本篇内容介绍了“怎么用shell脚本一键部署LNMP架构”的有关知识，在实际案例的操作过程中，不少人都会遇到这样的困境，接下来就让小编带领大家学习一下如何处理这些情况吧！希望大家仔细阅读，能够学有所成！
LNMP架构介绍
LNMP：Linux系统下Nginx+MySQL+PHP这种网站服务器架构。Nginx是一个高性能的HTTP和反向代理服务器，也是一个IMAP/POP3/SMTP代理服务器。Mysql是一个小型关系型数据库管理系统。PHP是一种在服务器端执行的嵌入HTML文档的脚本语言。
原理：浏览器发送http request请求到服务器（Nginx）,服务器响应并处理web请求，将一些静态资源（CSS，图片，视频等）保存服务器上，然后将php脚本通过接口传输协议（网关协议）PHP-FCGI（fast-cgi）传输给PHP-FPM（进程管理程序）,PHP-FPM不做处理，然后PHP-FPM调用PHP解析器进程，PHP解析器解析php脚本信息。PHP解析器进程可以启动多个，进行并发执行。然后将解析后的脚本返回到PHP-FPM，PHP-FPM再通过fast-cgi的形式将脚本信息传送给Nginx.服务器再通过Http response的形式传送给浏览器。浏览器再进行解析与渲染然后进行呈现。
下面给大家介绍下使用shell脚本一键部署LNMP架构的方法，脚本如下所示：
#/bin/bash##将需要的安装包传到/opt目录下，并关闭防火墙systemctl stop firewalldsystemctl disable firewalld &>/dev/nullsetenforce 0###############Nginx#################先挂载，再安装依赖包df -h | grep /mntif [ $? -ne 0 ];thenmount /dev/cdrom /mnt &>/dev/nullfiyum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make##创建运行用户、组（Nginx服务程序默认以nobody身份运行，建议为其创建专门的用户账号，以便更准确的控制其访问权限）useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx##编译安装cd /opttar zxvf nginx-1.12.0.tar.gzcd nginx-1.12.0/./configure \--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \--user=nginx \--group=nginx \--with-http_stub_status_modulemake -j 2 && make install##优化配置文件路径，并把nginx服务的可执行程序文件放入路径环境变量的目录中便于系统识别ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin##添加Nginx系统服务cat > /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service <<EOF[Unit]Description=nginxAfter=network.target[Service]Type=forkingPIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pidExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginxExecReload=/bin/kill -1 $MAINPIDExecStop=/bin/kill -3 $MAINPIDPrivateTmp=true[Install]WantedBy=multi-user.targetEOF##修改文件权限chmod 754 /lib/systemd/system/nginx.servicesystemctl start nginx.servicesystemctl enable nginx.service &>/dev/null###############MySQL#################安装MySQL环境依赖包yum -y install ncurses ncurses-devel bison cmake##创建运行用户useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql##编译安装cd /opttar zxvf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gzcd /opt/mysql-5.7.20cmake \-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \-DWITH_BOOST=boost \-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1make -j 2 && make install##修改mysql配置文件cat > /etc/my.cnf <<EOF[client]port = 3306socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock[mysqld]user = mysqlbasedir=/usr/local/mysqldatadir=/usr/local/mysql/dataport = 3306character-set-server=utf8pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pidsocket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sockbind-address = 0.0.0.0skip-name-resolvemax_connections=2048default-storage-engine=INNODBmax_allowed_packet=16Mserver-id = 1sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTESEOF##更改mysql安装目录和配置文件的属主属组chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf##设置路径环境变量echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profilesource /etc/profile##初始化数据化cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/./mysqld \--initialize-insecure \--user=mysql \--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data##添加mysqld系统服务cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/systemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl start mysqld.servicesystemctl enable mysqld &>/dev/null##添加mysql的登录密码function mima {passwd=$1/usr/bin/expect <<-EOFspawn mysqladmin -u root -p password $passwdexpect "Enter" {send "\n"}expect eofEOF}mima "abc123"##授权远程登录function qwe {/usr/bin/expect <<-EOFspawn mysql -u root -pexpect "Enter" {send "abc123\n"}expect "mysql" {send "grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'abc123';\n"}expect "mysql" {send "flush privileges;\n"}expect "mysql" {send "show databases;\n"}expect "mysql" {send "quit\n"}expect eofEOF}qwe###############PHP#################安装环境依赖包yum -y install gd \libjpeg libjpeg-devel \libpng libpng-devel \freetype freetype-devel \libxml2 libxml2-devel \zlib zlib-devel \curl curl-devel \openssl openssl-devel##编译安装cd /opttar jxvf php-7.1.10.tar.bz2cd ./php-7.1.10/./configure \--prefix=/usr/local/php \--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \--with-mysqli \--with-zlib \--with-curl \--with-gd \--with-jpeg-dir \--with-png-dir \--with-freetype-dir \--with-openssl \--enable-fpm \--enable-mbstring \--enable-xml \--enable-session \--enable-ftp \--enable-pdo \--enable-tokenizer \--enable-zipmake -j 2 && make install##路径优化ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/ln -s /usr/local/php/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/##调整PHP配置文件##PHP有三个配置文件##php.ini（主配置文件）cp /opt/php-7.1.10/php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.inised -i '1170c mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock' /usr/local/php/lib/php.inised -i '939c date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai' /usr/local/php/lib/php.iniphp -m##php-fpm.conf（进程服务配置文件）cd /usr/local/php/etccp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.confsed -i '17c pid = run/php-fpm.pid' /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf##www.conf（扩展配置文件）cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.dcp www.conf.default www.conf##启动php-fpmcd /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini##配置Nginx支持PHP解析sed -i '65c location ~ \.php$ {' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confsed -i '66c root html;' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confsed -i '67c fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confsed -i '68c fastcgi_index index.php;' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confsed -i '69c fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confsed -i '70c include fastcgi_params;' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confsed -i '71c }' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf##验证PHP测试页和验证数据库工作是否正常cat > /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php <<EOF<?phpphpinfo();?>EOF“怎么用shell脚本一键部署LNMP架构”的内容就介绍到这里了，感谢大家的阅读。如果想了解更多行业相关的知识可以关注编程网网站，小编将为大家输出更多高质量的实用文章！
