软件版本更新是每个应用必不可少的功能,基本实现方案是请求服务器最新的版本号与本地的版本号对比,有新版本则下载apk并执行安装。请求服务器版本号与本地对比很容易,本文就不过多讲解,主要讲解下载apk到安装apk的内容。
一、所需权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES" /><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
(1)读写外部存储的权限需要动态申请,详见:Android动态获取权限
(2)安装apk的权限从Android8.0开始需要每个应用独立开启
//跳转到开启apk安装权限开启的界面,让用户手动打开Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_UNKNOWN_APP_SOURCES,Uri.parse("package:" +getPackageName()));intentActivityResultLauncher.launch(intent);
二、代码实现
(1)注册provider
在AndroidManifest.xml中声明provider
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" package="你的包名"> <application 省略属性。。。> <activity 省略属性。。。> <provider android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider" android:authorities="你的包名.fileprovider" android:exported="false" android:grantUriPermissions="true"> <meta-data android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS" android:resource="@xml/filepaths" /> provider> application>manifest>
在res的xml目录增加filepaths.xml
filepaths.xml中配置path路径
<paths xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <path> <root-path name="files_apk" path="/"/> </path></paths>
(2)动态申请权限基础BaseActivity
这个类在另外一篇文章中讲解,主要为了方便动态获取权限。
package com.soface.versioncontroll;import android.content.pm.PackageManager;import android.os.Build;import androidx.annotation.NonNull;import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;public class BaseActivity extends AppCompatActivity { public static final int REQUEST_CONDE =0xFFFF; public void requestPermission(List<String> permissionNameList){ // TODO: 2023/2/22 第一步:排除(已经获得过授权的权限)============================================================= List<String> UnauthorizedPermissionNameList = new ArrayList<>();//用于存放未获得授权的权限 for (String permission : permissionNameList){ //检查每个权限是否已经获得授权 int checkResult=ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,permission); if (checkResult==PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){ //已获得过授权,直接抛出结果true throwPermissionResults(permission,true); }else if (checkResult==PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) { //未获得授权,把未获得授权的权限加入到thisPermissionNames中,待下一步请求 UnauthorizedPermissionNameList.add(permission); }else { //按道理,这里永远不会发生, //因为checkSelfPermission方法说得很清楚,只会返回PERMISSION_GRANTED或者PERMISSION_DENIED //但是为了严谨,以防万一,还是给它抛出结果false throwPermissionResults("Unknown_result",false); } } if (UnauthorizedPermissionNameList.size()==0)return;//表示:全部已经拥有全选,不用往下执行 // TODO: 2023/2/22 第二步:开始申请权限========================================================================== if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) { //由于请求权限的参数必须是String[],所以List转到String[]中 String[] UnauthorizedPermissionNames=new String[UnauthorizedPermissionNameList.size()]; for (int k=0;k<UnauthorizedPermissionNameList.size();k++){ UnauthorizedPermissionNames[k]=UnauthorizedPermissionNameList.get(k); } //请求权限 ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, UnauthorizedPermissionNames, REQUEST_CONDE); }else { //低版本的Android不需要动态获取权限,这里直接抛出结果true throwPermissionResults("Below_VERSION_M",true); } } public void throwPermissionResults(String permissionName, boolean isSuccess){ // TODO: 2023/2/22 这里如果isSuccess=false,可以自定义一个弹窗,让用户选择 // 到底是要直接退出应用,还是去设置中开启权限,本文主要是总结动态获取权限,所以弹窗笔者就不写了 } @Override public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) { super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults); //判断我们的请求码,避免别的事件调用onRequestPermissionsResult,导致我们拿到本不该属于我们的数据 if (requestCode==REQUEST_CONDE){ // 如果请求被取消,则结果数组为空。 if (grantResults.length > 0) { //循环一个一个地去判断结果 for (int k=0;k<permissions.length;k++){ if (grantResults[k] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){ // 权限请求成功,抛出结果true throwPermissionResults(permissions[k],true); } if (grantResults[k] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED){ // 权限请求失败,抛出结果false throwPermissionResults(permissions[k],false); } } } else { //没有任何授权结果,直接抛出结果false throwPermissionResults("Unknown_result",false); } } }}
(3)判断需不需要升级最新软件的MainActivity
package com.soface.versioncontroll;import androidx.activity.result.ActivityResultLauncher;import androidx.activity.result.contract.ActivityResultContracts;import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.Manifest;import android.content.Intent;import android.net.Uri;import android.os.Build;import android.os.Bundle;import android.provider.Settings;import android.util.Log;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;public class MainActivity extends BaseActivity{ @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); //动态请求权限 List<String> perList=new ArrayList<>(); perList.add(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE); perList.add(Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE); perList.add(Manifest.permission.INTERNET); requestPermission(perList); //初始化结果返回接听 initActivityResult(); Button permission=(Button) findViewById(R.id.permission); permission.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { //当判断需要升级最新软件,则调用这个方法,这里为了方便测试,放在点击事件中 openSetting(); } }); } @Override public void onDestroy() { super.onDestroy(); stop(); } @Override public void throwPermissionResults(String permissionName, boolean isSuccess) { super.throwPermissionResults(permissionName, isSuccess); //拿到相应的权限,以及授权结果 switch (permissionName){ case Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE: Log.d("fxHou","WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE授权结果:"+isSuccess); break; case Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE: Log.d("fxHou","READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE授权结果:"+isSuccess); break; default: break; } } public void openSetting() { if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) { //Android 8.0以上 if(!getPackageManager().canRequestPackageInstalls()){ //权限没有打开,跳转界面,提示用户去手动打开 Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_UNKNOWN_APP_SOURCES,Uri.parse("package:" +getPackageName())); intentActivityResultLauncher.launch(intent); }else { //已经拥有权限,直接执行下载apk操作 start(); } }else { //开始下载安装 start(); } } private ActivityResultLauncher<Intent> intentActivityResultLauncher; private void initActivityResult() { intentActivityResultLauncher = registerForActivityResult(new ActivityResultContracts.StartActivityForResult(), result -> { if (result.getResultCode() == AppCompatActivity.RESULT_OK) { //开始下载安装 start(); } }); } VersionControl versionControl; String downloadUrl="http://www.soface.top:8080/source/Public/ApkVersionControl/chart.apk"; String titleStr="麦麦商家版V1.1.2"; String contentStr="正在下载中,请耐心等待"; //开始执行版本更新操作 public void start(){ //初始化版本控制 versionControl=new VersionControl(); versionControl.download(this,downloadUrl,titleStr,contentStr); versionControl.registerReceiver(this); } //停止执行版本更新操作 public void stop(){ //初始化版本控制 versionControl.unRegisterReceiver(MainActivity.this); versionControl=null; }}
(4)下载apk和安装apk的实现类
package com.soface.versioncontroll;import static android.content.Context.DOWNLOAD_SERVICE;import android.annotation.SuppressLint;import android.app.Activity;import android.app.DownloadManager;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.content.IntentFilter;import android.database.Cursor;import android.net.Uri;import android.os.Build;import android.os.Environment;import android.provider.Settings;import android.util.Log;import androidx.activity.result.ActivityResultLauncher;import androidx.activity.result.contract.ActivityResultContracts;import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;import androidx.core.content.FileProvider;import java.io.File;public class VersionControl { //第一步: 下载APK private long downloadId=-1; private DownloadManager downloadManager; public void download(Context context,String url,String titleStr,String contentStr) { //创建下载任务 DownloadManager.Request request = new DownloadManager.Request(Uri.parse(url)); //在通知栏中显示,默认就是显示的 request.setNotificationVisibility(DownloadManager.Request.VISIBILITY_VISIBLE); request.setTitle(titleStr); request.setDescription(contentStr); //设置下载的路径 File file = new File(context.getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS), "chart.apk"); request.setDestinationUri(Uri.fromFile(file)); file.getAbsolutePath(); //获取DownloadManager downloadManager = (DownloadManager)context.getSystemService(DOWNLOAD_SERVICE); //将下载请求放入队列 downloadId = downloadManager.enqueue(request); } //第二步: 监听下载结果 private BroadcastReceiver broadcastReceiver; public void registerReceiver(Context context) { // 注册广播监听系统的下载完成事件。 IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter(DownloadManager.ACTION_DOWNLOAD_COMPLETE); broadcastReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() { @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { long thisDownloadId = intent.getLongExtra(DownloadManager.EXTRA_DOWNLOAD_ID, -1); if (thisDownloadId!=-1 && downloadId!=-1){ if (thisDownloadId == downloadId) { //下载完成,检查下载状态 checkStatus(context); } } } }; context.registerReceiver(broadcastReceiver, intentFilter); } public void unRegisterReceiver(Context context){ if (broadcastReceiver!=null) { context.unregisterReceiver(broadcastReceiver); } } //第三部: 检查下载状态,是否下载成功 @SuppressLint("Range") private void checkStatus(Context context) { DownloadManager.Query query = new DownloadManager.Query(); // 执行查询, 返回一个 Cursor (相当于查询数据库) Cursor cursor = downloadManager.query(query); if (!cursor.moveToFirst()) { cursor.close(); } int id = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(DownloadManager.COLUMN_ID)); //通过下载的id查找 query.setFilterById(id); // 获取下载好的 apk 路径 String localFilename = null; if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) { localFilename = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(DownloadManager.COLUMN_LOCAL_URI)); } else { localFilename = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(DownloadManager.COLUMN_LOCAL_FILENAME)); } if (cursor.moveToFirst()) { int status = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(DownloadManager.COLUMN_STATUS)); switch (status) { case DownloadManager.STATUS_PAUSED: //下载暂停 Log.d("fxHou","下载暂停"); break; case DownloadManager.STATUS_PENDING: //下载延迟 Log.d("fxHou","下载延迟"); break; case DownloadManager.STATUS_RUNNING: //正在下载 Log.d("fxHou","正在下载"); break; case DownloadManager.STATUS_SUCCESSFUL: //下载完成安装APK installApk(context,localFilename); cursor.close(); break; case DownloadManager.STATUS_FAILED: //下载失败 Log.d("fxHou","下载失败"); cursor.close(); break; default: break; } } } //第四部: 安装apk private void installApk(Context context,String path) { Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW); intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); File file = new File(Uri.parse(path).getPath()); if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) { intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION); Uri uri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(context, "你的包名.fileprovider", file); intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/vnd.android.package-archive"); } else { intent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(file), "application/vnd.android.package-archive"); } context.startActivity(intent); }}
来源地址:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41008818/article/details/129961523