在Java中使用Velocity模板引擎有以下几种方法：
1. 使用Velocity的原始API：通过创建Velocity引擎实例，加载和渲染模板文件。以下是一个简单的示例：
```java
import org.apache.velocity.VelocityContext;
import org.apache.velocity.app.Velocity;
import java.io.StringWriter;
public class VelocityExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 初始化Velocity引擎
Velocity.init();
// 创建Velocity上下文
VelocityContext context = new VelocityContext();
context.put("name", "John Doe");
// 渲染模板
StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
Velocity.mergeTemplate("template.vm", "UTF-8", context, writer);
// 输出渲染结果
System.out.println(writer.toString());
}
}
```
2. 使用Velocity工具类：Velocity提供了一些实用的工具类来简化模板渲染过程。以下是一个示例：
```java
import org.apache.velocity.Template;
import org.apache.velocity.VelocityContext;
import org.apache.velocity.app.Velocity;
import org.apache.velocity.tools.generic.DateTool;
import java.io.StringWriter;
public class VelocityExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 初始化Velocity引擎
Velocity.init();
// 创建Velocity上下文
VelocityContext context = new VelocityContext();
context.put("name", "John Doe");
context.put("dateTool", new DateTool());
// 获取模板
Template template = Velocity.getTemplate("template.vm", "UTF-8");
// 渲染模板
StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
template.merge(context, writer);
// 输出渲染结果
System.out.println(writer.toString());
}
}
```
3. 使用Velocity与Spring集成：如果你在Spring应用程序中使用Velocity，你可以通过配置VelocityConfigurer bean来集成Velocity。以下是一个示例：
```java
import org.apache.velocity.app.VelocityEngine;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.ui.velocity.VelocityEngineFactoryBean;
@Configuration
public class VelocityConfig {
@Bean
public VelocityEngineFactoryBean velocityEngine() {
VelocityEngineFactoryBean factoryBean = new VelocityEngineFactoryBean();
factoryBean.setResourceLoaderPath("classpath:/templates/");
return factoryBean;
}
}
```
然后，你可以在Spring中注入VelocityEngine，并使用它来渲染模板。以下是一个示例：
```java
import org.apache.velocity.Template;
import org.apache.velocity.VelocityContext;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.ui.velocity.VelocityEngineUtils;
@Component
public class VelocityService {
@Autowired
private VelocityEngine velocityEngine;
public String renderTemplate() {
VelocityContext context = new VelocityContext();
context.put("name", "John Doe");
Template template = velocityEngine.getTemplate("template.vm", "UTF-8");
return VelocityEngineUtils.mergeTemplateIntoString(velocityEngine, "template.vm", "UTF-8", context);
}
}
```
