Linux系统之时间同步方法
一、使用NTP服务时间同步
1.安装ntp
[root@node ~]# yum -y install ntp2.启动ntp服务
[root@node ~]# systemctl start ntpd[root@node ~]# systemctl enable ntpdCreated symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/ntpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/ntpd.service.3.查看ntp服务
[root@node ~]# systemctl status ntpd● ntpd.service - Network Time Service Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/ntpd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Thu 2022-08-04 08:00:47 CST; 7h left Main PID: 20746 (ntpd) Tasks: 1 Memory: 768.0K CGroup: /system.slice/ntpd.service └─20746 /usr/sbin/ntpd -u ntp:ntp -gAug 04 08:00:47 node ntpd[20746]: Listen normally on 6 lo ::1 UDP 123Aug 04 08:00:47 node ntpd[20746]: Listen normally on 7 ens33 fe80::8a83:7297:7cb8:9934 UDP 123Aug 04 08:00:47 node ntpd[20746]: Listening on routing socket on fd #24 for interface updatesAug 04 08:00:47 node systemd[1]: Started Network Time Service.Aug 04 08:00:47 node ntpd[20746]: 0.0.0.0 c016 06 restartAug 04 08:00:47 node ntpd[20746]: 0.0.0.0 c012 02 freq_set kernel 0.000 PPMAug 04 08:00:47 node ntpd[20746]: 0.0.0.0 c011 01 freq_not_setAug 04 08:00:56 node ntpd[20746]: 0.0.0.0 c61c 0c clock_step -28798.353463 sAug 04 00:00:57 node ntpd[20746]: 0.0.0.0 c614 04 freq_modeAug 04 00:00:58 node ntpd[20746]: 0.0.0.0 c618 08 no_sys_peer4.修改ntp.conf文件
[root@node ~]# vim /etc/ntp.conf[root@node ~]# grep server /etc/ntp.conf # Use public servers from the pool.ntp.org project.#server 0.centos.pool.ntp.org iburstserver ntp.aliyun.com iburst#broadcast 192.168.1.255 autokey# broadcast server#broadcast 224.0.1.1 autokey# multicast server#manycastserver 239.255.254.254# manycast server5.重启服务
[root@node ~]# systemctl restart ntpd6.检查同步状态
[root@node ~]# ntpq -p remote refid st t when poll reach delay offset jitter============================================================================== 203.107.6.88 100.107.25.114 2 u 2 64 1 30.975 149.499 0.393二、使用ntpdate同步
1.使用ntpd命令同步
[root@node ~]# ntpdate ntp.aliyun.com 4 Aug 00:07:17 ntpdate[20924]: adjust time server 203.107.6.88 offset -0.001543 sec2.查看时间
[root@node ~]# dateThu Aug 4 00:07:46 CST 2022三、处理ntpdate同步失败报错处理方法
1.报错信息
cna02:~ # ntpdate ntp1.aliyun.com 4 Aug 07:23:41 ntpdate[18694]: the NTP socket is in use, exiting2.处理方法
cna02:~ # service ntpd stopRedirecting to /bin/systemctl stop ntpd.service3.重新同步
cna02:~ # ntpdate ntp1.aliyun.com 3 Aug 23:22:36 ntpdate[28980]: step time server 120.25.115.20 offset -28911.609110 sec4.查看时间是否正确
cna02:~ # dateWed Aug 3 23:22:41 CST 2022四、使用chrony服务时间同步
1.安装chrony
[root@node ~]# yum -y install chronyLoaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacksLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn * updates: mirrors.bfsu.edu.cnResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package chrony.x86_64 0:3.2-2.el7 will be updated---> Package chrony.x86_64 0:3.4-1.el7 will be an update--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved=============================================================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size===============================================================================================================================================================================Updating: chrony x86_64 3.4-1.el7 base 251 kTransaction Summary===============================================================================================================================================================================Upgrade 1 PackageTotal download size: 251 kDownloading packages:No Presto metadata available for basechrony-3.4-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 251 kB 00:00:00 Running transaction checkRunning transaction testTransaction test succeededRunning transaction Updating : chrony-3.4-1.el7.x86_64 1/2 Cleanup : chrony-3.2-2.el7.x86_64 2/2 Verifying : chrony-3.4-1.el7.x86_64 1/2 Verifying : chrony-3.2-2.el7.x86_64 2/2 Updated: chrony.x86_64 0:3.4-1.el7 Complete!2.启动chrony服务
[root@node ~]# systemctl enable --now chronydCreated symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/chronyd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/chronyd.service.3.查看chrony状态
[root@node ~]# systemctl status chronyd● chronyd.service - NTP client/server Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/chronyd.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled) Active: active (running) since Thu 2022-08-04 00:12:27 CST; 29s ago Docs: man:chronyd(8) man:chrony.conf(5) Process: 21136 ExecStartPost=/usr/libexec/chrony-helper update-daemon (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Process: 21132 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/chronyd $OPTIONS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 21134 (chronyd) Tasks: 1 Memory: 364.0K CGroup: /system.slice/chronyd.service └─21134 /usr/sbin/chronydAug 04 00:12:27 node systemd[1]: Starting NTP client/server...Aug 04 00:12:27 node chronyd[21134]: chronyd version 3.4 starting (+CMDMON +NTP +REFCLOCK +RTC +PRIVDROP +SCFILTER +SIGND +ASYNCDNS +SECHASH +IPV6 +DEBUG)Aug 04 00:12:27 node systemd[1]: Started NTP client/server.Aug 04 00:12:35 node chronyd[21134]: Selected source 193.182.111.141Aug 04 00:12:35 node chronyd[21134]: Source 78.46.102.180 replaced with 94.237.64.204.修改配置文件
[root@node ~]# grep server /etc/chrony.conf # Use public servers from the pool.ntp.org project.#server 0.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst#server 1.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst#server 3.centos.pool.ntp.org iburstserver ntp1.aliyun.com iburst5.重启服务
[root@node ~]# systemctl restart chronyd6.检查时间同步状态
[root@node ~]# chronyc sources210 Number of sources = 1MS Name/IP address Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample ===============================================================================^* 120.25.115.20 2 6 71 26 +751us[+1549us] +/- 19ms五、手动修改时间
1.修改时间方法1
[root@node ~]# date -s "2012-05-23 01:01:01"Wed May 23 01:01:01 CST 2012[root@node ~]# dateWed May 23 01:01:05 CST 20122.修改时间方法2
修改时间顺序为月日时分年.秒
[root@tianyi ~]# date 090621282021.28Mon Sep 6 21:28:28 CST 20213.硬件时间向系统时间同步
[root@node ~]# hwclock -w4.按格式输出时间
[root@node ~]# date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"2012-05-23 01:04:105.设置时区
[root@tianyi backups]# timedatectl list-timezones |grep ShanghaiAsia/Shanghai[root@tianyi backups]# timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai来源地址：https://blog.csdn.net/jks212454/article/details/126151111
