This reference manual describes the syntax and “core semantics” of the language. It is terse, but attempts to be exact and complete. The semantics of non-essential built-in object types and of the built-in functions and modules are described in The Python Standard Library. For an informal introduction to the language, see The Python Tutorial. For C or C++ programmers, two additional manuals exist:Extending and Embedding the Python Interpreter describes the high-level picture of how to write a Python extension module, and thePython/C API Reference Manual describes the interfaces available to C/C++ programmers in detail.
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Alternate Implementations
- 1.2. Notation
- 2. Lexical analysis
- 2.1. Line structure
- 2.2. Other tokens
- 2.3. Identifiers and keywords
- 2.4. Literals
- 2.5. Operators
- 2.6. Delimiters
- 3. Data model
- 3.1. Objects, values and types
- 3.2. The standard type hierarchy
- 3.3. New-style and classic classes
- 3.4. Special method names
- 4. Execution model
- 4.1. Naming and binding
- 4.2. Exceptions
- 5. Expressions
- 5.1. Arithmetic conversions
- 5.2. Atoms
- 5.3. Primaries
- 5.4. The power operator
- 5.5. Unary arithmetic and bitwise operations
- 5.6. Binary arithmetic operations
- 5.7. Shifting operations
- 5.8. Binary bitwise operations
- 5.9. Comparisons
- 5.10. Boolean operations
- 5.11. Conditional Expressions
- 5.12. Lambdas
- 5.13. Expression lists
- 5.14. Evaluation order
- 5.15. Operator precedence
- 6. Simple statements
- 6.1. Expression statements
- 6.2. Assignment statements
- 6.3. The
assertstatement - 6.4. The
passstatement - 6.5. The
delstatement - 6.6. The
printstatement - 6.7. The
returnstatement - 6.8. The
yieldstatement - 6.9. The
raisestatement - 6.10. The
breakstatement - 6.11.
The
continuestatement - 6.12. The
importstatement - 6.13. The
globalstatement - 6.14. The
execstatement
- 7. Compound statements
- 7.1. The
ifstatement - 7.2. The
whilestatement - 7.3. The
forstatement - 7.4. The
trystatement - 7.5. The
withstatement - 7.6. Function definitions
- 7.7. Class definitions
- 7.1. The
- 8. Top-level components
- 8.1. Complete Python programs
- 8.2. File input
- 8.3. Interactive input
- 8.4. Expression input
- 9. Full Grammar specification
from: https://docs.python.org/2/reference/index.html#reference-index
