本文实例为大家分享了java实现哈夫曼文件解压缩的具体代码,供大家参考,具体内容如下
1、哈夫曼压缩对已经经过压缩处理的文件压缩率比较低,比如ppt和视频。
2、这个程序主要涉及到集合、树、IO相关知识。
字符的统计可以用map集合进行统计。
哈夫曼树的构建过程也并不复杂:
①先对树的集合按照根节点大小进行排序
②拿出根节点数值最小的两棵树,用它两构建成一颗新的树;
③从集合中删除之前那两颗根节点最小的数;
④把新生成的树加入到集合中
一直循环重复上面的过程,直到集合的大小变成1为止;
写出、读取文件时注意使用对象流Object流。
3、个程序可以对字符进行压缩,也可以对文件进行压缩。代码中的主函数中只是调用了对文件解压缩的方法,若想对字符进行解压缩,可以调用对应的方法。
4、代码如下:
package huffmancode;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
public class HuffManCode
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
String srcFile="d://mydata.txt";//要压缩的文件
String dstFile="d://mydata.zip";//压缩后的文件
zipFile(srcFile, dstFile);//压缩文件
System.out.println("压缩成功!");
unZipFile(dstFile,"d://unzip.txt");//对刚才的文件进行解压,解压后的文件名称叫做unzip.txt
System.out.println("解压文件成功!");
}
public static void unZipFile(String zipFile,String dstFile)
{
InputStream inputStream=null;
ObjectInputStream objectInputStream=null;
OutputStream outputStream=null;
try
{
inputStream=new FileInputStream(zipFile);
objectInputStream=new ObjectInputStream(inputStream);
byte [] array= (byte [])objectInputStream.readObject();
Map<Byte,String> map=(Map<Byte,String>)objectInputStream.readObject();
byte[] decode = decode(map, array);
outputStream=new FileOutputStream(dstFile);
outputStream.write(decode);
} catch (Exception e)
{
System.out.println(e);
}finally
{
try {
outputStream.close();
objectInputStream.close();
inputStream.close();
} catch (Exception e2) {
System.out.println(e2);
}
}
}
public static void zipFile(String srcFile,String dstFile)
{
FileInputStream inputStream=null;
OutputStream outputStream=null;
ObjectOutputStream objectOutputStream=null;
try
{
inputStream=new FileInputStream(srcFile);
byte [] b=new byte[inputStream.available()];
inputStream.read(b);
byte[] huffmanZip = huffmanZip(b);
outputStream=new FileOutputStream(dstFile);
objectOutputStream=new ObjectOutputStream(outputStream);
objectOutputStream.writeObject(huffmanZip);
objectOutputStream.writeObject(map);
} catch (Exception e)
{
System.out.println(e);
}
finally
{
if(inputStream!=null)
{
try
{
objectOutputStream.close();
outputStream.close();
inputStream.close();//释放资源
} catch (Exception e2)
{
System.out.println(e2);
}
}
}
}
private static byte[] decode(Map<Byte, String> map,byte [] array)
{
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
for(int i=0;i<array.length;i++)
{
boolean flag=(i==array.length-1);
stringBuilder.append(byteToBitString(!flag, array[i]));
}
Map<String, Byte> map2=new HashMap<String, Byte>();//反向编码表
Set<Byte> keySet = map.keySet();
for(Byte b:keySet)
{
String value=map.get(b);
map2.put(value, b);
}
List<Byte> list=new ArrayList<Byte>();
for (int i = 0; i < stringBuilder.length();)
{
int count=1;
boolean flag=true;
Byte byte1=null;
while (flag)
{
String substring = stringBuilder.substring(i, i+count);
byte1 = map2.get(substring);
if(byte1==null)
{
count++;
}
else
{
flag=false;
}
}
list.add(byte1);
i+=count;
}
byte [] by=new byte[list.size()];
for(int i=0;i<by.length;i++)
{
by[i]=list.get(i);
}
return by;
}
private static String byteToBitString(boolean flag, byte b)
{
int temp=b;
if(flag)
{
temp|=256;
}
String binaryString = Integer.toBinaryString(temp);
if(flag)
{
return binaryString.substring(binaryString.length()-8);
}
else
{
return binaryString;
}
}
private static byte[] huffmanZip(byte [] array)
{
List<Node> nodes = getNodes(array);
Node createHuffManTree = createHuffManTree(nodes);
Map<Byte, String> m=getCodes(createHuffManTree);
byte[] zip = zip(array, m);
return zip;
}
//
private static byte[] zip(byte [] array,Map<Byte,String> map)
{
StringBuilder sBuilder=new StringBuilder();
for(byte item:array)
{
String value=map.get(item);
sBuilder.append(value);
}
//System.out.println(sBuilder);
int len;
if(sBuilder.toString().length()%8==0)//如果可以整除
{
len=sBuilder.toString().length()/8;
}
else //如果不能整除
{
len=sBuilder.toString().length()/8+1;
}
byte [] by=new byte[len];
int index=0;
for(int i=0;i<sBuilder.length();i+=8)
{
String string;
if((i+8)>sBuilder.length())
{
string=sBuilder.substring(i);
}
else
{
string=sBuilder.substring(i, i+8);
}
by[index]=(byte)Integer.parseInt(string,2);
index++;
}
return by;
}
//重载
private static Map<Byte, String> getCodes(Node root)
{
if(root==null)
{
return null;
}
getCodes(root.leftNode,"0",sBuilder);
getCodes(root.rightNode,"1",sBuilder);
return map;
}
//获取哈夫曼编码
static Map<Byte, String> map=new HashMap<>();
static StringBuilder sBuilder=new StringBuilder();
public static void getCodes(Node node,String code,StringBuilder stringBuilder)
{
StringBuilder stringBuilder2=new StringBuilder(stringBuilder);
stringBuilder2.append(code);
if(node!=null)
{
if(node.data==null)//非叶子结点
{
//向左递归
getCodes(node.leftNode,"0",stringBuilder2);
//向右递归
getCodes(node.rightNode,"1",stringBuilder2);
}
else //如果是叶子结点
{
map.put(node.data,stringBuilder2.toString());
}
}
}
public static List<Node> getNodes(byte [] array)
{
List<Node> list=new ArrayList<Node>();
Map<Byte, Integer> map=new HashMap<Byte, Integer>();
for(Byte data:array)
{
Integer count=map.get(data);//通过键获取值
if(count==null)//说明此时map集合中还没有改字符
{
map.put(data, 1);
}
else
{
map.put(data,count+1);
}
}
//遍历map集合
Set<Byte> set=map.keySet();
for(Byte key:set)
{
int value=map.get(key);
Node node=new Node(key, value);
list.add(node);
}
return list;
}
private static Node createHuffManTree(List<Node> list)
{
while(list.size()>1)
{
Collections.sort(list);//先对集合进行排序
Node leftNode=list.get(0);
Node rightNode=list.get(1);
Node parentNode=new Node(null, leftNode.weight+rightNode.weight);
parentNode.leftNode=leftNode;
parentNode.rightNode=rightNode;
list.remove(leftNode);
list.remove(rightNode);
list.add(parentNode);
}
return list.get(0);
}
}
class Node implements Comparable<Node>
{
Byte data;//字符
int weight;//字符出现的次数
Node leftNode;
Node rightNode;
public Node(Byte data,int weight)//构造器
{
this.data=data;
this.weight=weight;
}
@Override
public int compareTo(Node o)
{
return this.weight-o.weight;
}
@Override
public String toString()
{
return "Node [data=" + data + ", weight=" + weight + "]";
}
//前序遍历
public void preOrder()
{
System.out.println(this);
if(this.leftNode!=null)
{
this.leftNode.preOrder();
}
if(this.rightNode!=null)
{
this.rightNode.preOrder();
}
}
}
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持编程网。