1.概念
布隆过滤器是一个高空间利用率的概率性数据结构,主要目的是节省内存空间以及判断一个元素是否存在于一个集合中(存在误判的情况),可以理解为一个不怎么精确的 set 结构,当你使用它的 contains 方法判断某个对象是否存在时,它可能会误判。但是布隆过滤器也不是特别不精确,只要参数设置的合理,它的精确度可以控制的相对足够精确,只会有小小的误判概率(控制参数:error_rate-误判率 initial_size-初始容量)
error_rate越小,越精确,需要的空间越大
initial_size越大,越精确,当实际数量超出这个数值时,误判率会上升
布隆过滤器可以判断某个数据一定不存在,但是无法判断一定存在
2.guava实现
2.1.依赖
<!--guava实现布隆过滤器-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
<artifactId>guava</artifactId>
<version>19.0</version>
</dependency>
2.2.初始化布隆过滤器
//初始化布隆过滤器,放入到spring容器里面
@Bean
public MyBloomFilter<String> initBloomFilterHelper() {
return new MyBloomFilter<>((Funnel<String>) (from, into) -> into.putString(from, Charsets.UTF_8).putString(from, Charsets.UTF_8)
, 1000000, 0.01);
}
2.3.布隆过滤器
package com.qin.redis.bloomfilter;
import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
import com.google.common.hash.Funnel;
import com.google.common.hash.Hashing;
public class MyBloomFilter<T> {
private int numHashFunctions;
private int bitSize;
private Funnel<T> funnel;
public MyBloomFilter(Funnel<T> funnel, int expectedInsertions, double fpp) {
Preconditions.checkArgument(funnel != null, "funnel不能为空");
this.funnel = funnel;
// 计算bit数组长度
bitSize = optimalNumOfBits(expectedInsertions, fpp);
// 计算hash方法执行次数
numHashFunctions = optimalNumOfHashFunctions(expectedInsertions, bitSize);
}
public int[] murmurHashOffset(T value) {
int[] offset = new int[numHashFunctions];
long hash64 = Hashing.murmur3_128().hashObject(value, funnel).asLong();
int hash1 = (int) hash64;
int hash2 = (int) (hash64 >>> 32);
for (int i = 1; i <= numHashFunctions; i++) {
int nextHash = hash1 + i * hash2;
if (nextHash < 0) {
nextHash = ~nextHash;
}
offset[i - 1] = nextHash % bitSize;
}
return offset;
}
private int optimalNumOfBits(long n, double p) {
if (p == 0) {
// 设定最小期望长度
p = Double.MIN_VALUE;
}
int sizeOfBitArray = (int) (-n * Math.log(p) / (Math.log(2) * Math.log(2)));
return sizeOfBitArray;
}
private static int optimalNumOfHashFunctions(long n, long m) {
int countOfHash = Math.max(1, (int) Math.round((double) m / n * Math.log(2)));
return countOfHash;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(optimalNumOfHashFunctions(1000000000L, 123450000L));
}
}
2.4.添加元素或者判断是否存在
package com.qin.redis.bloomfilter.service;
import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
import com.hikvison.aksk.redis.bloomfilter.MyBloomFilter;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class RedisBloomFilterService {
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
public <T> void addByBloomFilter(MyBloomFilter<T> bloomFilterHelper, String key, T value) {
Preconditions.checkArgument(bloomFilterHelper != null, "myBloomFilter不能为空");
int[] offset = bloomFilterHelper.murmurHashOffset(value);
for (int i : offset) {
System.out.println("key : " + key + " " + "value : " + i);
redisTemplate.opsForValue().setBit(key, i, true);
}
}
public <T> boolean includeByBloomFilter(MyBloomFilter<T> bloomFilterHelper, String key, T value) {
Preconditions.checkArgument(bloomFilterHelper != null, "myBloomFilter不能为空");
int[] offset = bloomFilterHelper.murmurHashOffset(value);
for (int i : offset) {
System.out.println("key : " + key + " " + "value : " + i);
if (!redisTemplate.opsForValue().getBit(key, i)) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
}
3.Redisson实现
3.1.依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.redisson</groupId>
<artifactId>redisson</artifactId>
<version>2.7.0</version>
</dependency>
3.2.注入或测试
//单机模式:可以设置集群、哨兵模式
@Bean
public Redisson redisson() {
Config config = new Config();
config.useSingleServer().setAddress("redis://127.0.0.1:6379");
RedissonClient redissonClient = Redisson.create(config);
//初始化过滤器
RBloomFilter<Object> bloomFilter = redissonClient.getBloomFilter("testBloomFilter");
bloomFilter.tryInit(1000000L,0.05);
//插入元素
bloomFilter.add("zhangsan");
bloomFilter.add("lisi");
//判断元素是否存在
boolean flag = bloomFilter.contains("lisi");
return (Redisson) redissonClient;
}
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