本节我们将实现，用户上传图片，并将该图片在浏览器中显示出来。
这里我们要用到的外部模块是Felix Geisendörfer开发的node-formidable模块。它对解析上传的文件数据做了很好的抽象。
要安装这个外部模块，需在cmd下执行命令：
npm install formidable如果输出类似的信息就代表安装成功了：
npm info build Success: formidable@1.0.14安装成功后我们用request将其引入即可：
var formidable = require(“formidable”);这里该模块做的就是将通过HTTP POST请求提交的表单，在Node.js中可以被解析。我们要做的就是创建一个新的IncomingForm，它是对提交表单的抽象表示，之后，就可以用它解析request对象，获取表单中需要的数据字段。
本文案例的图片文件存储在 /tmp文件夹中。
我们先来解决一个问题：如何才能在浏览器中显示保存在本地硬盘中的文件？
我们使用fs模块来将文件读取到服务器中。
我们来添加/showURL的请求处理程序，该处理程序直接硬编码将文件/tmp/test.png内容展示到浏览器中。当然了，首先需要将该图片保存到这个位置才行。
我们队requestHandlers.js进行一些修改：
var querystring = require("querystring"),
fs = require("fs");
function start(response, postData) {
console.log("Request handler 'start' was called.");
var body = '<html>'+
'<head>'+
'<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" '+
'content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />'+
'</head>'+
'<body>'+
'<form action="/upload" method="post">'+
'<textarea name="text" rows="20" cols="60"></textarea>'+
'<input type="submit" value="Submit text" />'+
'</form>'+
'</body>'+
'</html>';
response.writeHead(200, {"Content-Type": "text/html"});
response.write(body);
response.end();
}
function upload(response, postData) {
console.log("Request handler 'upload' was called.");
response.writeHead(200, {"Content-Type": "text/plain"});
response.write("You've sent the text: "+ querystring.parse(postData).text);
response.end();
}
function show(response, postData) {
console.log("Request handler 'show' was called.");
fs.readFile("/tmp/test.png", "binary", function(error, file) {
if(error) {
response.writeHead(500, {"Content-Type": "text/plain"});
response.write(error + "n");
response.end();
} else {
response.writeHead(200, {"Content-Type": "image/png"});
response.write(file, "binary");
response.end();
}
});
}
exports.start = start;
exports.upload = upload;
exports.show = show;我们还需要将这新的请求处理程序，添加到index.js中的路由映射表中：
var server = require("./server");
var router = require("./router");
var requestHandlers = require("./requestHandlers");
var handle = {}
handle["/"] = requestHandlers.start;
handle["/start"] = requestHandlers.start;
handle["/upload"] = requestHandlers.upload;
handle["/show"] = requestHandlers.show;
server.start(router.route, handle);重启服务器之后，通过访问http://localhost:8888/show，就可以看到保存在/tmp/test.png的图片了。
好，最后我们要的就是：
在/start表单中添加一个文件上传元素
将node-formidable整合到我们的upload请求处理程序中，用于将上传的图片保存到/tmp/test.png
将上传的图片内嵌到/uploadURL输出的HTML中
第一项很简单。只需要在HTML表单中，添加一个multipart/form-data的编码类型，移除此前的文本区，添加一个文件上传组件，并将提交按钮的文案改为“Upload file”即可。 如下requestHandler.js所示：
var querystring = require("querystring"),
fs = require("fs");
function start(response, postData) {
console.log("Request handler 'start' was called.");
var body = '<html>'+
'<head>'+
'<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" '+
'content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />'+
'</head>'+
'<body>'+
'<form action="/upload" enctype="multipart/form-data" '+
'method="post">'+
'<input type="file" name="upload">'+
'<input type="submit" value="Upload file" />'+
'</form>'+
'</body>'+
'</html>';
response.writeHead(200, {"Content-Type": "text/html"});
response.write(body);
response.end();
}
function upload(response, postData) {
console.log("Request handler 'upload' was called.");
response.writeHead(200, {"Content-Type": "text/plain"});
response.write("You've sent the text: "+ querystring.parse(postData).text);
response.end();
}
function show(response, postData) {
console.log("Request handler 'show' was called.");
fs.readFile("/tmp/test.png", "binary", function(error, file) {
if(error) {
response.writeHead(500, {"Content-Type": "text/plain"});
response.write(error + "n");
response.end();
} else {
response.writeHead(200, {"Content-Type": "image/png"});
response.write(file, "binary");
response.end();
}
});
}
exports.start = start;
exports.upload = upload;
exports.show = show;接下来，我们要完成第二步，我们从server.js开始 —— 移除对postData的处理以及request.setEncoding （这部分node-formidable自身会处理），转而采用将request对象传递给请求路由的方式：
var http = require("http");
var url = require("url");
function start(route, handle) {
function onRequest(request, response) {
var pathname = url.parse(request.url).pathname;
console.log("Request for " + pathname + " received.");
route(handle, pathname, response, request);
}
http.createServer(onRequest).listen(8888);
console.log("Server has started.");
}
exports.start = start;接下来修改router.js，这次要传递request对象：
function route(handle, pathname, response, request) {
console.log("About to route a request for " + pathname);
if (typeof handle[pathname] === 'function') {
handle[pathname](response, request);
} else {
console.log("No request handler found for " + pathname);
response.writeHead(404, {"Content-Type": "text/html"});
response.write("404 Not found");
response.end();
}
}
exports.route = route;现在，request对象就可以在我们的upload请求处理程序中使用了。node-formidable会处理将上传的文件保存到本地/tmp目录中，而我们需
要做的是确保该文件保存成/tmp/test.png。
接下来，我们把处理文件上传以及重命名的操作放到一起，如下requestHandlers.js所示：
var querystring = require("querystring"),
fs = require("fs"),
formidable = require("formidable");
function start(response) {
console.log("Request handler 'start' was called.");
var body = '<html>'+
'<head>'+
'<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; '+
'charset=UTF-8" />'+
'</head>'+
'<body>'+
'<form action="/upload" enctype="multipart/form-data" '+
'method="post">'+
'<input type="file" name="upload" multiple="multiple">'+
'<input type="submit" value="Upload file" />'+
'</form>'+
'</body>'+
'</html>';
response.writeHead(200, {"Content-Type": "text/html"});
response.write(body);
response.end();
}
function upload(response, request) {
console.log("Request handler 'upload' was called.");
var form = new formidable.IncomingForm();
console.log("about to parse");
form.parse(request, function(error, fields, files) {
console.log("parsing done");
fs.renameSync(files.upload.path, "/tmp/test.png");
response.writeHead(200, {"Content-Type": "text/html"});
response.write("received image:<br/>");
response.write("<img src='/show' />");
response.end();
});
}
function show(response) {
console.log("Request handler 'show' was called.");
fs.readFile("/tmp/test.png", "binary", function(error, file) {
if(error) {
response.writeHead(500, {"Content-Type": "text/plain"});
response.write(error + "n");
response.end();
} else {
response.writeHead(200, {"Content-Type": "image/png"});
response.write(file, "binary");
response.end();
}
});
}
exports.start = start;
exports.upload = upload;
exports.show = show;做到这里，我们的服务器就全部完成了。
在执行图片上传的过程中，有的人可能会遇到这样的问题：
照成这个问题的原因我猜测是由于磁盘分区导致的，要解决这个问题就需要改变formidable的默认零时文件夹路径，保证和目标目录处于同一个磁盘分区。
我们找到requestHandlers.js的 upload函数，将它做一些修改：
function upload(response, request) {
console.log("Request handler 'upload' was called.");
var form = new formidable.IncomingForm();
console.log("about to parse");
form.uploadDir = "tmp";
form.parse(request, function(error, fields, files) {
console.log("parsing done");
fs.renameSync(files.upload.path, "/tmp/test.png");
response.writeHead(200, {"Content-Type": "text/html"});
response.write("received image:<br/>");
response.write("<img src='/show' />");
response.end();
});
}我们增加了一句 form.uploadDir = “tmp”，现在重启服务器，再执行上传操作，问题完美解决。
