Oracle执行计划突变诊断之统计信息收集问题
1. 情形描述
DB version：11.2.0.4
WITH SQL1 AS
(SELECT LAC,
CI,
TO_NUMBER(C.LONGITUDE) LONGITUDE,
TO_NUMBER(C.LATITUDE) LATITUDE
FROM MB_SYS_CELL_INFO C
WHERE C.CONTY_NAME = '道孚县'),
SQL2 AS
(SELECT DISTINCT IMSI, LAC, CI
FROM MB_BSS_USER_LOCATION
WHERE HOUR IN (16, 15, 14, 13)
AND TIME = TO_TIMESTAMP('20170621','YYYYMMDD')),
SQL3 AS
(SELECT C.LONGITUDE, C.LATITUDE,WM_CONCAT(C.SITE_NAME) SITE_NAME
FROM (SELECT DISTINCT TO_NUMBER(A.LONGITUDE)LONGITUDE,
TO_NUMBER(A.LATITUDE)LATITUDE,
A.SITE_NAME
FROM MB_SYS_CELL_INFO A
WHERE A.CONTY_NAME = '道孚县') C
GROUP BY C.LONGITUDE, C.LATITUDE)
SELECT SQL1.LONGITUDELNG,
SQL1.LATITUDE LAT,
COUNT(DISTINCT SQL2.IMSI) COUNT,
TO_CHAR(SQL3.SITE_NAME）SITE_NAME
FROM SQL1, SQL2, SQL3
WHERE SQL2.LAC = SQL1.LAC AND SQL2.CI =SQL1.CI AND SQL1.LONGITUDE = SQL3.LONGITUDE AND SQL1.LATITUDE = SQL3.LATITUDEGROUP BY SQL1.LONGITUDE, SQL1.LATITUDE, TO_CHAR(SQL3.SITE_NAME) ORDER BY COUNTDESC;最初的报错，临时表空间不足，
上述SQL为开发应用SQL, 当执行上述SQL时，通过以下命令监控临时表空间。
使用 V$TEMPSEG_USAGE 可监视空间使用情况和分配情况：
SELECTsession_num, username, segtype, blocks, tablespace
FROMV$TEMPSEG_USAGE;使用 V$SORT_SEGMENT 可确定空间真实使用率百分比：
SELECT(s.tot_used_blocks/f.total_blocks)*100 as pctused
FROM(SELECT SUM(used_blocks) tot_used_blocks
FROMV$SORT_SEGMENT
WHEREtablespace_name='TEMP') s,
(SELECTSUM(blocks) total_blocks
FROMDBA_TEMP_FILES
WHEREtablespace_name='TEMP') f;发现一条SQL能把64G的临时表空间exhaust，查看对应之行划，发现merge join cartesian
这部分无法回现了。
补：数据库为新建数据库，大量基础表为其他库同步过来的，应用表为实时入库的表（MB_BSS_USER_LOCATION），且很清晰记得当时开启了auto maintaining任务。
查看统计信息任务是否开启：
select client_name,statusfrom dba_autotask_client;2. 处理步骤
1
2
2.1 查看大表的统计信息
select table_name, partition_name,last_analyzed, STATTYPE_LOCKED fromuser_tab_statistics
where table_name = 'MB_BSS_USER_LOCATION';
STATTYPE_LOCKED VARCHAR2(5) Type ofstatistics lock:
■ DATA
■ CACHE
■ ALLlast_analyzed, STATTYPE_LOCKED分析得来，该表并没有收集过统计信息，且统计信息被锁。
查看库中其他表的统计信息。
select count(distinct table_name) fromuser_tab_statistics where stattype_locked is not null;发现还有98张表统计信息被锁定。
2.2 强制收集对应表统计信息
SQL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(ownname => 'GZ_SAFETY',tabname=>'MB_BSS_USER_LOCATION', force=>TRUE);
PL/SQL proceduresuccessfully completed再次查看执行计划。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost | Time |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 16 | 32608 | 41343 | 00:08:17 |
| 1 | SORT ORDER BY | | 16 | 32608 | 41343 | 00:08:17 |
| 2 | HASH GROUP BY | | 16 | 32608 | 41343 | 00:08:17 |
| 3 | VIEW |VM_NWVW_1 | 16 | 32608 | 41341 | 00:08:17 |
| 4 | HASH GROUP BY | | 16 | 33744 | 41341 | 00:08:17 |
| * 5 | HASH JOIN | | 16 | 33744 | 41340 | 00:08:17 |
| * 6 | HASH JOIN | | 1 | 2069 | 138 | 00:00:02 |
| * 7 | TABLE ACCESS FULL |MB_SYS_CELL_INFO | 448 | 18368 | 68 | 00:00:01 |
| 8 | VIEW | | 448 | 908544 | 70 | 00:00:01 |
| 9 | SORT GROUP BY | | 448 | 26880 | 70 | 00:00:01 |
| 10 | VIEW | | 448 | 26880 | 69 | 00:00:01 |
| 11 | HASH UNIQUE | | 448 | 22400 | 69 | 00:00:01 |
| * 12 | TABLE ACCESS FULL |MB_SYS_CELL_INFO | 448 | 22400 | 68 | 00:00:01 |
| 13 | PARTITION RANGE SINGLE | | 3237748 | 129509920 |41192 | 00:08:15 |
| 14 | PARTITION LIST INLIST | | 3237748 | 129509920 |41192 | 00:08:15 |
| * 15 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | MB_BSS_USER_LOCATION | 3237748 |129509920 | 41192 | 00:08:15 |发现笛卡尔积merge join消失，执行计划正常。
2.3 查看其他表的统计信息情况（分区表）
select table_name,partition_name, last_analyzed, stattype_locked
from user_tab_statistics wherestattype_locked is not null and object_type in ('PARTITION', 'SUBPARTITION');因为是测试环境，暂不关注这些表，先把MB_BSS_USER_LOCATION表的统计信息锁定打开。
SQL> execdbms_stats.unlock_table_stats(ownname => 'GZ_SAFETY',tabname=>'MB_BSS_USER_LOCATION');
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed, 打开后可通过user_tab_statistics.stattype_locked查看。
补：打开对应用户的统计信息。
DBMS_STATS.UNLOCK_schema_STATS(user);
