java实现短信验证码发送，由于我们使用第三方平台进行验证码的发送，所以首先，我们要在一个平台进行注册。这样的平台有很多，有的平台在新建账号的时候会附带赠几条免费短信。这里我仅做测试使用(具体哪个平台见参考三，很简单，注册账号就行，记得添加短信签名)。
另外，在实际项目中，如果有人恶意攻击，不停的发送短信验证码，就会造成很大的损失。故对发送次数做一定的限制就非常必要，这里我们限制一个手机号一天可以发多少短信和短信平台无关。
这里采用的是存redis来实现这一个功能。就是每次调用发送验证码这个接口都会判断手机号码是否在redis中存为key了。如果没有则创建一个key为手机号码value是1.因为redis中不支持数字所以将其变为了string类型。如果redis中已经有这个key了则将此key的值取出来加1再存进redis中。
代码实现：
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.6.2</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.lmc</groupId>
<artifactId>springboot-sendsms</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>springboot-sendsms</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>RespBean.java
package com.lmc.bean;
public class RespBean {
private Integer status;
private String msg;
private Object obj;
public static RespBean build() {
return new RespBean();
}
public static RespBean ok(String msg) {
return new RespBean(200, msg, null);
}
public static RespBean ok(String msg, Object obj) {
return new RespBean(200, msg, obj);
}
public static RespBean error(String msg) {
return new RespBean(500, msg, null);
}
public static RespBean error(String msg, Object obj) {
return new RespBean(500, msg, obj);
}
private RespBean() {
}
private RespBean(Integer status, String msg, Object obj) {
this.status = status;
this.msg = msg;
this.obj = obj;
}
public Integer getStatus() {
return status;
}
public RespBean setStatus(Integer status) {
this.status = status;
return this;
}
public String getMsg() {
return msg;
}
public RespBean setMsg(String msg) {
this.msg = msg;
return this;
}
public Object getObj() {
return obj;
}
public RespBean setObj(Object obj) {
this.obj = obj;
return this;
}
}RedisConfig.java
package com.lmc.config;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAutoDetect;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {
@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = "redisTemplate")
public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(
RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory)
throws UnknownHostException {
Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object> jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object>(Object.class);
ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(om);
RedisTemplate<String, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<String, Object>();
template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);
template.setKeySerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
template.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
template.setHashKeySerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
template.setHashValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
template.afterPropertiesSet();
return template;
}
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(StringRedisTemplate.class)
public StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate(
StringRedisTemplate template = new StringRedisTemplate();
}SMSController.java
package com.lmc.controller;
import com.lmc.bean.RespBean;
import com.lmc.utils.HttpClientUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@RestController
public class SMSController {
@Autowired
StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
@RequestMapping("/send")
public RespBean sendSMS() {
String Uid = "xxxxxxxx";
String Key = "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx";
String smsMob = "xxxxxxxxx";
String sendSMSCount = "sendSMSCount:" + smsMob;
if ("2".equals(stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get(sendSMSCount))) {
return RespBean.error("今天已达到发送短信验证码上限，请明天再试");
}
//短信内容
String smsText = "欢迎使用xx系统，验证码：8888";
Map maps = new HashMap();
maps.put("Uid", Uid);
maps.put("Key", Key);
maps.put("smsMob", smsMob);
maps.put("smsText", smsText);
String result = HttpClientUtils.sendHttpPost("http://utf8.sms.webchinese.cn", maps);
int i = Integer.parseInt(result);
if (i > 0) {
if (stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get(sendSMSCount) == null) {
stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set(sendSMSCount, "1", getEndTime(), TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
} else {
String value = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get(sendSMSCount);
int times = Integer.parseInt(value) + 1;
String timesStr = String.valueOf(times);
stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set(sendSMSCount, timesStr, getEndTime(), TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
}
return RespBean.ok("发送成功");
return RespBean.ok("发送失败");
}
//获取当前时间到今天结束时间所剩余的毫秒数：
public static long getEndTime() {
//获取当前时间的毫秒数
long time = new java.util.Date().getTime();
//获取到今天结束的毫秒数
Calendar todayEnd = Calendar.getInstance();
todayEnd.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 23); // Calendar.HOUR 12小时制。HOUR_OF_DAY 24小时制
todayEnd.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 59);
todayEnd.set(Calendar.SECOND, 59);
todayEnd.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 999);
long endTime = todayEnd.getTimeInMillis();
//这里endTime-time获取的是到23：59：59：999的毫秒数。再加1才是到24点整的毫秒数
return endTime-time+1;
}HttpClientUtils.java(HttpClient工具类，可以复用)
package com.lmc.utils;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpRequestBase;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.DefaultHostnameVerifier;
import org.apache.http.conn.util.PublicSuffixMatcher;
import org.apache.http.conn.util.PublicSuffixMatcherLoader;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
public class HttpClientUtils {
private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpClientUtils.class);
// 链接相关参数
private static int socketTimeout = 15000;
private static int connectTimeout = 15000;
private static int connectionRequestTimeout = 15000;
private static RequestConfig requestConfig = null;
// 连接池相关参数
private static int connMgrMaxTotal = 100;
private static int connMgrMaxPerRoute = 50;
private static PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connMgr = null;
static {
requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(socketTimeout).setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout).setConnectionRequestTimeout(connectionRequestTimeout).build();
connMgr = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();
connMgr.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(connMgrMaxPerRoute);
connMgr.setMaxTotal(connMgrMaxTotal);
}
private static String doHttp(HttpRequestBase httpRequestBase) {
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
String responseContent = null;
try {
// 创建默认的httpClient实例.
String scheme = httpRequestBase.getURI().getScheme();
if (scheme.equalsIgnoreCase("https")) {
PublicSuffixMatcher publicSuffixMatcher = PublicSuffixMatcherLoader.load(new URL(httpRequestBase.getURI().toString()));
DefaultHostnameVerifier hostnameVerifier = new DefaultHostnameVerifier(publicSuffixMatcher);
httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLHostnameVerifier(hostnameVerifier).setConnectionManager(connMgr).build();
//httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLHostnameVerifier(hostnameVerifier).build();
} else if (scheme.equalsIgnoreCase("http")) {
httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(connMgr).build();
//httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
} else {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("url的scheme错误，必须是http或者https！ ");
}
httpRequestBase.setConfig(requestConfig);
// 执行请求
response = httpClient.execute(httpRequestBase);
// 如果这里有必要获取的是其他资料都可以在这里进行逻辑处理
responseContent = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
return responseContent;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
// 关闭连接,释放资源
if (response != null) {
// EntityUtils.consume(response.getEntity());
response.close();
}
// 这里不能关闭httpClient，这个会关链接池
//if (httpClient != null) {
// httpClient.close();
//}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return responseContent;
public static String sendHttpGet(String url) {
return doHttp(new HttpGet(url));
* sendHttpGet()
* @param param key1=value1&key2=value2&key3=value3
public static String sendHttpGet(String url, String param) {
// 创建httpGet
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url + '?' + param);
return doHttp(httpGet);
* sendHttpPost()
public static String sendHttpPost(String url, String param) {
// 创建httpPost
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(param, "UTF-8");
stringEntity.setContentType("application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);
return doHttp(httpPost);
* sendHttpGet
* @param param 是个map<String, String>
public static String sendHttpGet(String url, Map<String, String> param) {
String paramStr = "";
for (String key : param.keySet()) {
String tmp = "";
tmp = "&" + key + "=" + param.get(key);
paramStr += tmp;
paramStr = paramStr.substring(1);
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url + '?' + paramStr);
return doHttp(httpGet);
* sendHttpPost
* @param param 是个map<String,String>
public static String sendHttpPost(String url, Map<String, String> param) {
// 创建参数队列
List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
for (String key : param.keySet()) {
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, param.get(key)));
}
try {
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs, "UTF-8"));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return doHttp(httpPost);
public static String sendHttpPostJson(String url, String json) {
// StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(param, "UTF-8");
// stringEntity.setContentType("application/json");
// stringEntity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(json, ContentType.create("application/json", "UTF-8"));
public static void main(String[] args) {
String url = "http://api.crpay.com/payapi/gateway";
String param = "merchant_no=TOF00001&method=unified.trade.pay&version=1.0";
Map map = new HashMap<String, String>();
map.put("merchant_no", "TOF00001");
map.put("method", "unified.trade.pay");
map.put("version", "1.0");
// 这个工具是走的链接池，但是在关闭httpClient会关闭连接池的地方已经注销
//System.out.println(HttpClientUtils.sendHttpPost(url, map));
//System.out.println(HttpClientUtils.sendHttpPost(url, param));
//System.out.println(HttpClientUtils.sendHttpGet(url, map));
System.out.println(HttpClientUtils.sendHttpGet("https://www.baidu.com"));
System.out.println(HttpClientUtils.sendHttpGet("http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=aaa"));
Map map2 = new HashMap<String, String>();
map2.put("wd", "aaa");
System.out.println(HttpClientUtils.sendHttpGet("http://www.baidu.com/s",map2));
// doHttp是静态私有方法，不能使用多次，会报Connection pool shut down
System.out.println(HttpClientUtils.doHttp(new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=aaa")));
System.out.println(HttpClientUtils.doHttp(new HttpGet("https://www.baidu.com/")));
System.out.println(HttpClientUtils.sendHttpGet("https://www.cnblogs.com/hugo-zhangzhen/p/6858013.html"));
System.out.println(HttpClientUtils.sendHttpGet("https://www.cnblogs.com/hugo-zhangzhen/p/6739658.html"));
System.out.println(HttpClientUtils.sendHttpGet("https://www.cnblogs.com/hugo-zhangzhen/p/6737810.html"));
System.out.println(HttpClientUtils.sendHttpGet("http://blog.csdn.net/xiechengfa/article/details/42016153"));
}application.properties
# 配置redis
spring.redis.host=127.0.0.1
spring.redis.port=6379
spring.redis.password=123456项目结果如下：
结果展示：
使用postman调用接口，超过2次后，显示如下。
在具体项目中的流程一般如下：
①构造手机验证码，需要生成一个6位的随机数字串；
②找短信平台获取使用接口向短信平台发送手机号和验证码，然后短信平台再把验证码发送到制定手机号上；
③将手机号验证码、操作时间存入Session中，作为后面验证使用；
④接收用户填写的验证码、手机号及其他注册数据；
⑤对比提交的验证码与Session中的验证码是否一致，同时判断提交动作是否在有效期内；
⑥验证码正确且在有效期内，请求通过，处理相应的业务。
参考：
接收短信验证码条数限制（java发送短信验证码限制） - 简书
Java如何实现短信验证码功能？ - 知乎
Java 实现手机发送短信验证码 - 胖头陀春天 - 博客园
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