本文基于MySQL5.7.42进行说明
常规命令（不适用），提示no matching manifest for linux/arm64/v8 in the manifest list entries
docker pull mysql:5.7.42
到DockerHub查看MySQL5.7.42的镜像，可以看到确实没有linux/arm64/v8版本的镜像
因此我们要另辟蹊径，加入指定架构的参数进行拉取
docker pull --platform linux/amd64 mysql:5.7.42--platform linux/amd64：Docker拉取镜像时指定拉取所选架构的版本
查看镜像
在应用端的镜像界面和启动镜像的时候，Docker会检测到该镜像支持的架构与电脑的CPU架构不一致，忽略即可（M1/M2芯片也是支持linux/amd64版本的）
# 启动镜像并进入容器docker run -it mysql:5.7.42 /bin/bash# 查看MySQL版本mysql --version# 查找 Docker 内，MySQL 配置文件 my.cnf 的位置mysql --help | grep my.cnf
查看MySQL配置文件my.cnf内容（如下）
bash-4.2# cat my.cnf# For advice on how to change settings please see# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html[mysqld]## Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M## Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging# changes to the binary log between backups.# log_bin## Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.# join_buffer_size = 128M# sort_buffer_size = 2M# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2Mskip-host-cacheskip-name-resolvedatadir=/var/lib/mysqlsocket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.socksecure-file-priv=/var/lib/mysql-filesuser=mysql# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security riskssymbolic-links=0#log-error=/var/log/mysqld.logpid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid[client]socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/!includedir /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/默认配置并未指定字符集，此时默认字符集为latin1，可能会导致一些中文字符乱码，因此我们可以修改配置文件，添加默认字符集（见下节）
准备
宿主机创建数据存储目录（可以是其他位置，/Users/leo笔者Mac上的用户目录，等价于~目录，读者自行调整目录）
mkdir /Users/leo/docker/mysqlmkdir /Users/leo/docker/mysql/confmkdir /Users/leo/docker/mysql/datamkdir /Users/leo/docker/mysql/logsmkdir /Users/leo/docker/mysql/mysql-files新建my.cnf配置文件并放到/Users/leo/docker/mysql/conf目录下
my.cnf配置如下：
[client] default_character_set=utf8 [mysql] default_character_set=utf8 [mysqld] character_set_server=utf8运行容器
docker run --restart=always -p 3306:3306 --name mysql \-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD="123456" \-v /Users/leo/docker/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d \-v /Users/leo/docker/mysql/logs:/var/log/mysql \-v /Users/leo/docker/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql \-v /Users/leo/docker/mysql/mysql-files:/var/lib/mysql-files \-d mysql:5.7.42参数说明：
- docker run：运行Docker镜像
- –restart=always：当docker重启时，该容器也会重新启动
- -p：映射端口号，宿主机端口映射到容器内部端口（即访问宿主机的3306端口即可访问到容器的3306端口）
- –name mysql：设置容器名称为mysql
- -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD="123456"：指定环境变量（初始化
root用户的密码为123456） - -v /Users/leo/docker/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d：将宿主机的my.cnf文件映射到Docker容器中
- -v /Users/leo/docker/mysql/logs:/var/log/mysql：将容器的/var/log/mysql目录挂载到宿主机的/Users/leo/docker/mysql/logs目录
- -v /Users/leo/docker/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql：同上
- -v /Users/leo/docker/mysql/mysql-files:/var/lib/mysql-files：同上
- -d mysql:5.7.42：选择运行的Docker镜像并指定Tag（不指定的话默认是latest）
# 进入名为mysql的容器docker exec -ti mysql bash# 命令行连接MySQLmysql -uroot -p'jY%kng8cc&'# 查看字符集show variables like 'char%';
