一.主从复制的工作过程:
二.MySQL复制类型
基于SQL语句的复制
基于行的复制
混合复制
三.实验环境
OS:CentOS 6.5 x64
master:192.168.0.134
slave:192.168.0.135
三.配置主从复制
1.配置时间同步
master:配置为时间服务器
[root@master ~]# yum install ntp -y
编辑/etc/ntp.conf 添加如下两行:
server 127.127.1.0
fudge 127.127.1.0 stratm 8
service ntpd start
slave:同步master时间
[root@slave ~]# yum install ntpdate -y
[root@slave ~]# ntpdate 192.168.0.134
6 May 06:37:58 ntpdate[6653]: adjust time server 192.168.0.134 offset -0.469705 sec
2.安装MySQL
slave 和 master:
[root@master ~]# yum install mysql-server mysql -y
[root@master ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start
[root@master ~]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@master ~]# mysqladmin -u root password "123.com"
3.编辑配置文件
master:
编辑/etc/my.conf添加如下几行
server-id=134 #设置id,主从不同
log-bin=master-bin #开启二进制日志
log-slave-update=true
重启MySQL服务
[root@smaster~]# service mysqld restart
slave:
编辑/etc/my.conf添加如下几行
server-id=135
relay-log=relay-log-bin
relay-log-index=slave-relay-bin.index
read-only=1 #这里可以设置mysql为仅读,不对root生效
重启MySQL服务
[root@slave ~]# service mysqld restart
3.登录mysql,给slave授权
master:
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'slave'@'192.168.0.%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master status;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| master-bin.000001 | 181 | | |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
# File:日志名 Position:偏移量
4.登录MySQL,配置同步
slave:
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.0.134',master_user='slave',master_password='123456',master_log_file='master-bin.000001',master_log_pos=181;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.0.134
Master_User: slave
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 181
Relay_Log_File: relay-log-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 252
Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 181
Relay_Log_Space: 405
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
#查看同步状态Slave_IO和Slave_SQL是YES说明主从同步成功。
四.测试
1.在master上面新建一个数据库
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| test |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> create database guoxh charset 'utf8';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| guoxh |
| mysql |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
2.在slave上面查看数据库
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| guoxh |
| mysql |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
#在slave上面可以看到刚才新建的数据库,则说明主从复制配置成功。