本篇内容主要讲解“SQL导入和导出Excel数据的语句”，感兴趣的朋友不妨来看看。本文介绍的方法操作简单快捷，实用性强。下面就让小编来带大家学习“SQL导入和导出Excel数据的语句”吧!
--从Excel文件中,导入数据到SQL数据库中,很简单,直接用下面的语句: --如果接受数据导入的表已经存在 insert into 表 select * from OPENROWSET('MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0' ,'Excel 5.0;HDR=YES;DATABASE=c:\test.xls',sheet1$) --如果导入数据并生成表 select * into 表 from OPENROWSET('MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0' ,'Excel 5.0;HDR=YES;DATABASE=c:\test.xls',sheet1$) --如果从SQL数据库中,导出数据到Excel,如果Excel文件已经存在,而且已经按照要接收的数据创建好表头,就可以简单的用: insert into OPENROWSET('MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0' ,'Excel 5.0;HDR=YES;DATABASE=c:\test.xls',sheet1$) select * from 表 --如果Excel文件不存在,也可以用BCP来导成类Excel的文件,注意大小写: --导出表的情况 EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp 数据库名.dbo.表名 out "c:\test.xls" /c -/S"服务器名" /U"用户名" -P"密码"' --导出查询的情况 EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp "SELECT au_fname, au_lname FROM pubs..authors ORDER BY au_lname" queryout "c:\test.xls" /c -/S"服务器名" /U"用户名" -P"密码"' --下面是导出真正Excel文件的方法: if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(N'[dbo].[p_exporttb]') and OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsProcedure') = 1) drop procedure [dbo].[p_exporttb] GO create proc p_exporttb @tbname sysname, --要导出的表名 @path nvarchar(1000), --文件存放目录 @fname nvarchar(250)='' --文件名,默认为表名 as declare @err int,@src nvarchar(255),@desc nvarchar(255),@out int declare @obj int,@constr nvarchar(1000),@sql varchar(8000),@fdlist varchar(8000) --参数检测 if isnull(@fname,'')='' set @fname=@tbname+'.xls' --检查文件是否已经存在 if right(@path,1)<>'\' set @path=@path+'\' create table #tb(a bit,b bit,c bit) set @sql=@path+@fname insert into #tb exec master..xp_fileexist @sql --数据库创建语句 set @sql=@path+@fname if exists(select 1 from #tb where a=1) set @constr='DRIVER={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls)};DSN='''';READONLY=FALSE' +';CREATE_DB="'+@sql+'";DBQ='+@sql else set @constr='Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Extended Properties="Excel 8.0;HDR=YES' +';DATABASE='+@sql+'"' --连接数据库 exec @err=sp_oacreate 'adodb.connection',@obj out if @err<>0 goto lberr exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'open',null,@constr if @err<>0 goto lberr --创建表的SQL select @sql='',@fdlist='' select @fdlist=@fdlist+',['+a.name+']' ,@sql=@sql+',['+a.name+'] ' +case when b.name like '%char' then case when a.length>255 then 'memo' else 'text('+cast(a.length as varchar)+')' end when b.name like '%int' or b.name='bit' then 'int' when b.name like '%datetime' then 'datetime' when b.name like '%money' then 'money' when b.name like '%text' then 'memo' else b.name end FROM syscolumns a left join systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertype where b.name not in('image','uniqueidentifier','sql_variant','varbinary','binary','timestamp') and object_id(@tbname)=id select @sql='create table ['+@tbname +']('+substring(@sql,2,8000)+')' ,@fdlist=substring(@fdlist,2,8000) exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'execute',@out out,@sql if @err<>0 goto lberr exec @err=sp_oadestroy @obj --导入数据 set @sql='openrowset(''MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0'',''Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1 ;DATABASE='+@path+@fname+''',['+@tbname+'$])' exec('insert into '+@sql+'('+@fdlist+') select '+@fdlist+' from '+@tbname) return lberr: exec sp_oageterrorinfo 0,@src out,@desc out lbexit: select cast(@err as varbinary(4)) as 错误号 ,@src as 错误源,@desc as 错误描述 select @sql,@constr,@fdlist go if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(N'[dbo].[p_exporttb]') and OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsProcedure') = 1) drop procedure [dbo].[p_exporttb] GO create proc p_exporttb @sqlstr varchar(8000), --查询语句,如果查询语句中使用了order by ,请加上top 100 percent @path nvarchar(1000), --文件存放目录 @fname nvarchar(250), --文件名 @sheetname varchar(250)='' --要创建的工作表名,默认为文件名 as declare @err int,@src nvarchar(255),@desc nvarchar(255),@out int declare @obj int,@constr nvarchar(1000),@sql varchar(8000),@fdlist varchar(8000) --参数检测 if isnull(@fname,'')='' set @fname='temp.xls' if isnull(@sheetname,'')='' set @sheetname=replace(@fname,'.','#') --检查文件是否已经存在 if right(@path,1)<>'\' set @path=@path+'\' create table #tb(a bit,b bit,c bit) set @sql=@path+@fname insert into #tb exec master..xp_fileexist @sql --数据库创建语句 set @sql=@path+@fname if exists(select 1 from #tb where a=1) set @constr='DRIVER={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls)};DSN='''';READONLY=FALSE' +';CREATE_DB="'+@sql+'";DBQ='+@sql else set @constr='Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Extended Properties="Excel 8.0;HDR=YES' +';DATABASE='+@sql+'"' --连接数据库 exec @err=sp_oacreate 'adodb.connection',@obj out if @err<>0 goto lberr exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'open',null,@constr if @err<>0 goto lberr --创建表的SQL declare @tbname sysname set @tbname='##tmp_'+convert(varchar(38),newid()) set @sql='select * into ['+@tbname+'] from('+@sqlstr+') a' exec(@sql) select @sql='',@fdlist='' select @fdlist=@fdlist+',['+a.name+']' ,@sql=@sql+',['+a.name+'] ' +case when b.name like '%char' then case when a.length>255 then 'memo' else 'text('+cast(a.length as varchar)+')' end when b.name like '%int' or b.name='bit' then 'int' when b.name like '%datetime' then 'datetime' when b.name like '%money' then 'money' when b.name like '%text' then 'memo' else b.name end FROM tempdb..syscolumns a left join tempdb..systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertype where b.name not in('image','uniqueidentifier','sql_variant','varbinary','binary','timestamp') and a.id=(select id from tempdb..sysobjects where name=@tbname) if @@rowcount=0 return select @sql='create table ['+@sheetname +']('+substring(@sql,2,8000)+')' ,@fdlist=substring(@fdlist,2,8000) exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'execute',@out out,@sql if @err<>0 goto lberr exec @err=sp_oadestroy @obj --导入数据 set @sql='openrowset(''MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0'',''Excel 8.0;HDR=YES ;DATABASE='+@path+@fname+''',['+@sheetname+'$])' exec('insert into '+@sql+'('+@fdlist+') select '+@fdlist+' from ['+@tbname+']') set @sql='drop table ['+@tbname+']' exec(@sql) return lberr: exec sp_oageterrorinfo 0,@src out,@desc out lbexit: select cast(@err as varbinary(4)) as 错误号 ,@src as 错误源,@desc as 错误描述 select @sql,@constr,@fdlist go declare @tbname sysname--要导出的表名,注意只能是表名/视图名 declare @path nvarchar(1000)--文件存放目录 declare @fname nvarchar(250)--文件名,默认为表名 set @tbname='salaryreports' set @path='e:\' set @fname='salaryreportsxls' declare @err int,@src nvarchar(255),@desc nvarchar(255),@out int declare @obj int,@constr nvarchar(1000),@sql varchar(8000),@fdlist varchar(8000) --参数检测 if isnull(@fname,'')='' set @fname=@tbname+'.xls' --drop table #tb --检查文件是否已经存在 if right(@path,1)<>'\' set @path=@path+'\' create table #tb(a bit,b bit,c bit) set @sql=@path+@fname insert into #tb exec master..xp_fileexist @sql --select * from #tb --数据库创建语句 set @sql=@path+@fname if exists(select 1 from #tb where a=1) set @constr='DRIVER={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls)};DSN='''';READONLY=FALSE' +';CREATE_DB="'+@sql+'";DBQ='+@sql else set @constr='Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Extended Properties="Excel 5.0;HDR=YES' +';DATABASE='+@sql+'"' --连接数据库 exec @err=sp_oacreate 'adodb.connection',@obj out if @err<>0 goto lberr exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'open',null,@constr if @err<>0 goto lberr --创建表的SQL select @sql='',@fdlist='' select @fdlist=@fdlist+','+a.name ,@sql=@sql+',['+a.name+'] ' +case when b.name in('char','nchar','varchar','nvarchar') then 'text('+cast(case when a.length>255 then 255 else a.length end as varchar)+')' when b.name in('tynyint','int','bigint','tinyint') then 'int' when b.name in('smalldatetime','datetime') then 'datetime' when b.name in('money','smallmoney') then 'money' else b.name end FROM syscolumns a left join systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertype where b.name not in('image','text','uniqueidentifier','sql_variant','ntext','varbinary','binary','timestamp') and object_id(@tbname)=id select @sql='create table ['+@tbname +']('+substring(@sql,2,8000)+')' ,@fdlist=substring(@fdlist,2,8000) exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'execute',@out out,@sql if @err<>0 goto lberr exec @err=sp_oadestroy @obj --导入数据 set @sql='openrowset(''MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0'',''Excel 5.0;HDR=YES ;DATABASE='+@path+@fname+''',['+@tbname+'$])' exec('insert into '+@sql+'('+@fdlist+') select '+@fdlist+' from '+@tbname) return lberr: exec sp_oageterrorinfo 0,@src out,@desc out lbexit: select cast(@err as varbinary(4)) as 错误号 ,@src as 错误源,@desc as 错误描述 select @sql,@constr,@fdlist到此，相信大家对“SQL导入和导出Excel数据的语句”有了更深的了解，不妨来实际操作一番吧！这里是亿速云网站，更多相关内容可以进入相关频道进行查询，关注我们，继续学习！
