小编给大家分享一下如何解决ORA-00245和RMAN-08132问题，相信大部分人都还不怎么了解，因此分享这篇文章给大家参考一下，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后大有收获，下面让我们一起去了解一下吧！
从Oracle11gR2 开始，在备份控制文件时，不在需要锁住controlfile enqueue。对于非RAC 的数据库， 没有任何改变，但对于RAC 数据库，因为控制文件备份机制的改变，集群中的任何instance 可以需要写入到快照控制文件，因此snapshot controlfile需要对所有实例是可见的。
在RAC 环境下，如果snapshot controlfile 不在共享的位置，控制文件任何形式的都可能报ORA-245的错误。
快照控制文件必须能被所有节点访问，如果快照控制不是存放在共享设备上，那么在RMAN 进行控制文件的快照备份时就会报错。
Changes
RAC Database release 11.2
Cause
The error description is:
00245, 00000, "control file backup failed; target is likely on a local file system"
// *Cause: Failed to create a control file backup because some process
// signaled an error during backup creation. This is likely caused
// by the backup target being on a local file system so it could not
// be accessed by other instances. It can also be caused by other
// I/O errors to the backup target. Any process of any instance that
// starts a read/write control file transaction must have access
// to the backup control file during backup creation.
// *Action: Check alert files of all instances for further information.
RMAN creates a copy of the control file for read consistency, this is the snapshot controlfile.
Due to the changes made to the controlfile backup mechanism in 11gR2 any instances
in the cluster may write to the snapshot controlfile. Therefore,
the snapshot controlfile file needs to be visible to all instances.
The same happens when a backup of the controlfile is
created directly from sqlplus any instance in the cluster may write to the backup controfile file.
In 11gR2 onwards, the controlfile backup happens without holding the control file enqueue.
For non-RAC database, this doesn't change anything.
But, for RAC database, the snapshot controlfile location must be
in a shared file system that will be accessible from all the nodes.
The snapshot controlfile MUST be accessible by all nodes of a RAC database.
Solution
The snapshot controlfile MUST be accessible by all nodes of a RAC database,
if the snapshot controlfile does not reside in on a shared device this error will raise.
1. Check the snapshot controlfile location:
RMAN> show all;
2. Configure the snapshot controlfile to a shared disk:
解决方案：
配置snapshot controlfile 到共享位置
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILENAME TO '<shared_disk>/snapcf_<DBNAME>.f';
如果使用了ASM，就指定到对应的ASM disk group：
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILENAME TO '+<DiskGroup>/snapcf_<DBNAME>.f';
例子：
RMAN> show all
2> ;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name RACDB are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 14;
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/oracle/11g/dbs/snapcf_RACDB1.f'; # default
RMAN> CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '+DATA1/snapcf_RACBD.F';
old RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '+DATA1/snapcf.f';
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '+DATA1/snapcf_RACBD.F';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
RMAN> show all;
RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name RACDB are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 14;
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '+DATA1/snapcf_RACBD.F';
以上是“如何解决ORA-00245和RMAN-08132问题”这篇文章的所有内容，感谢各位的阅读！相信大家都有了一定的了解，希望分享的内容对大家有所帮助，如果还想学习更多知识，欢迎关注亿速云行业资讯频道！
