前言
关于链表这一块,写了多篇博客,学习了顺序表、单链表、及其一些练习题
顺序表:传送门:顺序表
单链表:传送门:单链表1 链表2
链表OJ:传送门:链表OJ
今天,我又来水一水博客, 介绍关于双链表。
带头双向循环链表的结构
实际上,单链表也存在一个比较大的缺陷:
1.不能从后往前遍历
2.无法找到前驱
除了单链表之外,我们自然还有双向链表,我们要说的就是带头双向循环链表,简单理解为:带头结点的,有两个方向的。循环的。结构图如下:
结构虽然比较复杂,但是极大方便我们找结点,比如可以直接找到尾结点,然后再进入相关的操作。实际代码的操作将会比单链表简单,极为方便,这里不做过多说明,直接上手代码
代码操作
我们直奔主题,进入代码实现的操作,之前的操作如果理解了,那我相信这个对于你来说肯定是不难的。下面直接给出源码:
List.h
#pragma once
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
typedef int LTDataType;
//带头双向循环--最优链表结构,在任意位置插入删除数据都是O(1)
typedef struct listNode
{
struct ListNode* next;
struct ListNode* prev;
LTDataType data;
}ListNode;
//初始化
ListNode*ListInit();
//销毁
void ListDestory(ListNode* phead);
//打印
void ListPrint(ListNode* phead);
//尾插
void ListPushBack(ListNode* phead, LTDataType x);
//头插
void ListPushFront(ListNode* phead, LTDataType x);
//头删
void ListPopFront(ListNode* phead);
//尾删
void ListPopBack(ListNode* phead);
ListNode* ListFind(ListNode* phead, LTDataType x);
//在pos位置之前插入x
void ListInsert(ListNode* pos, LTDataType x);
//删除pos位置的值
void ListErase(ListNode* pos);
List.c
#include "List.h"
//开辟一个新结点
ListNode* BuyListNode(LTDataType x)
{
ListNode* newnode =(ListNode*)malloc(sizeof(ListNode));
newnode->data = x;
newnode->next = NULL;
newnode->prev = NULL;
return newnode;
}
//初始化
ListNode* ListInit()
{
ListNode*phead = BuyListNode(0);
phead->next = phead;
phead->prev = phead;
return phead;
}
//销毁
void ListDestory(ListNode* phead)
{
assert(phead);
ListNode* cur = phead->next;
while (cur != phead)
{
ListNode* next = cur->next;
free(cur);
cur = next;
}
free(phead);
phead = NULL;
}
//打印
void ListPrint(ListNode* phead)
{
ListNode* cur = phead->next;
while (cur != phead)
{
printf("%d ", cur->data);
cur = cur->next;
}
printf("\n");
}
//尾插
void ListPushBack(ListNode* phead, LTDataType x)
{
assert(phead);
ListNode* tail = phead->prev;
ListNode* newnode = BuyListNode(x);
tail->next = newnode;
newnode->prev = tail;
newnode->next = phead;
phead->prev = newnode;
}
//头插
void ListPushFront(ListNode* phead, LTDataType x)
{
assert(phead);
ListNode* first = phead->next;
ListNode* newnode = BuyListNode(x);
newnode->next = first;
first->prev = newnode;
phead->next = newnode;
newnode->prev = phead;
}
//头删
void ListPopFront(ListNode* phead)
{
assert(phead);
assert(phead->next != phead);
ListNode* first = phead->next;
ListNode* second = first->next;
phead->next = second;
second->prev = phead;
free(first);
first = NULL;
}
//尾删
void ListPopBack(ListNode* phead)
{
assert(phead);
assert(phead->next != phead);
ListNode* tail = phead->prev;
ListNode* prev = tail->prev;
prev->next = phead;
phead->prev = prev;
free(tail);
tail = NULL;
}
ListNode* ListFind(ListNode* phead, LTDataType x)
{
assert(phead);
ListNode* cur = phead->next;
while (cur != phead)
{
if (cur->data == x)
{
return cur;
}
cur = cur->next;
}
return NULL;
}
//在pos位置之前插入x
void ListInsert(ListNode* pos, LTDataType x)
{
assert(pos);
ListNode* prev = pos->prev;
ListNode* newnode = BuyListNode(x);
prev->next = newnode;
newnode->prev = prev;
newnode->next = pos;
pos->prev = newnode;
}
//删除pos位置的值
void ListErase(ListNode* pos)
{
assert(pos);
ListNode* prev = pos->prev;
ListNode* next = pos->next;
prev->next = next;
next->prev = prev;
free(pos);
}
Test.c
#include "List.h"
void TestList1()
{
ListNode* plist = ListInit();
ListPushBack(plist, 1);
ListPushBack(plist, 2);
ListPushBack(plist, 3);
ListPushBack(plist, 4);
ListPrint(plist);
ListPushFront(plist, 0);
ListPushFront(plist, -1);
ListPrint(plist);
ListPopFront(plist);
ListPopFront(plist);
ListPopFront(plist);
ListPrint(plist);
ListPopBack(plist);
ListPrint(plist);
}
void TestList2()
{
ListNode* plist = ListInit();
ListPushBack(plist, 1);
ListPushBack(plist, 2);
ListPushBack(plist, 3);
ListPushBack(plist, 4);
ListPrint(plist);
ListNode* pos = ListFind(plist, 3);
if (pos)
{
pos->data *= 10;
printf("找到了,并且*10\n");
}
else
{
printf("没找到\n");
}
ListPrint(plist);
ListInsert(pos, 300);
ListPrint(plist);
ListErase(pos);
ListPrint(plist);
}
int main()
{
TestList2();
return 0;
}
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