C#写入xml文件
1、XmlDocument
1。我认为是最原始,最基本的一种:利用XmlDocument向一个XML文件里写节点,然后再利用XmlDocument保存文件。
首先加载要写入的XML文件,但是如果没有的,就要新建,在新建的过程中,要有写入的代码;
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
try
{
doc.Load("new.xml");
}
catch
{
XmlTextWriter xtw = new XmlTextWriter("new.xml", Encoding.UTF8);
//新建XML文件
xtw.WriteStartDocument();
xtw.WriteStartElement("gnode");
// gnode根节点
xtw.WriteStartElement("myxm1");
// gnode根节点下的元素myxmls
xtw.WriteEndElement();
xtw.WriteEndElement();
xtw.WriteEndDocument();
xtw.Close();
doc.Load("new.xml");
}
XmlNode xn = doc.DocumentElement;
//找到根节点
XmlElement xe = doc.CreateElement("myxml2");
//在根节点下创建元素,如果是属性,则用XmlAttribute;
xe.InnerText = "薪薪代码hahaha";
//给子节点写入文本节点(值)
xn.AppendChild(xe);
//根节点将其纳入
doc.Save("new2.xml");
//利用XmlDocument保存文件
}
注意点:在新建根节点的时候,WriteStartElement,只能嵌套,也就是只能有一个根节点。
2、DataSet对象里的值来生成XML文件
应用到数据库,将数据库的DataSet对象里的值来生成XML文件的元素;
using (SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection("Server=.;DataBase=HGSTUDY;uid=sa;pwd=yao"))
{
con.Open();
SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand("select * from GL_STUDY", con);
command.CommandType = CommandType.Text;
DataSet ds = new DataSet("DATASET");
//DATASET将成为XML文件中的根节点名称,否则系统将其命名为NewDataSet
SqlDataAdapter sda = new SqlDataAdapter();
sda.SelectCommand = command;
sda.Fill(ds, "DATATABLE");
//DATATABLE为所生成XML文件中的子节点名称,否则系统将其命名为Table。
ds.WriteXml("dbxml.xml");
// DataSet的方法WriteXml将数据写入到XML文件,就是这么一句话。如果不保存到文件,直接ds.GetXML()
}
3、利用XmlSerializer来将类的属性值转换为XML文件的元素值。
用一个字符串作为一个XML文档中的xmlAttribute或xmlElement。[其元素或属性由类的定义来设置(xml串行化)]
using System;System.xml.Serialization;
先初始化一个类,设置属性值
var xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
//Create the xml declaration first
xmlDoc.AppendChild(xmlDoc.CreateXmlDeclaration("1.0", "utf-8", null));
//Create the root node and append into doc
var el = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Contacts");
xmlDoc.AppendChild(el);
// Contact
XmlElement elementContact = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Contact");
XmlAttribute attrID = xmlDoc.CreateAttribute("id");
attrID.Value = "01";
elementContact.Attributes.Append(attrID);
el.AppendChild(elementContact);
// Contact Name
XmlElement elementName = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Name");
elementName.InnerText = "Daisy Abbey";
elementContact.AppendChild(elementName);
// Contact Gender
XmlElement elementGender = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Gender");
elementGender.InnerText = "female";
elementContact.AppendChild(elementGender);
xmlDoc.Save("test1.xml");
建XmlSerializer实例
class XXX {
XmlSerializer ser = new XmlSerializer(Type.GetType("forxml.truck"));
Truck tr = new Truck();
tr.ID = 1;
tr.cheID = "赣A T34923";
}
Serialize方法–完成对类的串行化
XmlTextWriter xtw = new XmlTextWriter("myxml.xml",Encoding.UTF8);
用XmlTextWriter 创建一个XML文件
ser.Serialize(xtw, tr);
//如果只想显示,可以直接ser.Serialize(Console.Out, tr);
}
xml常用方法:
定义xml文档:XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
初始化xml文档:xmlDoc.Load(“D:\book.xml”);//找到xml文件
创建根元素:XmlElement xmlElement = xmlDoc.CreateElement(“”, “Employees”, “”);
创建节点:XmlElement xeSub1 = xmlDoc.CreateElement(“title”);
查找Employees节点:XmlNode root = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(“Employees”);
添加节点:xe1.AppendChild(xeSub1);
更改节点的属性:xe.SetAttribute(“Name”, “李明明”);
移除xe的ID属性:xe.RemoveAttribute(“ID”);
删除节点title:xe.RemoveChild(xe2);
示例:写入xml
1、创建xml文档
public void CreateXMLDocument()
{
XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
//加入XML的声明段落,<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?>
XmlDeclaration xmlDeclar;
xmlDeclar = xmlDoc.CreateXmlDeclaration("1.0", "gb2312", null);
xmlDoc.AppendChild(xmlDeclar);
//加入Employees根元素
XmlElement xmlElement = xmlDoc.CreateElement("", "Employees", "");
xmlDoc.AppendChild(xmlElement);
//添加节点
XmlNode root = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("Employees");
XmlElement xe1 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Node");
xe1.SetAttribute("Name", "薪薪代码");
xe1.SetAttribute("ISB", "2-3631-4");
//添加子节点
XmlElement xeSub1 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("title");
xeSub1.InnerText = "学习VS";
xe1.AppendChild(xeSub1);
XmlElement xeSub2 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("price");
xe1.AppendChild(xeSub2);
XmlElement xeSub3 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("weight");
xeSub3.InnerText = "20";
xeSub2.AppendChild(xeSub3);
root.AppendChild(xe1);
xmlDoc.Save("D:\\book.xml");//保存的路径
}
生成的xml文件如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312"?>
-<Employees>-
<Node ISB="2-3631-4" Name="薪薪代码">
<title>学习VS</title>-
<price>
<weight>20</weight>
</price>
</Node>
</Employees>
2 、增加节点
XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
xmlDoc.Load("D:\\book.xml");//找到xml文件
XmlNode root = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("Employees");//查找Employees节点
XmlElement xe1 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Node2");//添加Node2节点
xe1.SetAttribute("Name", "张飞");
XmlElement xeSub1 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("title");//定义子节点
xeSub1.InnerText = "心情好";
xe1.AppendChild(xeSub1);//添加节点到Node2
root.AppendChild(xe1);//添加节点到Employees
xmlDoc.Save("D:\\book.xml");
结果:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312"?>
-<Employees>
-<Node ISB="2-3631-4" Name="薪薪代码">
<title>学习VS</title>-
<price>
<weight>20</weight>
</price>
</Node>-
<Node2 Name="张三">
<title>心情好</title>
</Node2>-
<Node2 Name="张三">
<title>心情好</title>
</Node2>
</Employees>
3 、修改节点:
public void ModifyNode()
{
XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument();
xmlDocument.Load("D:\\book.xml");
XmlNodeList nodeList = xmlDocument.SelectSingleNode("Employees").ChildNodes;//获取Employees节点的所有子节点
foreach (XmlNode xn in nodeList)//遍历
{
XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;
if (xe.GetAttribute("Name") == "薪薪代码")
{
xe.SetAttribute("Name", "薪薪");//更改节点的属性
XmlNodeList xnl = xe.ChildNodes;//获取xe的所有子节点
foreach (XmlNode xn1 in xnl)
{
XmlElement xe2 = (XmlElement)xn1;//将节点xn1的属性转换为XmlElement
if (xe2.Name == "title")//找到节点名字为title的节点
{
xe2.InnerText = "今天天气不好";
}
if (xe2.Name == "price")
{
XmlNodeList xnl2 = xe2.ChildNodes;
foreach (XmlNode xn2 in xnl2)
{
if (xn2.Name == "weight")
{
xn2.InnerText = "88";
}
}
}
}
}
}
xmlDocument.Save("D:\\book2.xml");
}
运行结果:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312"?>
-<Employees>
-<Node ISB="2-3631-4" Name="薪薪">
<title>今天天气不好</title>-<price>
<weight>88</weight>
</price>
</Node>
-<Node2 Name="张三">
<title>心情好</title>
</Node2></Employees>
4 、删除节点
public void DeleteNode()
{
XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument();
xmlDocument.Load("D:\\book1.xml");
XmlNodeList xnl = xmlDocument.SelectSingleNode("Employees").ChildNodes;
foreach (XmlNode xn in xnl)
{
if (xn.Name == "Node")
{
XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;//将xn的属性转换为XmlElement
xe.RemoveAttribute("ID");//移除xe的ID属性
XmlNodeList xnl2 = xe.ChildNodes;
for (int i = 0; i < xnl2.Count; i++)
{
XmlElement xe2 = (XmlElement)xnl2.Item(i);
if (xe2.Name == "title")
{
xe.RemoveChild(xe2);//删除节点title
}
}
}
}
xmlDocument.Save("D:\\book3.xml");
}
结果:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312"?>
-<Employees>
-<Node ISB="2-3631-4" Name="薪薪">-<price>
<weight>20</weight>
</price>
</Node>-
<Node2 Name="张三">
<title>心情好</title>
</Node2>-
<Node2 Name="张三">
<title>心情好</title>
</Node2>
</Employees>
c#读取xml文件
xml文件如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configurationN>
<ServerAddress>1143</ServerAddress>
<ID>192.168</ID>
</configurationN>
在写入xml文件时,最主要使用了两个方法:Load和Save。
Load:初始化xml文档,以便项目文件获取具体的xml节点的值。
public void Load(string path)
{
try
{
XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument();
xmlDocument.Load(path);
XmlNodeList xnl = xmlDocument.SelectSingleNode(managerNode).ChildNodes;
foreach (XmlNode xn in xnl)
{
if (xn.Name == configuration_ServerAddress)
{
ServerAddress = xn.InnerText;
}
}
}
catch(Exception ex)
{ }
}
Save:在项目系统中进行修改配置文件值后,需要对xml进行重新保存
public void Save(string path)
{
try
{
XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument();
xmlDocument.Load(path);
XmlNodeList xnl = xmlDocument.SelectSingleNode(managerNode).ChildNodes;
foreach (XmlNode xn in xnl)
{
if (xn.Name == configuration_ServerAddress)
{
xn.InnerText = ServerAddress;
}
}
xmlDocument.Save(path);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{ }
}
此处将所有代码都贴出来,方便下次实现。因为项目是WPF文件,而且都是简单控件,所以只贴出后台代码。
class ConfigurationManager:INotifyPropertyChanged
{
public const string managerNode = "configurationN";//根节点
public const string configuration_ServerAddress = "ServerAddress";//子节点
private string _ServerAddress;
public string ServerAddress
{
get { return _ServerAddress; }
set
{
_ServerAddress = value;
NotifyPropertyChanged("ServerAddress");
}
}
public void Load(string path)
{
try
{
XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument();
xmlDocument.Load(path);
XmlNodeList xnl = xmlDocument.SelectSingleNode(managerNode).ChildNodes;
foreach (XmlNode xn in xnl)
{
if (xn.Name == configuration_ServerAddress)
{
ServerAddress = xn.InnerText;
}
}
}
catch(Exception ex)
{ }
}
public void Save(string path)
{
try
{
XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument();
xmlDocument.Load(path);
XmlNodeList xnl = xmlDocument.SelectSingleNode(managerNode).ChildNodes;
foreach (XmlNode xn in xnl)
{
if (xn.Name == configuration_ServerAddress)
{
xn.InnerText = ServerAddress;
}
}
xmlDocument.Save(path);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{ }
}
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
private void NotifyPropertyChanged(string propertyName)
{
if (PropertyChanged != null)
{
PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
}
public static ConfigurationManager Instance = new ConfigurationManager();
}
public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
public MainWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
Start();
this.tb1.Text = ConfigurationManager.Instance.ServerAddress.ToString();
}
private string path = "CONFIG\\System.xml";
private void button1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
ConfigurationManager.Instance.ServerAddress = this.tb1.Text;
ConfigurationManager.Instance.Save(path);
}
private void button2_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
Application.Current.Shutdown();
}
private void Start()
{
ConfigurationManager.Instance.Load(path);
}
}
总结
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