这篇文章给大家介绍css中grid属性的作用是什么,内容非常详细,感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考借鉴,希望对大家能有所帮助。
grid布局
加在父元素上的属性
grid-template-columns/grid-template-rows
定义元素的行或列的宽高
如果父元素被等分成了9等分,则,不管有多少个子元素,都显示9等分
grid-template-columns: 33% 33% 33%;可以写成grid-template-columns:repeat(3, 33%);
.container { width: 200px; height: 200px; display: grid; background-color: coral; margin: 10px;}.container .item { border: 1px solid #ccc; background-color: chocolate;}.container1 { grid-template-columns: 33% 33% 33%; grid-template-rows: 33% 33% 33%;}
grid-template-areas
父元素的grid-template-areas配合子元素的grid-area定义网格区域
一个句点表示一个空的网格单元
.container { width: 200px; height: 200px; display: grid; background-color: coral; margin: 10px;}.container .item { border: 1px solid #ccc; background-color: chocolate;}.container2 { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr; grid-template-rows: 1fr 1fr 1fr; grid-template-areas: "header header . footer" "main main . sidebar" "main main . sidebar";}.container2 .item-1 { grid-area: header;}.container2 .item-2 { grid-area: main;}.container2 .item-3 { grid-area: sidebar;}.container2 .item-4 { grid-area: footer;}
<div class="container container2"> <div class="item item-1">header</div> <div class="item item-2">main</div> <div class="item item-3">sidebar</div> <div class="item item-4">footer</div></div>
grid-column-gap/grid-row-gap/grip-gap
指网格线的大小,也可以说是网格子项之间的间距
.container { width: 200px; height: 200px; display: grid; background-color: coral; margin: 10px;}.container .item { border: 1px solid #ccc; background-color: chocolate;}.container3 { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 30%); grid-template-rows: repeat(3, 30%); grid-column-gap: 2%; grid-row-gap: 2%;}
<div class="container container3"> <div class="item item-1"></div> <div class="item item-2"></div> <div class="item item-3"></div> <div class="item item-4"></div> <div class="item item-5"></div> <div class="item item-6"></div> <div class="item item-7"></div> <div class="item item-8"></div> <div class="item item-9"></div></div>
justify-items/align-itemsjustify-items
让子元素的内容和纵向列轴对齐
align-items让子元素的内容和横向行轴对齐
两个属性都有四个值
我的例子中,为了方便对比,嵌套了grid网格
.container { width: 200px; height: 200px; display: grid; background-color: coral; margin: 10px;}.container .item { border: 1px solid #ccc; background-color: chocolate;}.container4 { width: 400px; height: 200px; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 25%); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);}.container4 .item { display: grid;}.container4 .item div { background-color: coral; border: 1px dashed #aaa}.container4 .item-1 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%); justify-items: start;}.container4 .item-2 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%); justify-items: end;}.container4 .item-3 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%); justify-items: center;}.container4 .item-4 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%); justify-items: stretch;}.container4 .item-5 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%); align-items: start;}.container4 .item-6 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%); align-items: end;}.container4 .item-7 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%); align-items: center;}.container4 .item-8 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%); align-items: stretch;}
<div class="container container4"> <div class="item item-1"> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> </div> <div class="item item-2"> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> </div> <div class="item item-3"> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> </div> <div class="item item-4"> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> </div> <div class="item item-5"> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> </div> <div class="item item-6"> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> </div> <div class="item item-7"> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> </div> <div class="item item-8"> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> </div>
justify-content/align-content
设置子元素的对齐方式,justify表示纵向,align表示横向
.container { width: 200px; height: 200px; display: grid; background-color: coral; margin: 10px;}.container .item { border: 1px solid #ccc; background-color: chocolate;}.container5 { width: 700px; height: 200px; grid-template-columns: repeat(7, 14%); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);}.container5 .item { display: grid;}.container5 .item div { background-color: coral; border: 1px dashed #aaa}.container5 .item-1 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%); justify-content: start;}.container5 .item-2 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%); justify-content: end;}.container5 .item-3 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%); justify-content: center;}.container5 .item-4 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%); justify-content: stretch;}.container5 .item-5 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%); justify-content: space-around;}.container5 .item-6 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%); justify-content: space-between;}.container5 .item-7 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%); justify-content: space-evenly;}.container5 .item-8 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%); align-content: start;}.container5 .item-9 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%); align-content: end;}.container5 .item-10 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%); align-content: center;}.container5 .item-11 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%); align-content: stretch;}.container5 .item-12 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%); align-content: space-around;}.container5 .item-13 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%); align-content: space-between;}.container5 .item-14 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%); align-content: space-evenly;}
<div class="container container5"> <div class="item item-1"> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> </div> <div class="item item-2"> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> </div> <div class="item item-3"> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> </div> <div class="item item-4"> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> </div> <div class="item item-5"> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> </div> <div class="item item-6"> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> </div> <div class="item item-7"> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> </div> <div class="item item-8"> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> </div> <div class="item item-9"> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> </div> <div class="item item-10"> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> </div> <div class="item item-11"> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> </div> <div class="item item-12"> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> </div> <div class="item item-13"> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> </div> <div class="item item-14"> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> <div>list</div> </div></div>
grid-auto-columns/grid-auto-rowsgrid-column
后面的值如果是1 / 2形式,表示的是从第1列网格线开始到第2列网格线结束,如果这个属性定义的网格超出了父元素的范围,则会自动生成隐式网格
grid-auto-columns和grid-auto-rows两个属性来指定这些隐式网格轨迹的宽度
.container { width: 200px; height: 200px; display: grid; background-color: coral; margin: 10px;}.container .item { border: 1px solid #ccc; background-color: chocolate;}.container6 { width: 120px; height: 180px; grid-template-columns: 60px 60px; grid-template-rows: 90px 90px; grid-auto-columns: 60px;}.container6 .item-1 { grid-column: 1 / 2; grid-row: 2 / 3; border: 1px solid #ccc;}.container6 .item-2 { grid-column: 5 / 6; grid-row: 2 / 3; border: 1px solid #ccc;}
<div class="container container6"> <div class="item-1">1/2&2/3</div> <div class="item-2">5/6&2/3</div></div>
grid-auto-flow
没有网格元素的时候,自动排列
row表示从左到右排列,column表示从上到下排列
.container { width: 200px; height: 200px; display: grid; background-color: coral; margin: 10px;}.container .item { border: 1px solid #ccc; background-color: chocolate;}.container7 { display: grid; width: 200px; height: 40px; grid-template-columns: 40px 40px 40px 40px 40px; grid-template-rows: 40px 40px; grid-auto-flow: column;}.container7 .item-1 { grid-column: 1; grid-row: 1 / 3;}.container7 .item-5 { grid-column: 5; grid-row: 1 / 3;}
<div class="container container7"> <div class="item item-1">1</div> <div class="item item-2">2</div> <div class="item item-3">3</div> <div class="item item-4">4</div> <div class="item item-5">5</div></div>
加在子元素上的属性
grid-column-start/grid-column-end/grid-row-start/grid-row-end/grid-column/grid-row
定义网格开始或者结束的位置
值为数字,表示从这条线开始。值为span加数字,表示覆盖了这条线的位置
.container { width: 200px; height: 200px; display: grid; background-color: coral; margin: 10px;}.container .item { border: 1px solid #ccc; background-color: chocolate;}.container8 { margin-top: 20px; grid-template-columns: repeat(5, 20%); grid-template-rows: repeat(5, 20%);}.container8 .item-1 { grid-column-start: 2; grid-column-end: 4; grid-row-start: 1; grid-row-end: 2;}.container8 .item-2 { grid-column-start: 4; grid-column-end: span 5; grid-row-start: 2; grid-row-end: span 5;}.container8 .item-3 { grid-column: 1 / span 2; grid-row: 2 / span 4;}
<div class="container container8"> <div class="item item-1">item-1</div> <div class="item item-2">item-2</div> <div class="item item-3">item-3</div></div>
justify-self/align-self
网格子项内容与格线对齐
.container { width: 200px; height: 200px; display: grid; background-color: coral; margin: 10px;}.container .item { border: 1px solid #ccc; background-color: chocolate;}.container9 { width: 400px; height: 200px; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 25%); grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);}.container9 .item-1 { justify-self: start;}.container9 .item-2 { justify-self: end;}.container9 .item-3 { justify-self: center;}.container9 .item-4 { justify-self: stretch;}.container9 .item-5 { align-self: start;}.container9 .item-6 { align-self: end;}.container9 .item-7 { align-self: center;}.container9 .item-8 { align-self: stretch;}
<div class="container container9"> <div class="item item-1">item-1</div> <div class="item item-2">item-2</div> <div class="item item-3">item-3</div> <div class="item item-4">item-4</div> <div class="item item-5">item-5</div> <div class="item item-6">item-6</div> <div class="item item-7">item-7</div> <div class="item item-8">item-8</div></div>
css的基本语法是什么
css的基本语法是:1、css规则由选择器和一条或多条声明两个部分构成;2、选择器通常是需要改变样式的HTML元素;3、每条声明由一个属性和一个值组成;4、属性和属性值被冒号分隔开。
关于css中grid属性的作用是什么就分享到这里了,希望以上内容可以对大家有一定的帮助,可以学到更多知识。如果觉得文章不错,可以把它分享出去让更多的人看到。