postgres=# create table tbl_hot(id int primary key, info text);
CREATE TABLE
postgres=# insert into tbl_hot select generate_series(1, 4), "lottu";
INSERT 0 4
postgres=# select ctid ,t.* from tbl_hot t;
ctid | id | info
-------+----+-------
(0,1) | 1 | lottu
(0,2) | 2 | lottu
(0,3) | 3 | lottu
(0,4) | 4 | lottu
(4 rows)
postgres=# d tbl_hot
Table "public.tbl_hot"
Column | Type | Collation | Nullable | Default
--------+---------+-----------+----------+---------
id | integer | | not null |
info | text | | |
Indexes:
"tbl_hot_pkey" PRIMARY KEY, btree (id)
postgres=# update tbl_hot set info = "rax" where id = 4;
UPDATE 1
postgres=# select ctid ,t.* from tbl_hot t;
ctid | id | info
-------+----+-------
(0,1) | 1 | lottu
(0,2) | 2 | lottu
(0,3) | 3 | lottu
(0,5) | 4 | rax
(4 rows)
postgres=# select * from bt_page_items("tbl_hot_pkey", 1);
itemoffset | ctid | itemlen | nulls | vars | data
------------+-------+---------+-------+------+-------------------------
1 | (0,1) | 16 | f | f | 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
2 | (0,2) | 16 | f | f | 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
3 | (0,3) | 16 | f | f | 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
4 | (0,4) | 16 | f | f | 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
(4 rows)
bt_page_items函数是用来:返回关于B-树索引页面上所有项的详细信息,在B树叶子页面中,ctid指向一个堆元组。在内部页面中,ctid的块编号部分指向索引本身中的另一个页面。
postgres=# explain select id from tbl_hot where id = 4;
QUERY PLAN
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Index Only Scan using tbl_hot_pkey on tbl_hot (cost=0.15..8.17 rows=1 width=4)
Index Cond: (id = 4)
(2 rows)
get_raw_page: 根据参数表明、数据文件类型(main、fsm、vm)以及page位置,将当前表文件中的page内容返回。还有一个函数于此同名,只有两个参数,是将第二个参数省略,直接使用"main"。
heap_page_items: 参数是函数get_raw_page的返回值,返回值是将page内的项指针(ItemIddata)以及HeapTupleHeaderData的详细信息。
其中理解下下面字段含义
lp:这是插件自己定义的列,在源码中其实没有,这个是项指针的顺序。
lp_off:tuple在page中的位置
lp_flags: 含义如下
#define LP_UNUSED 0
#define LP_NORMAL 1
#define LP_REDIRECT 2
#define LP_DEAD 3
t_ctid: 这个是指物理ID
t_infomask2:表字段的个数以及一些flags;其中flag含义
#define HEAP_NATTS_MASK 0x07FF
#define HEAP_KEYS_UPDATED 0x2000
#define HEAP_HOT_UPDATED 0x4000
#define HEAP_ONLY_TUPLE 0x8000
#define HEAP2_XACT_MASK 0xE000
postgres=# select * from heap_page_items(get_raw_page("tbl_hot", 0));
lp | lp_off | lp_flags | lp_len | t_xmin | t_xmax | t_field3 | t_ctid | t_infomask2 | t_infomask | t_hoff | t_bits | t_oid | t_data
----+--------+----------+--------+--------+--------+----------+--------+-------------+------------+--------+--------+-------+------------------------
1 | 8152 | 1 | 34 | 554 | 0 | 0 | (0,1) | 2 | 2306 | 24 | | | x010000000d6c6f747475
2 | 8112 | 1 | 34 | 554 | 0 | 0 | (0,2) | 2 | 2306 | 24 | | | x020000000d6c6f747475
3 | 8072 | 1 | 34 | 554 | 0 | 0 | (0,3) | 2 | 2306 | 24 | | | x030000000d6c6f747475
4 | 8032 | 1 | 34 | 554 | 555 | 0 | (0,5) | 16386 | 1282 | 24 | | | x040000000d6c6f747475
5 | 8000 | 1 | 32 | 555 | 0 | 0 | (0,5) | 32770 | 10498 | 24 | | | x0400000009726178
(5 rows)
postgres=# vacuum tbl_hot;
VACUUM
postgres=# select lp, lp_off, lp_flags, t_ctid, t_infomask2 from heap_page_items(get_raw_page("tbl_hot", 0));
lp | lp_off | lp_flags | t_ctid | t_infomask2
----+--------+----------+--------+-------------
1 | 8152 | 1 | (0,1) | 2
2 | 8112 | 1 | (0,2) | 2
3 | 8072 | 1 | (0,3) | 2
4 | 5 | 2 | |
5 | 8040 | 1 | (0,5) | 32770
(5 rows)
postgres=# update tbl_hot set info = "postgres" where id = 4;
UPDATE 1
postgres=# select lp, lp_off, lp_flags, t_ctid, t_infomask2 from heap_page_items(get_raw_page("tbl_hot", 0));
lp | lp_off | lp_flags | t_ctid | t_infomask2
----+--------+----------+--------+-------------
1 | 8152 | 1 | (0,1) | 2
2 | 8112 | 1 | (0,2) | 2
3 | 8072 | 1 | (0,3) | 2
4 | 5 | 2 | |
5 | 8040 | 1 | (0,6) | 49154
6 | 8000 | 1 | (0,6) | 32770
(6 rows)
postgres=# vacuum tbl_hot;
VACUUM
postgres=# select lp, lp_off, lp_flags, t_ctid, t_infomask2 from heap_page_items(get_raw_page("tbl_hot", 0));
lp | lp_off | lp_flags | t_ctid | t_infomask2
----+--------+----------+--------+-------------
1 | 8152 | 1 | (0,1) | 2
2 | 8112 | 1 | (0,2) | 2
3 | 8072 | 1 | (0,3) | 2
4 | 6 | 2 | |
5 | 0 | 0 | |
6 | 8032 | 1 | (0,6) | 32770
(6 rows)
postgres=# select ctid,t.* from tbl_hot t;
ctid | id | info
-------+----+----------
(0,1) | 1 | lottu
(0,2) | 2 | lottu
(0,3) | 3 | lottu
(0,5) | 5 | lottu
(0,6) | 4 | postgres
(5 rows)
https://blog.csdn.net/xiaohai928ww/article/details/98603707
https://www.postgresql.org/docs/12/pageinspect.html