这篇文章主要介绍“C++中new类型的运算符怎么使用”,在日常操作中,相信很多人在C++中new类型的运算符怎么使用问题上存在疑惑,小编查阅了各式资料,整理出简单好用的操作方法,希望对大家解答”C++中new类型的运算符怎么使用”的疑惑有所帮助!接下来,请跟着小编一起来学习吧!
1.new操作符
new operator,平时用的最多的new操作符,其对应delete operator,不能被重载,其包含两个操作(既申请空间,又调用构造函数)
(1)使用::operator new申请内存
(2)调用类的构造函数
class CTestUse{public: CTestUse() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; } virtual ~CTestUse() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; } private:}; void test(){ string *pStr = new string("new operator"); cout << *pStr << endl; delete pStr; CTestUse *pCase = new CTestUse; delete pCase;} int main(int argc, char *argv[]){ test(); return 0;}
运行结果如下:
2.::operator new
::operator new,只会申请空间,不会调用构造函数,可以被重载,其对应 ::operator delete (只申请空间)
2.1原始调用
class CTestUse1{public: CTestUse1() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; } virtual ~CTestUse1() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; } void show() { cout << __FILE__ << " " << __FUNCTION__ << endl; } private:}; void test1(){ CTestUse1 *pCase = (CTestUse1 *)::operator new (sizeof(CTestUse1)); pCase->show(); ::operator delete(pCase); } int main(int argc, char *argv[]){ test1(); return 0;}
运行结果如下:
2.2重载1
class CTestUse2{public: CTestUse2() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; } virtual ~CTestUse2() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; } void show() { cout << __FILE__ << " " << __FUNCTION__ << endl; } void* operator new(size_t size) { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; return ::operator new(size); } void operator delete(void* ptr) { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; ::operator delete(ptr); } private:}; void test2(){ CTestUse2 *pCase = new CTestUse2; pCase->show(); delete pCase; } int main(int argc, char *argv[]){ test2(); return 0;}
运行结果如下:
2.3重载2
class CTestUse3{public: CTestUse3() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; } virtual ~CTestUse3() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; } void show() { cout << __FILE__ << " " << __FUNCTION__ << endl; } void* operator new(size_t size, string str) { cout << __FUNCTION__ << str << endl; return ::operator new(size); } void operator delete(void* ptr) { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; ::operator delete(ptr); } private:}; void test3(){ CTestUse3 *pCase = new ("heshiyang") CTestUse3; pCase->show(); delete pCase; } int main(int argc, char *argv[]){ test3(); return 0;}
运行结果如下:
3.place new
place new在已经构建好的内存中创建对象,其只会返回已经申请好的内存指针,多用在高性能场景下,提前申请好内存,可以节省申请内存开消 (只调用构造函数)
class CTestUse4{public: CTestUse4() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; } virtual ~CTestUse4() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; } void show() { cout << __FILE__ << " " << __FUNCTION__ << endl; } void* operator new(size_t size, void* p) { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; return p; } void operator delete(void* ptr) { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; ::operator delete(ptr); } private:}; void test4(){ char* pChar = new char[sizeof(CTestUse4)]; CTestUse4* pCase = new (pChar) CTestUse4; //调用全局::new (pChar) CTestUse4,new (pChar) CTestUse4调用重载new //delete pCase; pCase->~CTestUse4();} int main(int argc, char *argv[]){ test4(); return 0;}
运行结果如下:
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