本文小编为大家详细介绍“SpringBoot怎么集成ShedLock实现分布式定时任务”，内容详细，步骤清晰，细节处理妥当，希望这篇“SpringBoot怎么集成ShedLock实现分布式定时任务”文章能帮助大家解决疑惑，下面跟着小编的思路慢慢深入，一起来学习新知识吧。
一、背景
在项目服务是集群部署的时候，代码在每个人都会有定时任务，但是如果让每个节点都去跑定时任务是不大合适的。SpringBoot 中的 ShedLock 可以很好解决这个问题，下面我将为大家详细介绍 SpringBoot 如何集成 ShedLock，而 ShedLock 又是如何实现分布式定时的。
二、ShedLock是什么
以下是ShedLock锁提供者，通过外部存储实现锁，由下图可知外部存储集成的库还是很丰富:
三、落地实现
1.1 引入依赖包
shedlock所需依赖包：
<!-- web工程依赖包 --><dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency> <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId> <artifactId>shedlock-spring</artifactId> <version>4.2.0</version></dependency> <!--每个外部存储实例所需依赖包不一样，这里是jdbc--><dependency> <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId> <artifactId>shedlock-provider-jdbc-template</artifactId> <version>4.2.0</version></dependency><dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId></dependency><dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope></dependency>依赖包树形图：
1.2 配置数据库连接信息
server:
port: 8105
spring:
datasource:
url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/testjdbc?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
username: root
password: 123456
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
type: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.MysqlDataSource
1.3 创建Mysql数据表
CREATE TABLE `shedlock` (`name` varchar(64) NOT NULL COMMENT 'name' ,`lock_until` timestamp(3) NULL DEFAULT NULL ,`locked_at` timestamp(3) NULL DEFAULT NULL ,`locked_by` varchar(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL ,PRIMARY KEY (`name`))ENGINE=InnoDBDEFAULT CHARACTER SET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ciROW_FORMAT=DYNAMIC;1.4 配置LockProvider
ShedLockConfig.java:
import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.core.LockProvider;import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.jdbctemplate.JdbcTemplateLockProvider;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import javax.annotation.Resource;import javax.sql.DataSource;@Componentpublic class ShedLockConfig { @Resource private DataSource dataSource; @Bean private LockProvider lockProvider() { return new JdbcTemplateLockProvider(dataSource); }}springboot主启动类MerakQuartzApplication：
import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.spring.annotation.EnableSchedulerLock;import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.SecurityAutoConfiguration;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskScheduler;import java.util.concurrent.Executor;import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;// 开启定时器@EnableScheduling// 开启定时任务锁，指定一个默认的锁的时间30秒@EnableSchedulerLock(defaultLockAtMostFor = "PT30S")@EnableAsync@MapperScan(basePackages = {"com.merak.hyper.automation.persist.**.mapper"})@SpringBootApplication(scanBasePackages = {"com.merak.hyper.automation.**"}, exclude = {SecurityAutoConfiguration.class})public class MerakQuartzApplication { public static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MerakQuartzApplication.class); public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(MerakQuartzApplication.class, args); } private int taskSchedulerCorePoolSize = 15; private int awaitTerminationSeconds = 60; private String threadNamePrefix = "taskExecutor-"; @Bean public ThreadPoolTaskScheduler threadPoolTaskScheduler() { ThreadPoolTaskScheduler taskScheduler = new ThreadPoolTaskScheduler(); taskScheduler.setPoolSize(taskSchedulerCorePoolSize); taskScheduler.setThreadNamePrefix(threadNamePrefix); taskScheduler.setWaitForTasksToCompleteOnShutdown(false); taskScheduler.setAwaitTerminationSeconds(awaitTerminationSeconds); taskScheduler.initialize();// isinitialized = true; log.info("初始化ThreadPoolTaskScheduler ThreadNamePrefix=" + threadNamePrefix + ",PoolSize=" + taskSchedulerCorePoolSize + ",awaitTerminationSeconds=" + awaitTerminationSeconds); return taskScheduler; } @Bean("asyncTaskExecutor") public Executor taskExecutor() { ThreadPoolTaskExecutor taskExecutor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor(); taskExecutor.setCorePoolSize(5); taskExecutor.setMaxPoolSize(50); taskExecutor.setQueueCapacity(200); taskExecutor.setKeepAliveSeconds(60); taskExecutor.setThreadNamePrefix("asyncTaskExecutor-"); taskExecutor.setWaitForTasksToCompleteOnShutdown(true); taskExecutor.setAwaitTerminationSeconds(60); //修改拒绝策略为使用当前线程执行 taskExecutor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy()); //初始化线程池 taskExecutor.initialize(); return taskExecutor; }}1.5 创建定时Job
DigitalEmpTask：
package com.merak.hyper.automation.quartz.task;import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.spring.annotation.SchedulerLock;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import java.util.List;@Componentpublic class DigitalEmpTask { public static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DigitalEmpTask.class); @Scheduled(cron = "0/30 * * * * ?") @SchedulerLock(name = "digitalEmpTaskScheduler", lockAtMostFor = "PT25S", lockAtLeastFor = "PT25S") protected void digitalEmpTaskScheduler() { log.info("云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:" + DateUtils.dateTimeNow(DateUtils.YYYY_MM_DD_HH_MM_SS)); try { } catch (Exception e) { log.error("云执行调度中心1调度失败，原因：" + e.getMessage()); } }}四、结果分析
分别启动两个服务节点，配置如下：
server:
port: 12105
servlet:
context-path: /automation-quartz-oneserver:
port: 12106
servlet:
context-path: /automation-quartz-two
运行日志(片断）
节点automation-quartz-one 运行日志：
2023-02-22 12:01:00.143 [taskExecutor-1] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:01:00
2023-02-22 12:05:00.114 [taskExecutor-3] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:05:00
2023-02-22 12:05:30.122 [taskExecutor-6] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:05:30
2023-02-22 12:19:30.110 [taskExecutor-3] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:19:30节点automation-quartz-two运行日志：
2023-02-22 12:01:30.109 [taskExecutor-3] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:01:30
2023-02-22 12:02:00.101 [taskExecutor-1] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:02:00
2023-02-22 12:02:30.105 [taskExecutor-2] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:02:30
2023-02-22 12:03:00.118 [taskExecutor-3] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:03:00
2023-02-22 12:03:30.101 [taskExecutor-4] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:03:30
2023-02-22 12:04:00.110 [taskExecutor-1] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:04:00
2023-02-22 12:04:30.111 [taskExecutor-5] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:04:30
2023-02-22 12:06:00.114 [taskExecutor-13] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:06:00
2023-02-22 12:06:30.108 [taskExecutor-14] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:06:30
2023-02-22 12:07:00.114 [taskExecutor-15] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:07:00
2023-02-22 12:07:30.115 [taskExecutor-1] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:07:30
2023-02-22 12:08:00.102 [taskExecutor-5] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:08:00
2023-02-22 12:08:30.103 [taskExecutor-11] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:08:30
2023-02-22 12:09:00.099 [taskExecutor-6] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:09:00
2023-02-22 12:09:30.113 [taskExecutor-3] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:09:30
2023-02-22 12:10:00.107 [taskExecutor-7] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:10:00
2023-02-22 12:10:30.110 [taskExecutor-15] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:10:30
2023-02-22 12:11:00.111 [taskExecutor-1] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:11:00
2023-02-22 12:11:30.100 [taskExecutor-5] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:11:30
2023-02-22 12:12:00.112 [taskExecutor-11] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:12:00
2023-02-22 12:12:30.102 [taskExecutor-6] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:12:30
2023-02-22 12:13:00.097 [taskExecutor-3] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:13:00
2023-02-22 12:13:30.107 [taskExecutor-14] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:13:30
2023-02-22 12:14:00.111 [taskExecutor-4] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:14:00
2023-02-22 12:14:30.106 [taskExecutor-8] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:14:30
2023-02-22 12:15:00.095 [taskExecutor-9] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:15:00
2023-02-22 12:15:30.101 [taskExecutor-10] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:15:30
2023-02-22 12:16:00.105 [taskExecutor-2] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:16:00
2023-02-22 12:16:30.130 [taskExecutor-12] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:16:30
2023-02-22 12:17:00.107 [taskExecutor-13] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:17:00
2023-02-22 12:17:30.113 [taskExecutor-7] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:17:30
2023-02-22 12:18:00.104 [taskExecutor-15] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:18:00
2023-02-22 12:18:30.112 [taskExecutor-1] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:18:30
2023-02-22 12:19:00.103 [taskExecutor-5] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:19:00
shedlock表记录信息：
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