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包含不重复元素的集合称为“集(set)”。.NET Framework包含两个集HashSet<T>和SortedSet<T>,它们都实现ISet<T>接口。HashSet<T>集包含不重复元素的无序列表,SortedSet<T>集包含不重复元素的有序列表。
ISet<T>接口提供的方法可以创建合集,交集,或者给出一个是另一个集的超集或子集的信息。
var companyTeams = new HashSet<string>() { "Ferrari", "McLaren", "Mercedes" }; var traditionalTeams = new HashSet<string>() { "Ferrari", "McLaren" }; var privateTeams = new HashSet<string>() { "Red Bull", "Lotus", "Toro Rosso", "Force India", "Sauber" }; if (privateTeams.Add("Williams")) Console.WriteLine("Williams added"); if (!companyTeams.Add("McLaren")) Console.WriteLine("McLaren was already in this set");
IsSubsetOf验证traditionalTeams中的每个元素是否都包含在companyTeams中
if (traditionalTeams.IsSubsetOf(companyTeams)) { Console.WriteLine("traditionalTeams is subset of companyTeams"); }
IsSupersetOf验证traditionalTeams中是否有companyTeams中没有的元素
if (companyTeams.IsSupersetOf(traditionalTeams)) { Console.WriteLine("companyTeams is a superset of traditionalTeams"); }
Overlaps验证是否有交集
traditionalTeams.Add("Williams"); if (privateTeams.Overlaps(traditionalTeams)) { Console.WriteLine("At least one team is the same with the traditional " + "and private teams"); }
调用UnionWith方法把新的 SortedSet<string>变量填充为companyTeams,privateTeams,traditionalTeams的合集
var allTeams = new SortedSet<string>(companyTeams); allTeams.UnionWith(privateTeams); allTeams.UnionWith(traditionalTeams); Console.WriteLine(); Console.WriteLine("all teams"); foreach (var team in allTeams) { Console.WriteLine(team); }
输出(有序的):
Ferrari Force India Lotus McLaren Mercedes Red Bull Sauber Toro Rosso Williams
每个元素只列出一次,因为集只包含唯一值。
ExceptWith方法从ExceptWith中删除所有私有元素
allTeams.ExceptWith(privateTeams); Console.WriteLine(); Console.WriteLine("no private team left"); foreach (var team in allTeams) { Console.WriteLine(team); }
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