本篇内容主要讲解“linux下mysql怎么自动备份shell脚本”,感兴趣的朋友不妨来看看。本文介绍的方法操作简单快捷,实用性强。下面就让小编来带大家学习“linux下mysql怎么自动备份shell脚本”吧!
Linux 服务器上的程序每天都在更新 MySQL 数据库,于是就想起写一个 shell 脚本,结合 crontab,定时备份数据库。其实非常简单,主要就是使用 MySQL 自带的 mysqldump 命令。
#!/bin/bash # Shell script to backup MySql database # To backup Nysql databases file to /backup dir and later pick up by your # script. You can skip few databases from backup too. # For more info please see (Installation info): # http://www.cyberciti.biz/nixcraft/vivek/blogger/2005/01/mysql-backup-script.html # Last updated: Aug - 2005 # -------------------------------------------------------------------- # This is a free shell script under GNU GPL version 2.0 or above # Copyright (C) 2004, 2005 nixCraft project # Feedback/comment/suggestions : http://cyberciti.biz/fb/ # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- # This script is part of nixCraft shell script collection (NSSC) # Visit http://bash.cyberciti.biz/ for more information. # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- MyUSER="SET-MYSQL-USER-NAME" # USERNAME MyPASS="SET-PASSWORD" # PASSWORD MyHOST="localhost" # Hostname # Linux bin paths, change this if it can not be autodetected via which command MYSQL="$(which mysql)" MYSQLDUMP="$(which mysqldump)" CHOWN="$(which chown)" CHMOD="$(which chmod)" GZIP="$(which gzip)" # Backup Dest directory, change this if you have someother location DEST="/backup" # Main directory where backup will be stored MBD="$DEST/mysql" # Get hostname HOST="$(hostname)" # Get data in dd-mm-yyyy format NOW="$(date +"%d-%m-%Y")" # File to store current backup file FILE="" # Store list of databases DBS="" # DO NOT BACKUP these databases IGGY="test" [ ! -d $MBD ] && mkdir -p $MBD || : # Only root can access it! $CHOWN 0.0 -R $DEST $CHMOD 0600 $DEST # Get all database list first DBS="$($MYSQL -u $MyUSER -h $MyHOST -p$MyPASS -Bse 'show databases')" for db in $DBS do skipdb=-1 if [ "$IGGY" != "" ]; then for i in $IGGY do [ "$db" == "$i" ] && skipdb=1 || : done fi if [ "$skipdb" == "-1" ] ; then FILE="$MBD/$db.$HOST.$NOW.gz" # do all inone job in pipe, # connect to mysql using mysqldump for select mysql database # and pipe it out to gz file in backup dir :) $MYSQLDUMP -u $MyUSER -h $MyHOST -p$MyPASS $db | $GZIP -9 > $FILE fi done
保存后将以上脚本加入crontab调度。如:每天早上四点半备份:30 4 * * * /data/backup-db.sh
如果你使用mysql5.1,可能会提示mysqldump 错误:
mysqldump: Couldn't execute 'show create table `general_log`': Table 'mysql.general_log' doesn't existmysqldump: Couldn't execute 'show create table `slow_log`': Table 'mysql.slow_log' doesn't exist
原因是mysql库中没有show_log表和general_log表,需要手动创建:
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS general_log ( event_time timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, user_host mediumtext NOT NULL, thread_id int(11) NOT NULL, server_id int(10) unsigned NOT NULL, command_type varchar(64) NOT NULL, argument mediumtext NOT NULL ) ENGINE=CSV DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='General log'; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS slow_log ( start_time timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, user_host mediumtext NOT NULL, query_time time NOT NULL, lock_time time NOT NULL, rows_sent int(11) NOT NULL, rows_examined int(11) NOT NULL, db varchar(512) NOT NULL, last_insert_id int(11) NOT NULL, insert_id int(11) NOT NULL, server_id int(10) unsigned NOT NULL, sql_text mediumtext NOT NULL ) ENGINE=CSV DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='Slow log';
方法二:
注意:
DumpFile=db$(date +%y%m%d)如果设置为这样一定要将此脚本放备份目录下才行。DumpFile="$BackupPath"db$(date +%y%m%d) 如果设置为这样,日志中会有这样的提示tar: Removing leading `/' from member names 是因为备份的目录使用的是绝对路径,不过这样不影响数据,可以根据自己习惯而定。-------------------------------------------------------------------start#!/bin/bash#This is a ShellScript For Auto DB Backup#Powered by aspbiz#2004-09#Setting#设置数据库名,数据库登录名,密码,备份路径,日志路径,数据文件位置,以及备份方式#默认情况下备份方式是tar,还可以是mysqldump,mysqldotcopy#默认情况下,用root(空)登录mysql数据库,备份至/root/dbxxxxx.tgzDBName=mysqlDBUser=rootDBPasswd=BackupPath=/root/LogFile=/root/db.logDBPath=/var/lib/mysql/#BackupMethod=mysqldump#BackupMethod=mysqlhotcopy#BackupMethod=tar#Setting EndNewFile="$BackupPath"db$(date +%y%m%d).tgzDumpFile="$BackupPath"db$(date +%y%m%d)OldFile="$BackupPath"db$(date +%y%m%d --date='5 days ago').tgzecho "-------------------------------------------" >> $LogFileecho $(date +"%y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") >> $LogFileecho "--------------------------" >> $LogFile#Delete Old Fileif [ -f $OldFile ]thenrm -f $OldFile >> $LogFile 2>&1echo "[$OldFile]Delete Old File Success!" >> $LogFileelseecho "[$OldFile]No Old Backup File!" >> $LogFilefiif [ -f $NewFile ]thenecho "[$NewFile]The Backup File is exists,Can't Backup!" >> $LogFileelsecase $BackupMethod inmysqldump)if [ -z $DBPasswd ]thenmysqldump -u $DBUser --opt $DBName > $DumpFileelsemysqldump -u $DBUser -p$DBPasswd --opt $DBName > $DumpFilefitar czvf $NewFile $DumpFile >> $LogFile 2>&1echo "[$NewFile]Backup Success!" >> $LogFilerm -rf $DumpFile;;mysqlhotcopy)rm -rf $DumpFilemkdir $DumpFileif [ -z $DBPasswd ]thenmysqlhotcopy -u $DBUser $DBName $DumpFile >> $LogFile 2>&1elsemysqlhotcopy -u $DBUser -p $DBPasswd $DBName $DumpFile >>$LogFile 2>&1fitar czvf $NewFile $DumpFile >> $LogFile 2>&1echo "[$NewFile]Backup Success!" >> $LogFilerm -rf $DumpFile;;*)/etc/init.d/mysqld stop >/dev/null 2>&1tar czvf $NewFile $DBPath$DBName >> $LogFile 2>&1/etc/init.d/mysqld start >/dev/null 2>&1echo "[$NewFile]Backup Success!" >> $LogFile;;esacfiecho "-------------------------------------------" >> $LogFile---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------end
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