比较实用的JavaScript 片段有哪些,很多新手对此不是很清楚,为了帮助大家解决这个难题,下面小编将为大家详细讲解,有这方面需求的人可以来学习下,希望你能有所收获。
1.三元运算符
let someThingTrue = true if(someThingTrue){ handleTrue() }else{ handleFalse() } ****** 以下是简短版本 ****** let someThingTrue = true someThingTrue ? handleTrue() : handleFalse()
2.短路或运算
const defaultValue = "SomeDefaultValue" let someValueNotSureOfItsExistance = null let expectingSomeValue = someValueNotSureOfItsExistance || defaultValue console.log(expectingSomeValue) // SomeDefaultValue
3. 条件成立
let someValue = true if (someValue) { console.log('条件成立!') }
4. for 循环
for (let i = 0; i < 1e2; i++) { // 代替 i<100 是不是有点酷 } let someValues = [1, 2, 4] for (let val in someValues) { console.log(val) } let obj = { 'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2', 'key3': 'value3' } for (let key in obj) { console.log(key) }
5. 值到对象的映射
let x='x',y='y' let obj = {x,y} console.log(obj) // {x: "x", y: "y"}
6. Object.entries()
const credits = { producer: '大迁世界', name: '前端小智', rating: 9 } const arr = Object.entries(credits) console.log(arr) *** 输出 *** [ [ 'producer', '大迁世界' ], [ 'name', '前端小智' ], [ 'rating', 9 ] ]
7. Object.values()
const credits = { producer: '大迁世界', name: '前端小智', rating: 9 } const arr = Object.values(credits) console.log(arr) *** 输出 *** [ '大迁世界', '前端小智', 9 ]
8. 模板字面量
let name = '前端小智' let age = 20 var someStringConcatenateSomeVariable = `我是 ${name},今年 ${age} 岁` console.log(someStringConcatenateSomeVariable)
9. 解构赋值
import { observable, action, runInAction } from 'mobx';
10.多行字符串
let multiLineString = `some string\n with multi-line of\n characters\n` console.log(multiLineString)
11.Array.find 简写
const pets = [{ type: 'Dog', name: 'Max' }, { type: 'Cat', name: 'Karl' }, { type: 'Dog', name: 'Tommy' } ] pet = pets.find(pet => pet.type === 'Dog' && pet.name === 'Tommy') console.log(pet) // { type: 'Dog', name: 'Tommy' }
12.默认参数值
早期的做法
function area(h, w) { if (!h) { h = 1; } if (!w) { w = 1; } return h * w }
ES6 以后的做法
function area(h = 1, w = 1) { return h * w }
13.箭头函数的简写
let sayHello = (name) => { return `你好,${name}` } console.log(sayHello('前端小智'))
简写如下:
let sayHello = name => `你好,${name}` console.log(sayHello('前端小智'))
14.隐式返回
let someFuncThatReturnSomeValue = (value) => { return value + value } console.log( someFuncThatReturnSomeValue('前端小智'))
简写如下:
let someFuncThatReturnSomeValue = (value) => ( value + value ) console.log(someFuncThatReturnSomeValue('前端小智'))
15.函数必须有参数值
function mustHavePatamMethod(param) { if (param === undefined) { throw new Error('Hey You must Put some param!'); } return param; }
以像这样重写:
mustHaveCheck = () => { throw new Error('Missing parameter!') } methodShoudHaveParam = (param = mustHaveCheck()) => { return param }
16.charAt() 简写
'SampleString'.charAt(0) // S // 简写 'SampleString'[0]
17.有条件的函数调用
function fn1() { console.log('I am Function 1') } function fn2() { console.log('I am Function 2') } let checkValue = 3; if (checkValue === 3) { fn1() } else { fn2() }
简短的写法:
(checkValue === 3 ? fn1 : fn2)()
17.Math.Floor 简写
let val = '123.95' console.log(Math.floor(val)) // 常规写法 console.log(~~val) // 简写
18.Math.pow 简写
Math.pow(2, 3) // 8 // 简写 2 ** 3 // 8
19.将字符串转换为数字
const num1 = parseInt('100') // 简写 console.log(+"100") console.log(+"100.2")
20.&& 运算
let value = 1; if (value === 1) console.log('Value is one') //OR In short value && console.log('Value is one')
21.toString 简写
let someNumber = 123 console.log(someNumber.toString()) // "123" // 简写 console.log(`${someNumber}`) // "123"
22.可选的链运算符(即将发布)
现在有一个关于ECMAScript的新提议,值得了解。
let someUser = { name: 'Jack' } let zip = someUser?.address?.zip //可选链接,像 Swift
如果 zip是undefined ,则不会引发错误。
该语法还支持函数和构造函数调用
let address = getAddressByZip.?(12345)
如果getAddressByZip是调用它的函数,否则,表达式将以undefined的形式计算。
23. 使用对象的方式来替换 switch 语法
let fruit = 'banana'; let drink; switch (fruit) { case 'banana': drink = 'banana juice'; break; case 'papaya': drink = 'papaya juice'; break; default: drink = 'Unknown juice!' } console.log(drink) // banana juice
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