简介
本文用示例介绍SpringBoot如何解决BigDecimal传到前端后精度丢失问题。
问题描述
实例
Controller
package com.knife.controller;
import com.knife.entity.UserVO;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("user")
public class UserController {
@GetMapping("save")
public UserVO save(BigDecimal amount) {
UserVO userVO = new UserVO();
userVO.setId(1L);
userVO.setUsername("Tony");
userVO.setAmount(amount);
return userVO;
}
}
Entity
package com.knife.entity;
import lombok.Data;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
@Data
public class UserVO {
private Long id;
private String username;
private BigDecimal amount;
}
测试
访问:http://localhost:8080/user/save?amount=12345671234567.1234
结果
问题复现
场景描述
实际项目中前端会这样处理:调用后端接口获得JSON格式的响应字符串,然后将JSON字符串解析为JavaScript对象(用于展示到对应的位置、方便计算等)。
前端调后端的写接口(增删改)时,会将JavaScript对象序列化为JSON格式的字符串,然后将其作为参数请求后端接口。
实例1:精度丢失
const json = '{"id": 1, "name": "Tony", "amount": 12345671234567.12345}';
const obj = JSON.parse(json);
console.log(obj.amount); // 12345671234567.123
console.log(JSON.stringify(obj)); // {"id":1,"name":"Tony","amount":12345671234567.123}
可以看到,在将json字符串转为JavaScript对象后,“amount” 丢失了精度。
实例2:丢失小数位
const json = '{"id": 1, "name": "Tony", "amount": 12345671234567.00000}';
const obj = JSON.parse(json);
console.log(obj.amount); // 12345671234567
console.log(JSON.stringify(obj)); // {"id":1,"name":"Tony","amount":12345671234567}
可以看到,在将json字符串转为JavaScript对象后,“amount” 丢失了小数。
其他示例
const json = '{"id": 1, "name": "Tony", "amount": 12345671234567.12345}';
const obj = JSON.parse(json);
console.log(obj.amount); // 12345671234567.123
const json = '{"id": 1, "name": "Tony", "amount": 123456712345678.12345}';
const obj = JSON.parse(json);
console.log(obj.amount); // 123456712345678.12
const json = '{"id": 1, "name": "Tony", "amount": 98765432198765.12345}';
const obj = JSON.parse(json);
console.log(obj.amount); // 98765432198765.12
const json = '{"id": 1, "name": "Tony", "amount": 987654321987654321.12345}';
const obj = JSON.parse(json);
console.log(obj.amount); // 987654321987654300
Java后端BigDecimal的范围
1.范围没有限制,可以认为无限大、无限小
2.可以通过如下代码验证:
package com.example.a;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
BigDecimal bigDecimal = new BigDecimal(
"1234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
+ "1234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
+ ".123456789"
);
System.out.println(bigDecimal);
}
}
执行结果:
12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890.123456789
解决方案
把BigDecimal的序列化值改成字符串类型即可。
方案1:全局处理
法1:ToStringSerializer
配置类
package com.knife.config;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.module.SimpleModule;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.std.ToStringSerializer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilder;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
@Configuration
public class JacksonConfig {
@Bean
public ObjectMapper jacksonObjectMapper(Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilder builder) {
ObjectMapper objectMapper = builder.createXmlMapper(false).build();
// 全局配置序列化返回 JSON 处理
SimpleModule simpleModule = new SimpleModule();
// 将使用String来序列化BigDecimal类型
simpleModule.addSerializer(BigDecimal.class, ToStringSerializer.instance);
objectMapper.registerModule(simpleModule);
return objectMapper;
}
}
测试
访问:http://localhost:8080/user/save?amount=12345671234567.1234
结果:
法2:自定义序列化
自定义序列化器
package com.knife.config;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonGenerator;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JacksonStdImpl;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.jsontype.TypeSerializer;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.std.ToStringSerializer;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.RoundingMode;
@JacksonStdImpl
class BigDecimalToStringSerializer extends ToStringSerializer {
public final static BigDecimalToStringSerializer instance = new BigDecimalToStringSerializer();
public BigDecimalToStringSerializer() {
super(Object.class);
}
public BigDecimalToStringSerializer(Class<?> handledType) {
super(handledType);
}
@Override
public boolean isEmpty(SerializerProvider prov, Object value) {
if (value == null) {
return true;
}
String str = ((BigDecimal) value).stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString();
return str.isEmpty();
}
@Override
public void serialize(Object value, JsonGenerator gen, SerializerProvider provider)
throws IOException {
gen.writeString(((BigDecimal) value).stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString());
// 如果要求所有BigDecimal保留两位小数,可以这么写:
// gen.writeString(((BigDecimal) value).setScale(2, RoundingMode.HALF_UP)
// .stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString());
}
@Override
public void serializeWithType(Object value, JsonGenerator gen,
SerializerProvider provider, TypeSerializer typeSer)
throws IOException {
// no type info, just regular serialization
serialize(value, gen, provider);
}
}
配置类
package com.knife.config;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.module.SimpleModule;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.std.ToStringSerializer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilder;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
@Configuration
public class JacksonConfig {
@Bean
public ObjectMapper jacksonObjectMapper(Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilder builder) {
ObjectMapper objectMapper = builder.createXmlMapper(false).build();
// 全局配置序列化返回 JSON 处理
SimpleModule simpleModule = new SimpleModule();
// 将使用String来序列化BigDecimal类型
simpleModule.addSerializer(BigDecimal.class, BigDecimalToStringSerializer.instance);
objectMapper.registerModule(simpleModule);
return objectMapper;
}
}
测试
访问:http://localhost:8080/user/save?amount=12345671234567.1234
结果:
方案2:局部处理
法1:@JsonSerialize
在相应字段上加此注解:
@JsonSerialize(using= ToStringSerializer.class)
示例
package com.knife.entity;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.std.ToStringSerializer;
import lombok.Data;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
@Data
public class UserVO {
private Long id;
private String username;
@JsonSerialize(using= ToStringSerializer.class)
private BigDecimal amount;
}
测试
访问:http://localhost:8080/user/save?amount=12345671234567.1234
结果:
法2:@JsonFormat
在相应字段上加此注解:
@JsonFormat(shape = JsonFormat.Shape.STRING)
示例
package com.knife.entity;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat;
import lombok.Data;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
@Data
public class UserVO {
private Long id;
private String username;
@JsonFormat(shape = JsonFormat.Shape.STRING)
private BigDecimal amount;
}
测试
访问:http://localhost:8080/user/save?amount=12345671234567.1234
结果:
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