kubernetes中Harbor有什么用

这篇文章主要介绍了kubernetes中Harbor有什么用，具有一定借鉴价值，感兴趣的朋友可以参考下，希望大家阅读完这篇文章之后大有收获，下面让小编带着大家一起了解一下。

一：简介

Harbor是一个用于存储和分发Docker镜像的企业级Registry服务器。

镜像的存储harbor使用的是官方的docker registry(v2命名是distribution)服务去完成。harbor在docker distribution的基础上增加了一些安全、访问控制、管理的功能以满足企业对于镜像仓库的需求。harbor以docker-compose的规范形式组织各个组件，并通过docker-compose工具进行启停。

docker的registry是用本地存储或者s3都是可以的，harbor的功能是在此之上提供用户权限管理、镜像复制等功能，提高使用的registry的效率。Harbor的镜像拷贝功能是通过docker registry的API去拷贝，这种做法屏蔽了繁琐的底层文件操作、不仅可以利用现有docker registry功能不必重复造轮子，而且可以解决冲突和一致性的问题。

二：Harbor架构


三：主要组件

• Proxy：对应启动组件nginx。它是一个nginx反向代理，代理Notary client（镜像认证）、Docker client（镜像上传下载等）和浏览器的访问请求（Core Service）给后端的各服务；

• UI（Core Service）：对应启动组件harbor-ui。底层数据存储使用mysql数据库，主要提供了四个子功能： 
  

• UI：一个web管理页面ui；

• API：Harbor暴露的API服务；

• Auth：用户认证服务，decode后的token中的用户信息在这里进行认证；auth后端可以接db、ldap、uaa三种认证实现；

• Token服务（上图中未体现）：负责根据用户在每个project中的role来为每一个docker push/pull命令issuing一个token，如果从docker client发送给registry的请求没有带token，registry会重定向请求到token服务创建token。

• Registry：对应启动组件registry。负责存储镜像文件，和处理镜像的pull/push命令。Harbor对镜像进行强制的访问控制，Registry会将客户端的每个pull、push请求转发到token服务来获取有效的token。

• Admin Service：对应启动组件harbor-adminserver。是系统的配置管理中心附带检查存储用量，ui和jobserver启动时候需要加载adminserver的配置；

• Job Sevice：对应启动组件harbor-jobservice。负责镜像复制工作的，他和registry通信，从一个registry pull镜像然后push到另一个registry，并记录job_log；

• Log Collector：对应启动组件harbor-log。日志汇总组件，通过docker的log-driver把日志汇总到一起；

• Volnerability Scanning：对应启动组件clair。负责镜像扫描

• Notary：对应启动组件notary。负责镜像认证

• DB：对应启动组件harbor-db，负责存储project、 user、 role、replication、image_scan、access等的metadata数据。

四：安装

1、安装python-pip
yum -y install epel-release
yum -y install python-pip

2、安装docker-compose
pip install docker-compose
待安装完成后，执行查询版本的命令，即可安装docker-compose
docker-compose version

3.安装Harbor
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/harbor-releases/release-1.4.0/harbor-offline-installer-v1.4.0.tgz
tar -zxvf harbor-offline-installer-v1.4.0.tgz

配置文件 harbor.cfg

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1. ## Configuration file of Harbor
   

3. #The IP address or hostname to access admin UI and registry service.
   

4. #DO NOT use localhost or 127.0.0.1, because Harbor needs to be accessed by external clients.
   

5. hostname = 120.79.156.135
   

7. #The protocol for accessing the UI and token/notification service, by default it is http.
   

8. #It can be set to https if ssl is enabled on nginx.
   

9. ui_url_protocol = http
   

11. #Maximum number of job workers in job service
    

12. max_job_workers = 3
    

14. #Determine whether or not to generate certificate for the registry's token.
    

15. #If the value is on, the prepare script creates new root cert and private key
    

16. #for generating token to access the registry. If the value is off the default key/cert will be used.
    

17. #This flag also controls the creation of the notary signer's cert.
    

18. customize_crt = on
    

20. #The path of cert and key files for nginx, they are applied only the protocol is set to https
    

21. ssl_cert = /mnt/harbor/cert/server.crt
    

22. ssl_cert_key = /mnt/harbor/cert/server.key
    

24. #The path of secretkey storage
    

25. secretkey_path = /mnt/harbor
    

27. #Admiral's url, comment this attribute, or set its value to NA when Harbor is standalone
    

28. admiral_url = NA
    

30. #Log files are rotated log_rotate_count times before being removed. If count is 0, old versions are removed rather than rotated.
    

31. log_rotate_count = 50
    

32. #Log files are rotated only if they grow bigger than log_rotate_size bytes. If size is followed by k, the size is assumed to be in kilobytes.
    

33. #If the M is used, the size is in megabytes, and if G is used, the size is in gigabytes. So size 100, size 100k, size 100M and size 100G
    

34. #are all valid.
    

35. log_rotate_size = 200M
    

37. #NOTES: The properties between BEGIN INITIAL PROPERTIES and END INITIAL PROPERTIES
    

38. #only take effect in the first boot, the subsequent changes of these properties
    

39. #should be performed on web ui
    

41. #************************BEGIN INITIAL PROPERTIES************************
    

43. #Email account settings for sending out password resetting emails.
    

45. #Email server uses the given username and password to authenticate on TLS connections to host and act as identity.
    

46. #Identity left blank to act as username.
    

47. email_identity =
    

49. email_server = smtp.mydomain.com
    

50. email_server_port = 25
    

51. email_username = sample_admin@mydomain.com
    

52. email_password = abc
    

53. email_from = admin <sample_admin@mydomain.com>
    

54. email_ssl = false
    

55. email_insecure = false
    

57. ##The initial password of Harbor admin, only works for the first time when Harbor starts.
    

58. #It has no effect after the first launch of Harbor.
    

59. #Change the admin password from UI after launching Harbor.
    

60. harbor_admin_password = Weinong$2017
    

62. ##By default the auth mode is db_auth, i.e. the credentials are stored in a local database.
    

63. #Set it to ldap_auth if you want to verify a user's credentials against an LDAP server.
    

64. auth_mode = db_auth
    

66. #The url for an ldap endpoint.
    

67. ldap_url = ldaps://ldap.mydomain.com
    

69. #A user's DN who has the permission to search the LDAP/AD server.
    

70. #If your LDAP/AD server does not support anonymous search, you should configure this DN and ldap_search_pwd.
    

71. #ldap_searchdn = uid=searchuser,ou=people,dc=mydomain,dc=com
    

73. #the password of the ldap_searchdn
    

74. #ldap_search_pwd = password
    

76. #The base DN from which to look up a user in LDAP/AD
    

77. ldap_basedn = ou=people,dc=mydomain,dc=com
    

79. #Search filter for LDAP/AD, make sure the syntax of the filter is correct.
    

80. #ldap_filter = (objectClass=person)
    

82. # The attribute used in a search to match a user, it could be uid, cn, email, sAMAccountName or other attributes depending on your LDAP/AD
    

83. ldap_uid = uid
    

85. #the scope to search for users, 0-LDAP_SCOPE_BASE, 1-LDAP_SCOPE_ONELEVEL, 2-LDAP_SCOPE_SUBTREE
    

86. ldap_scope = 2
    

88. #Timeout (in seconds)  when connecting to an LDAP Server. The default value (and most reasonable) is 5 seconds.
    

89. ldap_timeout = 5
    

91. #Verify certificate from LDAP server
    

92. ldap_verify_cert = true
    

94. #Turn on or off the self-registration feature
    

95. self_registration = on
    

97. #The expiration time (in minute) of token created by token service, default is 30 minutes
    

98. token_expiration = 30
    

100. #The flag to control what users have permission to create projects
     

101. #The default value "everyone" allows everyone to creates a project.
     

102. #Set to "adminonly" so that only admin user can create project.
     

103. project_creation_restriction = everyone
     

105. #************************END INITIAL PROPERTIES************************
     

107. #######Harbor DB configuration section#######
     

109. #The address of the Harbor database. Only need to change when using external db.
     

110. db_host = mysql
     

112. #The password for the root user of Harbor DB. Change this before any production use.
     

113. db_password = Weinong$2017
     

115. #The port of Harbor database host
     

116. db_port = 3306
     

118. #The user name of Harbor database
     

119. db_user = root
     

121. ##### End of Harbor DB configuration#######
     

123. #The redis server address. Only needed in HA installation.
     

124. redis_url =
     

126. ##########Clair DB configuration############
     

128. #Clair DB host address. Only change it when using an exteral DB.
     

129. clair_db_host = postgres
     

131. #The password of the Clair's postgres database. Only effective when Harbor is deployed with Clair.
     

132. #Please update it before deployment. Subsequent update will cause Clair's API server and Harbor unable to access Clair's database.
     

133. clair_db_password = password
     

135. #Clair DB connect port
     

136. clair_db_port = 5432
     

138. #Clair DB username
     

139. clair_db_username = postgres
     

141. #Clair default database
     

142. clair_db = postgres
     

144. ##########End of Clair DB configuration############
     

146. #The following attributes only need to be set when auth mode is uaa_auth
     

147. uaa_endpoint = uaa.mydomain.org
     

148. uaa_clientid = id
     

149. uaa_clientsecret = secret
     

150. uaa_verify_cert = true
     

151. uaa_ca_cert = /path/to/ca.pem
     

154. ### Docker Registry setting ###
     

155. #registry_storage_provider can be: filesystem, s3, gcs, azure, etc.
     

156. registry_storage_provider_name = filesystem
     

157. #registry_storage_provider_config is a comma separated "key: value" pairs, e.g. "key1: value, key2: value2".
     

158. #Refer to https://docs.docker.com/registry/configuration/#storage for all available configuration.
     

159. registry_storage_provider_config =

配置文件docker-compose.yml

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1. version: '2'
   

2. services:
   

3.   log:
   

4.     image: vmware/harbor-log:v1.4.0
   

5.     container_name: harbor-log
   

6.     restart: always
   

7.     volumes:
   

8.       - /mnt/harbor/log/:/var/log/docker/:z
   

9.       - ./common/config/log/:/etc/logrotate.d/:z
   

10.     ports:
    

11.       - 127.0.0.1:1514:10514
    

12.     networks:
    

13.       - harbor
    

14.   registry:
    

15.     image: vmware/registry-photon:v2.6.2-v1.4.0
    

16.     container_name: registry
    

17.     restart: always
    

18.     volumes:
    

19.       - /mnt/harbor/registry:/storage:z
    

20.       - ./common/config/registry/:/etc/registry/:z
    

21.     networks:
    

22.       - harbor
    

23.     environment:
    

24.       - GODEBUG=netdns=cgo
    

25.     command:
    

26.       ["serve", "/etc/registry/config.yml"]
    

27.     depends_on:
    

28.       - log
    

29.     logging:
    

30.       driver: "syslog"
    

31.       options:
    

32.         syslog-address: "tcp://127.0.0.1:1514"
    

33.         tag: "registry"
    

34.   mysql:
    

35.     image: vmware/harbor-db:v1.4.0
    

36.     container_name: harbor-db
    

37.     restart: always
    

38.     volumes:
    

39.       - /mnt/harbor/database:/var/lib/mysql:z
    

40.     networks:
    

41.       - harbor
    

42.     env_file:
    

43.       - ./common/config/db/env
    

44.     depends_on:
    

45.       - log
    

46.     logging:
    

47.       driver: "syslog"
    

48.       options:
    

49.         syslog-address: "tcp://127.0.0.1:1514"
    

50.         tag: "mysql"
    

51.   adminserver:
    

52.     image: vmware/harbor-adminserver:v1.4.0
    

53.     container_name: harbor-adminserver
    

54.     env_file:
    

55.       - ./common/config/adminserver/env
    

56.     restart: always
    

57.     volumes:
    

58.       - /mnt/harbor/config/:/etc/adminserver/config/:z
    

59.       - /mnt/harbor/secretkey:/etc/adminserver/key:z
    

60.       - /mnt/harbor/:/data/:z
    

61.     networks:
    

62.       - harbor
    

63.     depends_on:
    

64.       - log
    

65.     logging:
    

66.       driver: "syslog"
    

67.       options:
    

68.         syslog-address: "tcp://127.0.0.1:1514"
    

69.         tag: "adminserver"
    

70.   ui:
    

71.     image: vmware/harbor-ui:v1.4.0
    

72.     container_name: harbor-ui
    

73.     env_file:
    

74.       - ./common/config/ui/env
    

75.     restart: always
    

76.     volumes:
    

77.       - ./common/config/ui/app.conf:/etc/ui/app.conf:z
    

78.       - ./common/config/ui/private_key.pem:/etc/ui/private_key.pem:z
    

79.       - ./common/config/ui/certificates/:/etc/ui/certificates/:z
    

80.       - /mnt/harbor/secretkey:/etc/ui/key:z
    

81.       - /mnt/harbor/ca_download/:/etc/ui/ca/:z
    

82.       - /mnt/harbor/psc/:/etc/ui/token/:z
    

83.     networks:
    

84.       - harbor
    

85.     depends_on:
    

86.       - log
    

87.       - adminserver
    

88.       - registry
    

89.     logging:
    

90.       driver: "syslog"
    

91.       options:
    

92.         syslog-address: "tcp://127.0.0.1:1514"
    

93.         tag: "ui"
    

94.   jobservice:
    

95.     image: vmware/harbor-jobservice:v1.4.0
    

96.     container_name: harbor-jobservice
    

97.     env_file:
    

98.       - ./common/config/jobservice/env
    

99.     restart: always
    

100.     volumes:
     

101.       - /mnt/harbor/job_logs:/var/log/jobs:z
     

102.       - ./common/config/jobservice/app.conf:/etc/jobservice/app.conf:z
     

103.       - /mnt/harbor/secretkey:/etc/jobservice/key:z
     

104.     networks:
     

105.       - harbor
     

106.     depends_on:
     

107.       - ui
     

108.       - adminserver
     

109.     logging:
     

110.       driver: "syslog"
     

111.       options:
     

112.         syslog-address: "tcp://127.0.0.1:1514"
     

113.         tag: "jobservice"
     

114.   proxy:
     

115.     image: vmware/nginx-photon:v1.4.0
     

116.     container_name: nginx
     

117.     restart: always
     

118.     volumes:
     

119.       - ./common/config/nginx:/etc/nginx:z
     

120.     networks:
     

121.       - harbor
     

122.     ports:
     

123.       - 80:80
     

124.       - 443:443
     

125.       - 4443:4443
     

126.     depends_on:
     

127.       - mysql
     

128.       - registry
     

129.       - ui
     

130.       - log
     

131.     logging:
     

132.       driver: "syslog"
     

133.       options:
     

134.         syslog-address: "tcp://127.0.0.1:1514"
     

135.         tag: "proxy"
     

136. networks:
     

137.   harbor:
     

138.     external: false

安装Harbor
./install.sh

可以使用docker-compose来管理Harbor的生命周期。 一些有用的命令列出如下:
docker-compose ps  查看


docker-compose stop  停止
docker-compose start 启动
docker-compose down  删除，利用./install.sh可以重新安装

五：验证

1.碰到的问题

a. 错误提示

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1. /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/__init__.py:80: RequestsDependencyWarning: urllib3 (1.21.1) or chardet (2.2.1) doesn

原因：python库中urllib3 (1.21.1) or chardet (2.2.1) 的版本不兼容
解决办法：
pip uninstall urllib3
pip uninstall  chardet
pip install requests

b.错误提示：“harbor failed to initialize the system: read /etc/adminserver/key: is a directory”
原因：harbor.cfg中的secretkey_path和docker-compose.yml中的设置不一致

2.ui 界面

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