_url()
return render(request, 'list.html', locals())3 修改list_view.html
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-9">
<a href="{{ add_url }}" class="btn btn-primary">添加数据</a>
<form method="get" class="pull-right">
{% if show_list.config.search_fields %}
<input type="text" name="q" value="{{ key_word }}">
<input type="submit" class="btm btn-primary" value="搜索">
{% endif %}
</form>
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
{% for head_name in head_list %}
<td>{{ head_name }}</td>
{% endfor %}
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for data_list in new_data_list %}
<tr class="data-list">
{% for data in data_list %}
<td>{{ data }}</td>
{% endfor %}
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
<nav>
<ul class="pagination">
{{ show_list.paginator.page_html|safe }}
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
</div>在app01的stark.py中定义了search_fields后，就能根据设定的字段进行search查询了。
action
1 在ModelStark类中添加类属性actions = [],在ShowList类中定义get_actions_list方法，获取用户定制的所有action操作。
......
class ShowList(object):
def __init__(self, config, data_list, request):
........
# actions
self.actions = self.config.actions
# 获取action操作
def get_actions_list(self):
temp = []
for action in self.actions:
temp.append({
"name": action.__name__,
"desc": action.short_description
})
return temp
.......2 修改ModelStark类中的checkbox方法：
"""复选框"""
def checkbox(self, obj=None, header=False):
if header: # 判断是不是表头
return mark_safe("<input id='all_select' type='checkbox'>")
return mark_safe("<input class='select' name='selected_id' type='checkbox' value='%s'>" % obj.pk)3 修改list_view.html，添加下拉框
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-9">
<a href="{{ add_url }}" class="btn btn-primary">添加数据</a>
<form method="get" class="pull-right">
{% if show_list.config.search_fields %}
<input type="text" name="q" value="{{ key_word }}">
<input type="submit" class="btm btn-primary" value="搜索">
{% endif %}
</form>
<form method="post">
{% csrf_token %}
<select name="action" style="width: 200px;padding: 5px 8px;display: inline-block">
<option>------</option>
{% for action in show_list.get_actions_list %}
<option value="{{ action.name }}">{{ action.desc }}</option>
{% endfor %}
</select><button type="submit" class="btn btn-info">Go</button>
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
{% for head_name in head_list %}
<td>{{ head_name }}</td>
{% endfor %}
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for data_list in new_data_list %}
<tr class="data-list">
{% for data in data_list %}
<td>{{ data }}</td>
{% endfor %}
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
</form>
<nav>
<ul class="pagination">
{{ show_list.paginator.page_html|safe }}
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
</div>4 在app01 stark.py中的BookConfig类中定义一个修改价格的action
class BookConfig(ModelStark):
list_display = ["title", "price", "publishDate"]
model_class = ModelFormDemo
search_fields = ["title", "price"]
def edit_price_action(self, request, queryset):
queryset.update(price=111)
edit_price_action.short_description = "修改价格"
actions = [edit_price_action]5 修改ModelStark类中list_view方法。
def list_view(self, request):
if request.method == "POST":
action_name = request.POST.get("action") # 获取执行的action名称
id_list = request.POST.getlist("selected_id") # 获取被选中的id
action_func = getattr(self, action_name) # 反射获取函数
queryset = self.model.objects.filter(pk__in=id_list) # 过滤被选中的查询集
action_func(request, queryset) # 执行action
return redirect(self.get_list_url())
。。。。。。。ok，现在就能批量的修改书籍价格。
然而admin的action有一个默认的批量删除，so，下面添加这个功能。
1 在ModelStark类中添加一个delete_action方法
def delete_action(self, request, queryset):
queryset.delete()
delete_action.short_description = "批量删除"2 然后再定义一个new_action方法
def new_actions(self):
temp = []
temp.append(ModelStark.delete_action)
temp.extend(self.actions)
return temp3 然后修改ShowList的__init__中self.action
self.actions = self.config.new_actions()现在就能批量删除了。此时ModelStark类的代码：
class ModelStark(object):
list_display = ["__str__"]
list_display_links = []
model_class = None
search_fields = []
actions = []
filter_fields = []
def __init__(self, model, site):
self.model = model
self.site = site
# 批量删除
def delete_action(self, request, queryset):
queryset.delete()
delete_action.short_description = "批量删除"
"""编辑按钮"""
def edit(self, obj=None, header=False):
if header: # 判断是不是表头
return "操作"
_url = self.get_change_url(obj)
return mark_safe("<a href='%s'>编辑</a>" % _url)
"""删除按钮"""
def deletes(self, obj=None, header=False):
if header: # 判断是不是表头
return "操作"
_url = self.get_delete_url(obj)
return mark_safe("<a href='%s'>删除</a>" % _url)
"""复选框"""
def checkbox(self, obj=None, header=False):
if header: # 判断是不是表头
return mark_safe("<input id='all_select' type='checkbox'>")
return mark_safe("<input class='select' name='selected_id' type='checkbox' value='%s'>" % obj.pk)
"""获取编辑的url"""
def get_change_url(self, obj):
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_change" % (app_label, model_name), args=(obj.pk,))
return _url
"""获取删除的url"""
def get_delete_url(self, obj):
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_delete" % (app_label, model_name), args=(obj.pk,))
return _url
"""获取添加的url"""
def get_add_url(self):
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_add" % (app_label, model_name))
return _url
"""获取列表的url"""
def get_list_url(self):
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_list" % (app_label, model_name))
return _url
# 获取所有的action
def new_actions(self):
temp = []
temp.append(ModelStark.delete_action)
temp.extend(self.actions)
return temp
# 获取被指定的所有字段
def new_list_display(self):
temp = []
temp.append(ModelStark.checkbox)
temp.extend(self.list_display)
if not self.list_display_links: # 判断是否指定了可点击的列
temp.append(ModelStark.edit)
temp.append(ModelStark.deletes)
return temp
# 获取定义的ModelFormDemo类
def get_modelform_class(self):
if not self.model_class: # 如果用户为定义，返回默认的ModelFormDemo类名
class ModelFormDemo(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = self.model
fields = "__all__"
return ModelFormDemo
else: # 返回用户定义的ModelFormDemo类名
return self.model_class
# 添加视图
def add_view(self, request):
ModelFormDemo = self.get_modelform_class() # 取到的是类名
if request.method == "POST":
form_obj = ModelFormDemo(request.POST)
if form_obj.is_valid():
form_obj.save()
return redirect(self.get_list_url())
else:
return render(request, 'add_view.html', locals())
form_obj = ModelFormDemo()
print(form_obj)
return render(request, 'add_view.html', locals())
# 删除视图
def delete_view(self, request, id):
list_url = self.get_list_url()
if request.method == "POST":
self.model.objects.get(pk=id).delete()
return redirect(list_url)
return render(request, 'delete_view.html', locals())
# 编辑视图
def change_view(self, request, id):
ModelFormDemo = self.get_modelform_class() # 取到的是类名
edit_obj = self.model.objects.get(pk=id)
if request.method == "POST":
form_obj = ModelFormDemo(request.POST, instance=edit_obj)
if form_obj.is_valid():
form_obj.save()
return redirect(self.get_list_url())
else:
return render(request, 'edit_view.html', locals())
form_obj = ModelFormDemo(instance=edit_obj)
return render(request, 'edit_view.html', locals())
# 获取search关键字和search字段
def get_search(self, request):
key_word = request.GET.get("q", "")
search_connection = Q()
if key_word:
key_word = key_word.strip()
search_connection.connector = 'or'
for field in self.search_fields:
search_connection.children.append((field+"__contains", key_word))
return key_word, search_connection
"""列表展示页"""
def list_view(self, request):
if request.method == "POST":
action_name = request.POST.get("action") # 获取执行的action名称
id_list = request.POST.getlist("selected_id") # 获取被选中的id
action_func = getattr(self, action_name) # 反射获取函数
queryset = self.model.objects.filter(pk__in=id_list) # 过滤被选中的查询集
action_func(request, queryset) # 执行action
return redirect(self.get_list_url())
# 获取search的key_word,Q对象
key_word, search_connection = self.get_search(request)
# 获取userinfo 的数据,并进行search过滤
data_list = self.model.objects.all().filter(search_connection)
# 获取表头
show_list = ShowList(self, data_list, request)
head_list = show_list.show_header()
# 获取表体
new_data_list = show_list.show_body()
# 获取添加的url
add_url = self.get_add_url()
return render(request, 'list.html', locals())
def get_urls2(self):
temp = [] # 添加每个app/model的增删改查url
model_name = self.model._meta.model_name
app_label = self.model._meta.app_label
temp.append(url(r'^add/', self.add_view, name="%s_%s_add" % (app_label, model_name)))
temp.append(url(r'^(\d+)/delete/', self.delete_view, name="%s_%s_delete" % (app_label, model_name)))
temp.append(url(r'^(\d+)/change/', self.change_view, name="%s_%s_change" % (app_label, model_name)))
temp.append(url(r'^$', self.list_view, name="%s_%s_list" % (app_label, model_name)))
return temp
@property
def urls2(self):
return self.get_urls2(), None, NoneShowList类的代码；
class ShowList(object):
def __init__(self, config, data_list, request):
self.config = config
self.data_list = data_list
self.request = request
# 分页
data_count = self.data_list.count() # 获取数据总数量
current_page = int(self.request.GET.get("page", 1)) # 获取当前页码
base_url = self.request.path # 获取url（不带参数）
# 生成分页对象
self.paginator = Pagination(current_page, data_count, base_url, self.request.GET, per_page_num=2, pager_count=11)
# 当前页的数据列表
self.page_data = self.data_list[self.paginator.start: self.paginator.end]
# actions
self.actions = self.config.new_actions()
# 获取action操作
def get_actions_list(self):
temp = []
for action in self.actions:
temp.append({
"name": action.__name__,
"desc": action.short_description
})
return temp
def show_header(self):
# 获取表头信息
# 定义一个列表，格式：["复选框", name , age, "操作"....]
head_list = []
for field in self.config.new_list_display(): # [checkbox,__str__, name,age,edit,deletes......]
if callable(field):
val = field(self.config, header=True)
head_list.append(val)
else:
if field == '__str__':
val = self.config.model._meta.model_name.upper() # 返回模型类的名称
else:
val = self.config.model._meta.get_field(field).verbose_name # 获取字段的verbose_name，不存在就返回Model勒种定义的field名称
head_list.append(val)
return head_list
def show_body(self):
# 获取表单信息
# 定义一个新的数据列表 格式：
"""
[
["name", "age"]
["name", "age"]
.......
]
"""
new_data_list = []
for obj in self.page_data: # 获取data_list中的每一个对象
temp = [] # 定义一个内层列表，存储一个对象所有字段的值
for field in self.config.new_list_display(): # 获取每一个要展示的字段 ["name", "age"]
if callable(field): # 判断字段是否可被调用
val = field(self.config, obj) # 给自定义方法传递参数
else:
val = getattr(obj, field) # field是字符串，利用反射获取对象每个字段的值，
if field in self.config.list_display_links: # 判断字段是否在list_display_links中，
_url = self.config.get_change_url(obj)
val = mark_safe("<a href='%s'>%s</a>" % (_url, val))
temp.append(val)
new_data_list.append(temp)
return new_data_list
filter_fields
1 在ModelStark类中定义一个类属性filter_fields=[],然后再ShowList类中定义一个get_filter_linktags方法,代码：
def get_filter_linktags(self):
link_dict = {} # 定义字段对应的a连接 {"book":["<a>金平..</a>", "<a>"], ...}
for filter_field in self.config.filter_fields: # 获取要过滤的字段 ["book", "author",..... ]
url_params = copy.deepcopy(self.request.GET) # 获取参数
current_field_id = self.request.GET.get(filter_field, 0) # 获取当前被选中的字段的id
filter_field_obj = self.config.model._meta.get_field(filter_field) # 获取字段对象
data_list = filter_field_obj.rel.to.objects.all() # 根据字段对象获取该模型类的queryset对象["book1","book2",...]
temp = [] # 定义一个临时列表
for obj in data_list:
url_params[filter_field] = obj.pk
_url = url_params.urlencode()
if int(current_field_id) == obj.pk:
link_tag = "<a href='?%s'>%s</a>" % (_url, str(obj))
else:
link_tag = "<a href='?%s'>%s</a>" % (_url, str(obj))
temp.append(link_tag)
link_dict[filter_field] = temp
return link_dict2 app01 stark.py的BookConfig类中定义过滤字段
class BookConfig(ModelStark):
list_display = ["title", "price", "publishDate"]
model_class = ModelFormDemo
search_fields = ["title", "price"]
def edit_price_action(self, request, queryset):
queryset.update(price=111)
edit_price_action.short_description = "修改价格"
actions = [edit_price_action]
filter_fields = ["authors", "publish"] # 先用多对多和一对多的字段3 修改list_view.html代码，加一个过滤布局并传数据：
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-9">
<a href="{{ add_url }}" class="btn btn-primary">添加数据</a>
<form method="get" class="pull-right">
{% if show_list.config.search_fields %}
<input type="text" name="q" value="{{ key_word }}">
<input type="submit" class="btm btn-primary" value="搜索">
{% endif %}
</form>
<form method="post">
{% csrf_token %}
<select name="action" style="width: 200px;padding: 5px 8px;display: inline-block">
<option>------</option>
{% for action in show_list.get_actions_list %}
<option value="{{ action.name }}">{{ action.desc }}</option>
{% endfor %}
</select><button type="submit" class="btn btn-info">Go</button>
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
{% for head_name in head_list %}
<td>{{ head_name }}</td>
{% endfor %}
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for data_list in new_data_list %}
<tr class="data-list">
{% for data in data_list %}
<td>{{ data }}</td>
{% endfor %}
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
</form>
<nav>
<ul class="pagination">
{{ show_list.paginator.page_html|safe }}
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<div class="filter">
<h3>Filter</h3>
{% for field, link_tag in show_list.get_filter_linktags.items %}
<div class="well">
<p>{{ field|upper }}</p>
{% for tag in link_tag %}
<p>{{ tag|safe }}</p>
{% endfor %}
</div>
{% endfor %}
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>此时就能显示要过滤的所有字段和对应的数据，而且连接也拼接无误。现在改下a标签的样式。
4 修改get_filter_linktags方法：
def get_filter_linktags(self):
link_dict = {} # 定义字段对应的a连接 {"book":["<a>金平..</a>", "<a>"], ...}
for filter_field in self.config.filter_fields: # 获取要过滤的字段 ["book", "author",..... ]
url_params = copy.deepcopy(self.request.GET) # 获取参数
current_field_id = self.request.GET.get(filter_field, 0) # 获取当前被选中的字段的id
filter_field_obj = self.config.model._meta.get_field(filter_field) # 获取字段对象
data_list = filter_field_obj.rel.to.objects.all() # 根据字段对象获取该模型类的queryset对象["book1","book2",...]
temp = [] # 定义一个临时列表
for obj in data_list:
url_params[filter_field] = obj.pk
_url = url_params.urlencode()
if int(current_field_id) == obj.pk:
link_tag = "<a class='active' href='?%s'>%s</a>" % (_url, str(obj))
else:
link_tag = "<a href='?%s'>%s</a>" % (_url, str(obj))
temp.append(link_tag)
link_dict[filter_field] = temp
return link_dict5 给list_view.html中的a标签加样式
<style>
.filter a{
color: #999;
}
.active{
color: #23527c!important;
}
</style>6 现在给每个过滤的字段都加一个all标签。
修改get_filter_linktags方法
def get_filter_linktags(self):
link_dict = {} # 定义字段对应的a连接 {"book":["<a>金平..</a>", "<a>"], ...}
for filter_field in self.config.filter_fields: # 获取要过滤的字段 ["book", "author",..... ]
url_params = copy.deepcopy(self.request.GET) # 获取参数
current_field_id = self.request.GET.get(filter_field, 0) # 获取当前被选中的字段的id
filter_field_obj = self.config.model._meta.get_field(filter_field) # 获取字段对象
data_list = filter_field_obj.rel.to.objects.all() # 根据字段对象获取该模型类的queryset对象["book1","book2",...]
temp = [] # 定义一个临时列表
# all标签
if url_params.get(filter_field): # if GET请求参数中包含当前循环的字段，就把这个参数（字段）删除
del url_params[filter_field]
temp.append("<a href='?%s'>ALL</a>" % url_params.urlencode())
else: # 不存在就说明该字段没有被选中
temp.append("<a class='active' href='#'>ALL</a>")
# 数据标签
for obj in data_list:
url_params[filter_field] = obj.pk
_url = url_params.urlencode()
if int(current_field_id) == obj.pk:
link_tag = "<a class='active' href='?%s'>%s</a>" % (_url, str(obj))
else:
link_tag = "<a href='?%s'>%s</a>" % (_url, str(obj))
temp.append(link_tag)
link_dict[filter_field] = temp
return link_dictOK 样式有了，url也有了，进行数据过滤。
7 在ModelStark类中添加get_filter_data方法，并修改list_view方法：
# 过滤数据的查询条件
def get_filter_data(self, request):
filter_condition = Q()
for field, pk in request.GET.items():
if field in self.filter_fields:
filter_condition.children.append((field, pk))
return filter_condition
"""列表展示页"""
def list_view(self, request):
if request.method == "POST":
action_name = request.POST.get("action") # 获取执行的action名称
id_list = request.POST.getlist("selected_id") # 获取被选中的id
action_func = getattr(self, action_name) # 反射获取函数
queryset = self.model.objects.filter(pk__in=id_list) # 过滤被选中的查询集
action_func(request, queryset) # 执行action
return redirect(self.get_list_url())
# 获取search的key_word,Q对象
key_word, search_connection = self.get_search(request)
# 过滤
filter_connection = self.get_filter_data(request)
# 获取userinfo 的数据,并进行search过滤
data_list = self.model.objects.all().filter(search_connection).filter(filter_connection)
# 获取表头
show_list = ShowList(self, data_list, request)
head_list = show_list.show_header()
# 获取表体
new_data_list = show_list.show_body()
# 获取添加的url
add_url = self.get_add_url()
return render(request, 'list.html', locals())8 现在就能进行正常的过滤了，只不过现在的能过滤的字段只能是一对多或者多对多。下面处理普通字段的过滤。
修改get_filter_linktags方法
def get_filter_linktags(self):
link_dict = {} # 定义字段对应的a连接 {"book":["<a>金平..</a>", "<a>"], ...}
for filter_field in self.config.filter_fields: # 获取要过滤的字段 ["book", "author",..... ]
url_params = copy.deepcopy(self.request.GET) # 获取参数
current_field_id = self.request.GET.get(filter_field, 0) # 获取当前被选中的字段的id
filter_field_obj = self.config.model._meta.get_field(filter_field) # 获取字段对象
if isinstance(filter_field_obj, ForeignKey) or isinstance(filter_field_obj, ManyToManyField): # 如果字段对象是一对多或者多对多
data_list = filter_field_obj.rel.to.objects.all() # 根据字段对象获取该模型类的queryset对象["book1","book2",...]
else:
data_list = self.config.model.objects.all().values("pk", filter_field) # 取普通字段的pk和该字段的所有数据
temp = [] # 定义一个临时列表
# all标签
if url_params.get(filter_field): # if GET请求参数中包含当前循环的字段，就把这个参数（字段）删除
del url_params[filter_field]
temp.append("<a href='?%s'>ALL</a>" % url_params.urlencode())
else: # 不存在就说明该字段没有被选中
temp.append("<a class='active' href='#'>ALL</a>")
# 数据标签
for obj in data_list:
# 继续判断，如果是一对多或者多对多，就用对象去获取pk和值
if isinstance(filter_field_obj, ForeignKey) or isinstance(filter_field_obj, ManyToManyField):
pk = obj.pk
text = str(obj)
url_params[filter_field] = pk # 字段作为键，pk作为值 ?publish=1&authors=2
else:
pk = obj.get("pk")
text = obj.get(filter_field)
url_params[filter_field] = text # 字段作为键，实际数据作为值 ?title="金平没"
_url = url_params.urlencode()
if current_field_id == str(pk) or current_field_id == text:
link_tag = "<a class='active' href='?%s'>%s</a>" % (_url, text)
else:
link_tag = "<a href='?%s'>%s</a>" % (_url, text)
temp.append(link_tag)
link_dict[filter_field] = temp
return link_dict现在在app01 stark.py中的BookConfig类中filter_fields添加"title"字段
class BookConfig(ModelStark):
list_display = ["title", "price", "publishDate"]
model_class = ModelFormDemo
search_fields = ["title", "price"]
def edit_price_action(self, request, queryset):
queryset.update(price=111)
edit_price_action.short_description = "修改价格"
actions = [edit_price_action]
filter_fields = ["title", "authors", "publish"]此时页面上的filter中也能显示title字段的所有值，并且也能完成过滤。
9 然而现在页面上不能显示多对多的字段数据，因为多对多的字段有不止一个值，所以页面的显示效果可能会乱，下面做个简单处理。。
修改ShowList中show_body方法。
def show_body(self):
# 获取表单信息
# 定义一个新的数据列表 格式：
"""
[
["name", "age"]
["name", "age"]
.......
]
"""
new_data_list = []
for obj in self.page_data: # 获取data_list中的每一个对象
temp = [] # 定义一个内层列表，存储一个对象所有字段的值
for field in self.config.new_list_display(): # 获取每一个要展示的字段 ["name", "age"]
if callable(field): # 判断字段是否可被调用
val = field(self.config, obj) # 给自定义方法传递参数
else:
field_obj = self.config.model._meta.get_field(field)
if isinstance(field_obj, ManyToManyField):
vals = getattr(obj, field).all() # 获取所有数据
new_temp = []
for i in vals:
new_temp.append(str(i))
val = ",".join(new_temp)
else:
val = getattr(obj, field) # field是字符串，利用反射获取对象每个字段的值，
if field in self.config.list_display_links: # 判断字段是否在list_display_links中，
_url = self.config.get_change_url(obj)
val = mark_safe("<a href='%s'>%s</a>" % (_url, val))
temp.append(val)
new_data_list.append(temp)
return new_data_list在app01 stark.py中的BookConfig类中list_display添加"authors"字段
此时访问/stark/app01/book/时， 就能显示authors这一列了。但是如果我们访问其他model的列表页时可能会报错,假如访问stark/app01/author/，然后就会有这样的提示
这是因为（以author表为例）：如果用户没有给author配置list_display，那么就会使用默认的__str__，但是当程序走到show_body的这里时，
查不到__str__的字段对象，因此会报错。解决办法，异常捕获。
修改show_body方法，show_body代码：
def show_body(self):
# 获取表单信息
# 定义一个新的数据列表 格式：
"""
[
["name", "age"]
["name", "age"]
.......
]
"""
new_data_list = []
for obj in self.page_data: # 获取data_list中的每一个对象
temp = [] # 定义一个内层列表，存储一个对象所有字段的值
for field in self.config.new_list_display(): # 获取每一个要展示的字段 ["name", "age"]
if callable(field): # 判断字段是否可被调用
val = field(self.config, obj) # 给自定义方法传递参数
else:
try:
field_obj = self.config.model._meta.get_field(field)
if isinstance(field_obj, ManyToManyField):
vals = getattr(obj, field).all() # 获取所有数据
new_temp = []
for i in vals:
new_temp.append(str(i))
val = ",".join(new_temp)
else:
val = getattr(obj, field) # field是字符串，利用反射获取对象每个字段的值，
if field in self.config.list_display_links: # 判断字段是否在list_display_links中，
_url = self.config.get_change_url(obj)
val = mark_safe("<a href='%s'>%s</a>" % (_url, val))
except Exception as e:
val = getattr(obj, field)
temp.append(val)
new_data_list.append(temp)
return new_data_list
pop
当我们在admin添加数据的时候，如果哪个字段和其他表有关联，可以在输入框的后面点击加号去添加关联表的数据。下面做这个功能。
1 修改添加页面的样式，修改add_view.html，因为add_view.html使用form.html，因此在form.html上修改。
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">
<form action="" method="post" novalidate>
{% csrf_token %}
{% for field in form_obj %}
<div style="position: relative">
<label for="">{{ field.label }}</label>
{{ field }} <span style="color: red" class=" error pull-right">{{ field.errors.0 }}</span>
<a style="position: absolute;right: -30px;top: 20px;text-decoration: none;cursor: pointer"><span style="font-size: 28px">+</span></a>
</div>
{% endfor %}
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-default pull-right">提交</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>此时页面上每个表单的后面都有加号按钮，但是一些和其他表没有关联的字段是不应该有加号的，因此应该在后台进行判断。因为使用的是ModelForm组件，因此判断字段的类型是不是ModelChoiceField即可。
2 修改ModelStark类中的add_view
def add_view(self, request):
ModelFormDemo = self.get_modelform_class() # 取到的是类名
form_obj = ModelFormDemo()
for bfield in form_obj:
if isinstance(bfield.field, ModelChoiceField): # bfield.field 获取的是字段对象；bfield.name 获取的是字段名称，类型是字符串；
bfield.is_related = True
if request.method == "POST":
form_obj = ModelFormDemo(request.POST)
if form_obj.is_valid():
form_obj.save()
return redirect(self.get_list_url())
return render(request, 'add_view.html', locals())这时候只有publish和author后面有加号。
3 现在是做点击事件，修改form.html,给a标签添加一个click事件，让它跳转到对应的添加页面，因此还需要一个url。
先去add_view把url获取了
def add_view(self, request):
ModelFormDemo = self.get_modelform_class() # 取到的是类名
form_obj = ModelFormDemo()
for bfield in form_obj:
if isinstance(bfield.field, ModelChoiceField): # bfield.field 获取的是字段对象；bfield.name 获取的是字段名称，类型是字符串；
bfield.is_related = True
# 获取该字段的模型表和模型表的app
# bfield.field.queryset.model 一对多或者多对多字段的关联模型表
relateed_model_name = bfield.field.queryset.model._meta.model_name
relateed_app_label = bfield.field.queryset.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_add" % (relateed_app_label, relateed_model_name))
bfield.add_url = _url4 修改form.html,给a标签添加一个click事件
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 col-xs-10 col-md-offset-3">
<form action="" method="post" novalidate>
{% csrf_token %}
{% for field in form_obj %}
<div style="position: relative">
<label for="">{{ field.label }}</label>
{{ field }} <span style="color: red" class=" error pull-right">{{ field.errors.0 }}</span>
{% if field.is_related %}
<a onclick="pop('{{ field.add_url }}')" style="position: absolute;right: -30px;top: 20px;text-decoration: none;cursor: pointer"><span style="font-size: 28px">+</span></a>
{% endif %}
</div>
{% endfor %}
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-default pull-right">提交</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script>
function pop(url) {
window.open(url,"", "width=600,height=400,top=100,left=100")
}
</script>现在就能点击加号然后跳转到对应的模型添加页面。
Ok ，现在能跳转到对应的添加页面，但是我们需要知道在添加完数据之后给哪个字段添加数据，并且在提交表单之后要返回添加的数据，而且要把值放到字段对应的select标签里。
解决步骤：（book添加页面为例）
（1）给url加参数，修改add_view方法，在每条url的后面加上一个参数，以pop_id为键，字段名为值，即只修改下面这句代码：
bfield.add_url = _url+"?pop_id=id_%s" % bfield.name # id_%s 和select标签的id对应当点击publish后面加号时，会弹出一个publish添加页面的小窗口。然而在添加完数据后会跳到publish的列表页，但是并不希望跳到列表页，而是返回之前的book添加页面。并且返回book的添加页面时，把刚才添加的publish数据放到publish的select里。因此需要一个一个页面作为中间人来处理。这个中间人需要完成的工作：1.执行add_view.html中的js，将publish的添加数据放在publish下拉列表中；2. 关闭publish添加页面的小窗口。
（2） 首先修改add_view方法中对request.POST的处理：
def add_view(self, request):
ModelFormDemo = self.get_modelform_class() # 取到的是类名
form_obj = ModelFormDemo()
for bfield in form_obj:
if isinstance(bfield.field, ModelChoiceField): # bfield.field 获取的是字段对象；bfield.name 获取的是字段名称，类型是字符串；
bfield.is_related = True
# 获取该字段的模型表和模型表的app
# bfield.field.queryset.model 一对多或者多对多字段的关联模型表
relateed_model_name = bfield.field.queryset.model._meta.model_name
relateed_app_label = bfield.field.queryset.model._meta.app_label
_url = reverse("%s_%s_add" % (relateed_app_label, relateed_model_name))
bfield.add_url = _url+"?pop_id=id_%s" % bfield.name # id_%s 和select标签的id对应
if request.method == "POST":
form_obj = ModelFormDemo(request.POST)
if form_obj.is_valid():
obj = form_obj.save()
pop_id = request.GET.get("pop_id")
if pop_id: # 判断是否为小窗口的添加
ret = {"pk": obj.pk, "value": str(obj), "pop_id": pop_id}
return render(request, 'pop.html', ret)
else:
return redirect(self.get_list_url())
return render(request, 'add_view.html', locals())（3）添加pop.html文件
（4）修改add_view.html，添加js
<script>
function pop_response(pk, text, field_name) {
// 创建一个option标签
var $option = $("<option>");
$option.val(pk);
$option.text(text);
$option.attr("selected", "selected");
$("#"+field_name).append($option);
}
</script>（5）修改pop.html，添加js
<script>
window.opener.pop_response("{{ pk }}", "{{ value }}", "{{ pop_id }}");
window.close();
</script>现在就实现pop了。也算是实现了自定义的admin的增删改查。
