jpa 返回结果自定义查询
这里自定义的实体是没有在数据映射的实体。可以返回聚合函数的值。（个人理解可以。。。。。。）
第一种方法
实体类。（这里本人使用的是idea）
@Data
public class NameOnlyDto implements Serializable {
private String firstName;
private String lastName;
private String sex ;
}repository类（这里不是 使用的继承jpa中的 的方式。而是使用的EntityManager）。代码中有详细的注释。
@Repository
public class CustomEntity {
// 实体管理器EntityManager是负责管理Entity的对象。对Entity的操作包括添加、删除、修改和查询，都是通过实体管理器来实现的。
@PersistenceContext
private EntityManager entityManager;
//EntityManagerFactory
@Transactional
public List<NameOnlyDto> listNameOnlyDto(){
String sql = "select p.last_name lastName, p.first_name firstName from PERSON p";
// hibernate 5.2 之前
// SQLQuery sqlQuery = entityManager.createNativeQuery(sql).unwrap(NativeQueryImpl.class);
// hibernate 5.2 之后的 写法
// unwrap 让JPA的Query返回Map对象 javax.persistence.Query.unwrap
// hibernate 或jpa 中使用 AliasToBeanResultTransformer 自定义类型转换ResultTransformer 下划线转驼峰
SQLQuery sqlQuery = entityManager.createNativeQuery(sql).unwrap(NativeQueryImpl.class);
Query query =
sqlQuery.setResultTransformer(Transformers.aliasToBean(NameOnlyDto.class));
List<NameOnlyDto> list =query.getResultList();
entityManager.clear();
return list;
}
}OK。就这样就可以了。个人测试似乎在oracle数据库 不行。可能是sql查询结果不太一样
第二种方法
可以在特定的场合使用。
自定义类
public class NameOnlyDtoT implements Serializable {
private String firstName;
private String lastName;
// private String address;
private String sex;
//构造函数 特殊注意 这里返回几个字段就要有几个字段的构造参数 感觉不太合适的地方
public NameOnlyDtoT(String firstName, String lastName) {
this.firstName = firstName;
this.lastName = lastName;
}
}这里是repository中的写法
// 切记不能使用@query.如果使用@query 个人感觉和上面那种方法是一样的逻辑
List<T> findByLastName(String lastname,Class<T> type);
使用（这里注意的是NameOnlyDtoT 中字段能赋值的只能是person中 含有的字段。这是个人觉得鸡肋的存在）
public List<NameOnlyDtoT> testNameOnlyDtoTS(){
List<NameOnlyDtoT> nameOnlyDtoTS= personRepository.findByLastName("哈哈", NameOnlyDtoT.class);
return nameOnlyDtoTS;
}使用jpa两张表联查返回自定义实体
在java开发中，用Jpa框架做连表查询时(需要返回两张表的各自部分字段)，在返回对象的过程中感觉比较棘手，一直没有一个好的解决方案，网上也有各种版本的方法，下面的方法本人感觉最方便使用
1、创建一个SpringBoot空白项目，引入pom依赖
先看项目结构，为了简化，没有引入service层，直接使用controller调用dao层
pom.xml配置
<!-- web依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- lombok依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.8</version>
</dependency>
<!-- jpa依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>2、application.yml配置文件
server:
port: 13333
spring:
datasource:
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull
username: root
password: 12345678
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jpa:
show-sql: true
hibernate:
ddl-auto: none3、数据库（有两张表user/address）
我们现在需要联查user和address表，address表中的user_id是和user表中id是做关联查询
4、User.java 和 Address.java
5、UserDaoRepository.java 和 AddressDaoRepository.java
附上UserDaoRepository.java的代码
package com.lss.jpa.dao;
import com.lss.jpa.entity.dto.UserAddressDto;
import com.lss.jpa.entity.po.User;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public interface UserDaoRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Integer> {
@Query(value = "select \"title\" as common, u.id as id, u.name as name, a.id as addressId, a.address as addressName from user u, address a where u.id = a.user_id", nativeQuery = true)
public List<UserAddressDto> findAllUserAddress();
@Query(value = "select \"title\" as common, u.id as id, u.name as name, a.id as addressId, a.address as addressName from user u, address a where u.id = a.user_id and u.id=1", nativeQuery = true)
public UserAddressDto findAllUserAddressById();
@Query(value = "select \"title\" as common, u.id as id, u.name as name, a.id as addressId, a.address as addressName from user u, address a where u.id = a.user_id and u.id=1", nativeQuery = true)
public Map<String, Object> findAllUserAddressByMap();
}6、UserAddressDto.java代码
package com.lss.jpa.entity.dto;
public interface UserAddressDto {
Integer getId();
String getName();
String getAddressName();
Integer getAddressId();
String getCommon();
}此处我们自定义了UserAdressDto来接收两张表返回的数据，注意：此时创建的是一个interface，并且里面的字段是用get的形式创建的接收参数
7、TestController.java
package com.lss.jpa.web;
import com.lss.jpa.dao.UserDaoRepository;
import com.lss.jpa.entity.dto.UserAddressDto;
import com.lss.jpa.entity.po.User;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class TestController {
@Autowired
private UserDaoRepository userDaoRepository;
@GetMapping("test")
public String test(){
List<UserAddressDto> all = userDaoRepository.findAllUserAddress();
all.stream().forEach(dto -> {
log.info("result: id:{}, name:{}, addressId:{}, addressName:{}, common:{}", dto.getId(), dto.getName(), dto.getAddressId(), dto.getAddressName(), dto.getCommon());
});
UserAddressDto dto = userDaoRepository.findAllUserAddressById();
log.info("result: id:{}, name:{}, addressId:{}, addressName:{}, common:{}", dto.getId(), dto.getName(), dto.getAddressId(), dto.getAddressName(), dto.getCommon());
Map<String, Object> map = userDaoRepository.findAllUserAddressByMap();
log.info("map:{}", map);
List<User> userList = userDaoRepository.findAll();
log.info("userList:{}", userList);
return "ok";
}
}最后，启动项目，调用/test接口
curl http://localhost:13333/test
看console里打印结果
Hibernate: select "title" as common, u.id as id, u.name as name, a.id as addressId, a.address as addressName from user u, address a where u.id = a.user_id
2020-02-23 13:14:33.293 INFO 2816 --- [io-13333-exec-3] com.lss.jpa.web.TestController : result: id:1, name:zhangsan , addressId:1, addressName:beijing, common:title
2020-02-23 13:14:33.293 INFO 2816 --- [io-13333-exec-3] com.lss.jpa.web.TestController : result: id:2, name:lisi, addressId:2, addressName:tianjin, common:title
Hibernate: select "title" as common, u.id as id, u.name as name, a.id as addressId, a.address as addressName from user u, address a where u.id = a.user_id and u.id=1
2020-02-23 13:14:33.296 INFO 2816 --- [io-13333-exec-3] com.lss.jpa.web.TestController : result: id:1, name:zhangsan , addressId:1, addressName:beijing, common:title
Hibernate: select "title" as common, u.id as id, u.name as name, a.id as addressId, a.address as addressName from user u, address a where u.id = a.user_id and u.id=1
2020-02-23 13:14:33.299 INFO 2816 --- [io-13333-exec-3] com.lss.jpa.web.TestController : map:org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.AbstractJpaQuery$TupleConverter$TupleBackedMap@72cce81
Hibernate: select user0_.id as id1_1_, user0_.name as name2_1_ from user user0_
2020-02-23 13:14:33.305 INFO 2816 --- [io-13333-exec-3] com.lss.jpa.web.TestController : userList:[User(id=1, name=zhangsan ), User(id=2, name=lisi), User(id=3, name=wangwu), User(id=4, name=zhaoliu)]
我们可以拷到输出的sql和联查出来的数据结果，都被dto完美接收
特别注意，接收的dto一定要是interface，里面的参数要写成get形式的方法体，这样jpa在查询到数据后，会自动映射到interface里，通过调用get的方法体相当于调用了参数值，这样就会把数据取出来
以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持编程网。
