Android编写简易文件管理模块

最近在做一个将word文档导入到SQLite的程序。对于文件选择问题，经过再三考虑决定写一个简易的文件管理模块，用来选择需要导入的文件文件

先看下效果图:

思路:

获取存储器接口
遍历当前目录
利用ListView显示文件文件夹

先是布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="match_parent"
 android:orientation="vertical">
 <HorizontalScrollView
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 android:scrollbars="none">
 <LinearLayout
 android:layout_width="wrap_content"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 android:orientation="horizontal"
 android:id="@+id/lyPath">
 <TextView
 android:layout_width="wrap_content"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 android:textAppearance="?android:textAppearance"
 android:text="@string/txt_path_now"/>
 <TextView
 android:layout_width="wrap_content"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 android:textAppearance="?android:textAppearance"
 android:text="mnt/sdcard"
 android:id="@+id/txtPath"/>
 </LinearLayout>
 </HorizontalScrollView>
 <View
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="1dp"
 android:background="@android:color/darker_gray"/>
 <LinearLayout
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="0dp"
 android:layout_weight="1">
 <ListView
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="match_parent"
 android:id="@+id/folderList"/>
 </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

用于加载文件的Item布局

list_file_style.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 android:orientation="vertical">
 <LinearLayout
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 android:orientation="horizontal"
 android:scaleY="0.9">
 <CheckBox
 android:layout_width="wrap_content"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 android:focusable = "false"
 android:focusableInTouchMode="false"
 android:id="@+id/cbSelect"/>
 <ImageView
 android:layout_width="wrap_content"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 android:id="@+id/img"
 android:src="@mipmap/other"
 tools:ignore="ContentDescription" />
 <LinearLayout
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 android:orientation="vertical">
 <TextView
 android:layout_width="wrap_content"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 android:textAppearance="?android:textAppearance"
 android:id="@+id/name"
 android:text="setting"/>
 <LinearLayout
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="match_parent"
 android:orientation="horizontal">
 <TextView
  android:layout_width="wrap_content"
  android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  android:id="@+id/time"
  android:text="2017-3-30 21:40:02"/>
 <View
  android:layout_width="20dp"
  android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
 <TextView
  android:layout_width="wrap_content"
  android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  android:id="@+id/size"
  android:text="1.2Mb"/>
 </LinearLayout>
 </LinearLayout>
 </LinearLayout>
 <View
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="1dp"
 android:background="@android:color/darker_gray"/>
</LinearLayout>

自定义类

为了更好的将数据绑定到ListView上我选择自定义BaseAdapter类

package czhy.grey.sun.exam.bin.adapter_;
import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.CheckBox;
import java.io.File;
import java.text.DecimalFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import czhy.grey.sun.exam.R;
import czhy.grey.sun.exam.bin.holder_.FileHolder;
public class FileAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
 private ArrayList<File> list;
 private LayoutInflater inflater;
 private boolean isRoot;
 // 用来控制CheckBox的选中状况
 private HashMap<Integer, Boolean> isSelected;
 private int selectNum;
 public FileAdapter(Context context, ArrayList<File> list,boolean isRoot) {
 this.list = list;
 this.isRoot = isRoot;
 inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
 isSelected = new HashMap<>();
 // 初始化数据
 initDate();
 }
 @Override
 public int getCount() {
 return list.size();
 }
 @Override
 public File getItem(int position) {
 return list.get(position);
 }
 @Override
 public long getItemId(int position) {
 return position;
 }
 @Override
 public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
 FileHolder holder;
 File file = getItem(position);
 if (convertView == null) {
 convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.list_file_style, parent, false);
 holder = new FileHolder(convertView);
 convertView.setTag(holder);
 } else {
 holder = (FileHolder) convertView.getTag();
 }
 // TODO: 2017/4/1 根目录UI优化
 if (!isRoot && position == 0) {
 holder.setName("返回上一层", file.isDirectory(),isSelectedFor(position));
 holder.setId(position,isSelectedFor(position),new View.OnClickListener() {
 @Override
 public void onClick(View v) {
  int position = (int) v.getTag();
  boolean b = !isSelected.get(position);
  isSelected.put(position, b);
  ((CheckBox) v).setChecked(b);
  //全选或全取消操作
  for(int i=0;i< getCount();i++){
  setChecked(i,b);
  }
  selectNum = b?getCount():0;
  notifyDataSetChanged();
 }
 });
 holder.setTime("全选");
 holder.setSize("已选择"+selectNum+"项");
 } else {
 holder.setName(file.getName(), file.isDirectory(),isSelectedFor(position));
 holder.setId(position,isSelectedFor(position),new View.OnClickListener() {
 @Override
 public void onClick(View v) {
  int position = (int) v.getTag();
  boolean b = !isSelectedFor(position);
  isSelected.put(position, b);
  ((CheckBox) v).setChecked(b);
  //是否已经全选
  if(isSelectedAll()) {
  isSelected.put(0, true);
  selectNum = getCount();
  }else {
  isSelected.put(0, false);
  selectNum = b?selectNum+1:selectNum-1;
  }
  notifyDataSetChanged();
 }
 });
 holder.setTime(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy/mm/hh/dd hh:mm:ss").format(file.lastModified()));
 if (file.isFile())
 holder.setSize(fileLength(file.length()));
 else {
 holder.setSize("");
 }
 }
 return convertView;
 }
 public boolean isSelectedFor(int id) {
 return isSelected.get(id);
 }
 public int getSelectNum() {
 return selectNum;
 }
 //私有函数
 
 private void initDate() {
 selectNum = 0;
 for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
 isSelected.put(i, false);
 }
 }
 private void setChecked(int id,boolean isChecked) {
 isSelected.put(id,isChecked);
 }
 private String fileLength(long length) {
 String size;
 if (length > 1024 * 1024)
 size = new DecimalFormat("#.00").format(length / (1024.0 * 1024.0)) + "MB";
 else if (length > 1024)
 size = new DecimalFormat("#.00").format(length / 1024.0) + "KB";
 else
 size = length + "B";
 return size;
 }
 private boolean isSelectedAll(){
 for(int i=1;i< getCount();i++){
 if(!isSelectedFor(i))
 return false;
 }
 return true;
 }
}

以及用于布局导入的Holder

package czhy.grey.sun.exam.bin.holder_;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.CheckBox;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import czhy.grey.sun.exam.R;
public class FileHolder{
 private CheckBox cbSelect;
 private TextView name;
 private TextView time;
 private TextView size;
 private ImageView img;
 public FileHolder(View convertView) {
 cbSelect = (CheckBox)convertView.findViewById(R.id.cbSelect);
 name = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.name);
 time = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.time);
 img = (ImageView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.img);
 size = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.size);
 }
 public void setTime(String time) {
 this.time.setText(time);
 }
 public void setId(int id,boolean isSelected, View.OnClickListener listener) {
 cbSelect.setTag(id);
 cbSelect.setChecked(isSelected);
 cbSelect.setOnClickListener(listener);
 }
 public void setName(String name,boolean isDirectory,boolean isChecked) {
 this.name.setText(name);
 cbSelect.setChecked(isChecked);
 if (isDirectory) {
 if(name.equalsIgnoreCase("返回上一层")){
 img.setImageResource(R.mipmap.back);
 }else
 img.setImageResource(R.mipmap.folder);
 }else {
 String type = name.substring(name.lastIndexOf(".")+1,name.length());
 if ((type.equalsIgnoreCase("doc") || type.equalsIgnoreCase("docx") || type.equalsIgnoreCase("txt"))) {
 img.setImageResource(R.mipmap.doc_text);
 } else {
 img.setImageResource(R.mipmap.other);
 }
 }
 }
 public void setSize(String size) {
 this.size.setText(size);
 }
}

控制文件

全局变量

 private ListView folderList;
 private TextView txtPath;
 private FileAdapter fileAdapter;
 private ArrayList<File> rootFileList;
 private boolean isRootNow;

首先是获取存储器列表

 private void getRootFile(){
 rootFileList = new ArrayList<>();
 StorageManager storageManager = (StorageManager) this.getSystemService(STORAGE_SERVICE);
 try {
 //内部存储器
 File inside = null;
 //可移除存储器集合
 ArrayList<File> outside = new ArrayList<>();
 //获取存储器接口 API-24以下不支持StorageVolume接口
 //API-24开始可直接 List<StorageVolume> svList = storageManager.getStorageVolumes();
 Method getVolumeList = StorageManager.class.getMethod("getVolumeList");
 getVolumeList.setAccessible(true);
 //获取存储器列表
 Object[] invokes = (Object[]) getVolumeList.invoke(storageManager);
 if (invokes != null) {
 for (Object obj:invokes) {
  //获取存储器地址接口
  Method getPath = obj.getClass().getMethod("getPath");
  //获取存储器地址
  String path = (String) getPath.invoke(obj);
  File file = new File(path);
  if (file.canWrite()) {
  //获取存储器是否可移除接口
  Method isRemovable = obj.getClass().getMethod("isRemovable");
  //存储器是否可移除
  if((isRemovable.invoke(obj)).equals(true)){
  outside.add(file);
  }else {
  inside = file;
  }
  }
 }
 //按0-内部存储器 >0外部存储器 顺序 添加到根目录列表
 rootFileList.add(inside);
 rootFileList.addAll(outside);
 }
 } catch (NoSuchMethodException |
 IllegalArgumentException |
 IllegalAccessException |
 InvocationTargetException e1) {
 e1.printStackTrace();
 }
 }

当我们点击一个文件夹时，打开文件夹以及更新UI

 //获取目录数据
 private void refurbish(File folder) {
 txtPath.setText(folder.getPath());
 ArrayList<File> files = new ArrayList<>();
 files.add(folder.getParentFile());
 File[] folderFile = folder.listFiles();
 if (null != folderFile && folderFile.length > 0) {
 for(File file:folderFile)
 files.add(file);
 }
 //新建集合用做打开文件夹
 ArrayList<File> openedFolder = new ArrayList<>();
 //获取第一个文件夹 上一级文件夹
 openedFolder.add(files.get(0));
 //移除 上一级文件夹 剩下为当前文件夹内容
 files.remove(0);
 //排序 文件夹在前，然后按文件名排序
 Collections.sort(files, new Comparator<File>() {
 @Override
 public int compare(File f1, File f2) {
 if (f1.isDirectory()) {
  if (f2.isDirectory()) {
  return f1.getName().compareToIgnoreCase(f2.getName());
  } else {
  return -1;
  }
 } else if (f2.isDirectory()) {
  return 1;
 } else {
  return f1.getName().compareToIgnoreCase(f2.getName());
 }
 }
 });
 //将排序完毕的内容添加到目标集合 目的:解决第一个文件夹不是上一层地址问题
 openedFolder.addAll(files);
 fileAdapter = new FileAdapter(this, openedFolder,folder.getParent() == null);
 folderList.setAdapter(fileAdapter);
 isRootNow = false;
 } 

程序刚运行时需要加载存储器列表，而不是某一文件夹，所有需要额外定义一个函数

 //获取根目录数据
 private void rootFile() {
 txtPath.setText("/");
 fileAdapter = new FileAdapter(this, rootFileList,true);
 folderList.setAdapter(fileAdapter);
 isRootNow = true;
 }

因为存储器挂载点的问题，返回上一层时不会返回到存储器列表也就是/storage目录
加上有些文件夹是空或者为系统文件的安全性考虑需要对其隐藏，在获取存储器列表是已经完成了
但，如果直接让其返回上一层会出现进入不安全的目录，所以需要对其进行判断是否是返回根目录

 public boolean isRootFile(File file) {
 //经过两部不同的手机测试，这两个目录是可能的目录
 //如果不能正确返回可以自行测试
 //测试方法：输出父目录，然后在这里添加或修改即可
 return file.getParent().equalsIgnoreCase("/") || file.getParent().equalsIgnoreCase("/storage");
 }

有了以上这些，在控制文件创建是直接调用相应的函数即可

@Override
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
 setContentView(R.layout.activity_import);
 txtPath = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txtPath);
 folderList = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.folderList);
 folderList.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
 @Override
 public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
 File file = fileAdapter.getItem(position);
 //因为为的程序中不需要对文件进行其他操作，所有不做处理
 //有需求的在这里添加else即可
 if (file.isDirectory()) {
  if (isRootNow)
  refurbish(file);
  else if (isRootFile(file))
  rootFile();
  else
  refurbish(file);
 }
 }
 });
 getRootFile();
 rootFile();
 }

弄了这么多基本算是完成了，为了用户友好，我对返回键进行了重载

 
 @Override
 public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
 if ((keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK && event.getRepeatCount() == 0)) {
 if (!isRootNow) {
 File file = fileAdapter.getItem(0);
 if (isRootFile(file))
  rootFile();
 else
  refurbish(file);
 return true;
 } else {
 finish();
 }
 }
 return super.onKeyDown(keyCode, event);
 }

参考文献:

Android获取内外置存储卡的方法

android文件管理器用法详解

如何获取Android设备挂载的所有存储器

您可能感兴趣的文章:Android获取手机文件夹及文件列表的方法android文件管理器用法详解android简易文件管理器实例(列表式文件目录)