这篇文章给大家介绍怎么在Android中通过自定义View实现一个扫描效果，内容非常详细，感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考借鉴，希望对大家能有所帮助。
自定义属性：
<declare-styleable name="ScanView" tools:ignore="ResourceName"> <!--扫描的图片--> <attr name="unit_scan_img" format="reference" /> <!--动画时长--> <attr name="anim_duration" format="integer" /></declare-styleable>自定义 View：
实现原理，就是对 bitmap 做 Translate、preScale 转换，然后不断的 draw bitmap。其中 Translate 是为了实现位移效果，preScale 则是为了来回转换方向。
class ScanView : View { private var scanImg: Drawable? = null private lateinit var paint: Paint private var viewWidth: Int = 0 private var viewHeight: Int = 0 private var bitmapMatrix = Matrix() private var scanBitmap: Bitmap? = null private var showBitmapHeight: Float = 0F private var isVertical = true private var isStartFromBottom = true private var isPositive = true fun setVertical(isVertical: Boolean) { this.isVertical = isVertical stopScanAnimAndReset() setScanBitmap() } fun setStartFromBootom(isFromBottom: Boolean) { this.isStartFromBottom = isFromBottom stopScanAnimAndReset() } private var valueAnimator: ValueAnimator? = null private var animDuration: Long = 1000L constructor(context: Context) : this(context, null) constructor(context: Context, attrs: AttributeSet?) : this(context, attrs, 0) constructor(context: Context, attrs: AttributeSet?, defStyleAttr: Int) : super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr) { initAttribute(context, attrs) init() } private fun initAttribute(context: Context, attrs: AttributeSet?) { attrs?.let { val typedArray = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.ScanView) scanImg = typedArray.getDrawable(R.styleable.ScanView_unit_scan_img) animDuration = typedArray.getInt(R.styleable.ScanView_anim_duration, 1000).toLong() typedArray.recycle() } } fun setAnimDuration(time: Long) { animDuration = time } private fun init() { paint = Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG) paint.style = Paint.Style.FILL } private fun getBitmapFromDrawable(drawable: Drawable): Bitmap? { var unitImgBitmap = drawable.toBitmap() if (unitImgBitmap.isRecycled) { return null } if (unitImgBitmap.isRecycled) { return null } // 处理横置的时候图片的旋转（因为视觉给的图一般是一个竖向的图，因此在横置的时候，手动将图片同步横置） if (!isVertical) { val matrix = Matrix() matrix.postRotate(90f) val resizedBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(unitImgBitmap, 0, 0, unitImgBitmap.width, unitImgBitmap.height, matrix, true) if (resizedBitmap != unitImgBitmap && unitImgBitmap != null && !unitImgBitmap.isRecycled) { unitImgBitmap.recycle() unitImgBitmap = resizedBitmap } } var realWidth: Int val finalBitmap: Bitmap val realUnitImgWidth: Float if (isVertical) { realWidth = viewWidth finalBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(realWidth, unitImgBitmap.height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888) realUnitImgWidth = unitImgBitmap.width.toFloat() } else { realWidth = viewHeight finalBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(unitImgBitmap.width, realWidth, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888) realUnitImgWidth = unitImgBitmap.height.toFloat() } val canvas = Canvas(finalBitmap) // 向上取整 val count = ceil(realWidth / realUnitImgWidth).toInt() // 为了解决适配问题，因为不同手机宽度不同，如果 UI 只提供了一个尺寸的素材，则可能会出现拉伸 // 导致视觉效果不好的问题。这里换一种解决思路，即不将图片进行缩放，而是根据时机的宽度， // 去重复拼凑 unitImgBitmap，使其转换为一个充满宽度的整图，从而避免缩放导致的拉伸问题。 // 需要注意的是，此时需要跟视觉协商，只需要给最小单元的图片素材即可。 if (isVertical) { for (i in 0 until count) { canvas.drawBitmap(unitImgBitmap,i * realUnitImgWidth, 0f, paint) } } else { for (i in 0 until count) { canvas.drawBitmap(unitImgBitmap,0f, i * realUnitImgWidth, paint) } } return finalBitmap } override fun onDraw(canvas: Canvas) { super.onDraw(canvas) scanBitmap?.let { canvas.drawBitmap(it, bitmapMatrix, paint) } } fun startScanAnim() { valueAnimator?.takeIf { it.isRunning }?.let { it.cancel() } val value = if(isVertical) viewHeight.toFloat() else viewWidth.toFloat() valueAnimator = if (isStartFromBottom) { ValueAnimator.ofFloat(value + showBitmapHeight, -showBitmapHeight) } else { ValueAnimator.ofFloat(-showBitmapHeight, value + showBitmapHeight) } valueAnimator?.apply { // 使得扫描动画在横竖状态下都是相同的速度 duration = if (isVertical) animDuration else (animDuration * 1.0f / viewWidth * viewHeight).toLong() repeatCount = -1 repeatMode = ValueAnimator.REVERSE addUpdateListener(getUpdateListener()) addListener(object : AnimatorListenerAdapter() { override fun onAnimationRepeat(animation: Animator) { // 用于控制 scan img 动画来回时的方向 isPositive = !isPositive } }) start() } } // 通过直接返回对应的 ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener， // 而不是在 ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener 回调中做 if 判断，提高性能 private fun getUpdateListener(): ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener { return if (isVertical) { if (isStartFromBottom) { ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener { animation -> val value = animation.animatedValue as? Float ?: return@AnimatorUpdateListener bitmapMatrix.setTranslate(0F, value) // 使得 bitmap 来回动画的时候，方向是相对的 bitmapMatrix.preScale(1.0f, if (isPositive) -1.0f else 1.0f) invalidate() } } else { ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener { animation -> val value = animation.animatedValue as? Float ?: return@AnimatorUpdateListener bitmapMatrix.setTranslate(0F, value) // 使得 bitmap 来回动画的时候，方向是相对的 bitmapMatrix.preScale(1.0f, if (isPositive) 1.0f else -1.0f) invalidate() } } } else { if (isStartFromBottom) { ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener { animation -> val value = animation.animatedValue as? Float ?: return@AnimatorUpdateListener bitmapMatrix.setTranslate(value, 0f) bitmapMatrix.preScale(if (isPositive) 1.0f else -1.0f, 1.0f) invalidate() } } else { ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener { animation -> val value = animation.animatedValue as? Float ?: return@AnimatorUpdateListener bitmapMatrix.setTranslate(value, 0f) bitmapMatrix.preScale(if (isPositive) -1.0f else 1.0f, 1.0f) invalidate() } } } } fun stopScanAnimAndReset() { valueAnimator?.takeIf { it.isRunning }?.cancel() reset(true) } private fun reset(isInvalidate: Boolean) { bitmapMatrix.reset() isPositive = true if (isVertical) { if (isStartFromBottom) { bitmapMatrix.setTranslate(0F, viewHeight + showBitmapHeight) bitmapMatrix.preScale(1.0f, if (isPositive) -1.0f else 1.0f) } else { bitmapMatrix.setTranslate(0F, -showBitmapHeight) bitmapMatrix.preScale(1.0f, if (isPositive) 1.0f else -1.0f) } } else { if (isStartFromBottom) { bitmapMatrix.setTranslate(viewWidth + showBitmapHeight, 0f) bitmapMatrix.preScale(if (isPositive) 1.0f else -1.0f, 1.0f) } else { bitmapMatrix.setTranslate(-showBitmapHeight, 0f) bitmapMatrix.preScale(if (isPositive) -1.0f else 1.0f, 1.0f) } } if (isInvalidate) { invalidate() } } private fun setScanBitmap() { if (scanImg == null || viewWidth <= 0 || viewHeight <= 0) { return } val bitmap = getBitmapFromDrawable(scanImg!!) ?: return scanBitmap = bitmap showBitmapHeight = if (isVertical) bitmap.height.toFloat() else bitmap.width.toFloat() reset(false) } override fun onSizeChanged(w: Int, h: Int, oldw: Int, oldh: Int) { super.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh) viewWidth = w viewHeight = h setScanBitmap() } override fun onDetachedFromWindow() { super.onDetachedFromWindow() stopScanAnimAndReset() }}需要注意，上述代码的实现，有一个暂时还没有思路解决的问题，即比如动画从上扫描到底部，然后转换方向再从底部往上的时候，这里其实是有一段时间间隔的，并不是会马上从底部露出来。 只不过如果设置的动画时间比较短的话，感官上不会那么明显。
另外，上述代码中用到了系统提供的扩展方法 Drawable.toBitmap() 。
// androidx.core:core-ktx:1.3.2fun Drawable.toBitmap( @Px width: Int = intrinsicWidth, @Px height: Int = intrinsicHeight, config: Config? = null): Bitmap { if (this is BitmapDrawable) { if (config == null || bitmap.config == config) { // Fast-path to return original. Bitmap.createScaledBitmap will do this check, but it // involves allocation and two jumps into native code so we perform the check ourselves. if (width == intrinsicWidth && height == intrinsicHeight) { return bitmap } return Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(bitmap, width, height, true) } } val (oldLeft, oldTop, oldRight, oldBottom) = bounds val bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, height, config ?: Config.ARGB_8888) setBounds(0, 0, width, height) draw(Canvas(bitmap)) setBounds(oldLeft, oldTop, oldRight, oldBottom) return bitmap}最后附带本身使用的动画图片素材（是一张矢量图）：
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android:fillType="evenOdd"> <aapt:attr name="android:fillColor"> <gradient android:startY="61" android:startX="55" android:endY="-1.6146E-7" android:endX="55" android:type="linear"> <item android:offset="0" android:color="#721984FF"/> <item android:offset="0.476488" android:color="#191984FF"/> <item android:offset="1" android:color="#051984FF"/> </gradient> </aapt:attr> </path></vector>关于怎么在Android中通过自定义View实现一个扫描效果就分享到这里了，希望以上内容可以对大家有一定的帮助，可以学到更多知识。如果觉得文章不错，可以把它分享出去让更多的人看到。
