Spring声明式事务注解之@EnableTransactionManagement
1. 说明
@EnableTransactionManagement声明在主配置类上,表示开启声明式事务,其原理是通过@Import导入TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector组件,然后又通过TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector导入组件AutoProxyRegistrar和ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration;
2. 原理分析
@EnableTransactionManagement代码实现如下:
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
// 通过@Import导入TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector组件
@Import(TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector.class)
public @interface EnableTransactionManagement {
boolean proxyTargetClass() default false;
AdviceMode mode() default AdviceMode.PROXY;
int order() default Ordered.LOWEST_PRECEDENCE;
}
@EnableTransactionManagement通过@Import导入TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector;
TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector的实现如下:
public class TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector extends AdviceModeImportSelector<EnableTransactionManagement> {
@Override
protected String[] selectImports(AdviceMode adviceMode) {
switch (adviceMode) {
case PROXY:
// 根据@EnableTransactionManagement的固定值PROXY,这里会导入AutoProxyRegistrar组件和ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration组件
return new String[] {AutoProxyRegistrar.class.getName(), ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration.class.getName()};
case ASPECTJ:
return new String[] {TransactionManagementConfigUtils.TRANSACTION_ASPECT_CONFIGURATION_CLASS_NAME};
default:
return null;
}
}
}
所以TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector又导入了组件AutoProxyRegistrar和ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration;
3. AutoProxyRegistrar分析
3.1 AutoProxyRegistrar继承关系
InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator
--AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator
--AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator
--ProxyProcessorSupport
--SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor // 跟AOP是原理是一样的
--InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor
--BeanPostProcessor
--BeanFactoryAware
3.2 AutoProxyRegistrar的所用
AutoProxyRegistrar的作用跟AOP中的AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator是一样的,利用后置处理器机制在对象创建以后,包装对象,返回一个代理对象(增强器),代理对象执行方法利用拦截器链进行调用;InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator继承SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor,跟AOP的原理是一样的,也是通过@Transactional作为方法拦截的标记,把有事务管理的类作为目标类,生成代理对象,然后增强@Transactional标记的方法,在使用目标方法的时候,从IOC容器中获取的其实是被增强的代理类,且事务方法会被代理,跟AOP原理一样的;
4. ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration分析
ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration是一个配置类,想IOC容器中导入事务增强器(BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor),事务注解@Transactional的解析器(AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource)和事务方法拦截器(TransactionInterceptor);
package org.springframework.transaction.annotation;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanDefinition;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Role;
import org.springframework.transaction.config.TransactionManagementConfigUtils;
import org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor;
import org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAttributeSource;
import org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor;
@Configuration
public class ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration extends AbstractTransactionManagementConfiguration {
@Bean(name = TransactionManagementConfigUtils.TRANSACTION_ADVISOR_BEAN_NAME)
@Role(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE)
public BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor transactionAdvisor() {
BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor advisor = new BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor();
advisor.setTransactionAttributeSource(transactionAttributeSource());
advisor.setAdvice(transactionInterceptor());
advisor.setOrder(this.enableTx.<Integer>getNumber("order"));
return advisor;
}
@Bean
@Role(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE)
public TransactionAttributeSource transactionAttributeSource() {
return new AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource();
}
@Bean
@Role(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE)
public TransactionInterceptor transactionInterceptor() {
TransactionInterceptor interceptor = new TransactionInterceptor();
interceptor.setTransactionAttributeSource(transactionAttributeSource());
if (this.txManager != null) {
interceptor.setTransactionManager(this.txManager);
}
return interceptor;
}
}
在SpringTransactionAnnotationParser中parseTransactionAnnotation方法来解析@Transactional中的各个参数,其具体代码如下:
protected TransactionAttribute parseTransactionAnnotation(AnnotationAttributes attributes) {
RuleBasedTransactionAttribute rbta = new RuleBasedTransactionAttribute();
Propagation propagation = attributes.getEnum("propagation");
rbta.setPropagationBehavior(propagation.value());
Isolation isolation = attributes.getEnum("isolation");
rbta.setIsolationLevel(isolation.value());
rbta.setTimeout(attributes.getNumber("timeout").intValue());
rbta.setReadOnly(attributes.getBoolean("readOnly"));
rbta.setQualifier(attributes.getString("value"));
ArrayList<RollbackRuleAttribute> rollBackRules = new ArrayList<RollbackRuleAttribute>();
Class<?>[] rbf = attributes.getClassArray("rollbackFor");
for (Class<?> rbRule : rbf) {
RollbackRuleAttribute rule = new RollbackRuleAttribute(rbRule);
rollBackRules.add(rule);
}
String[] rbfc = attributes.getStringArray("rollbackForClassName");
for (String rbRule : rbfc) {
RollbackRuleAttribute rule = new RollbackRuleAttribute(rbRule);
rollBackRules.add(rule);
}
Class<?>[] nrbf = attributes.getClassArray("noRollbackFor");
for (Class<?> rbRule : nrbf) {
NoRollbackRuleAttribute rule = new NoRollbackRuleAttribute(rbRule);
rollBackRules.add(rule);
}
String[] nrbfc = attributes.getStringArray("noRollbackForClassName");
for (String rbRule : nrbfc) {
NoRollbackRuleAttribute rule = new NoRollbackRuleAttribute(rbRule);
rollBackRules.add(rule);
}
rbta.getRollbackRules().addAll(rollBackRules);
return rbta;
}
spring 事务 @EnableTransactionManagement原理
@EnableXXX原理:注解上有个XXXRegistrar,或通过XXXSelector引入XXXRegistrar,XXXRegistrar实现了ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar的registerBeanDefinitions方法,给容器注册XXXCreator。
这个Creator实现了后置处理器,后置处理器在对象创建以后,包装对象,返回一个代理对象,代理对象执行方法利用拦截器链进行调用
1)、@EnableTransactionManagement
利用TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector给容器中会导入组件
导入两个组件
AutoProxyRegistrar
ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration
2)、AutoProxyRegistrar:
给容器中注册一个 InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator 组件;
利用后置处理器机制在对象创建以后,包装对象,返回一个代理对象(增强器),代理对象执行方法利用拦截器链进行调用;
3)、ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration是个@Configuration
1、给容器中注册事务增强器transactionAdvisor;
1)、事务增强器要用事务注解的信息,AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource解析事务注解
2)、事务拦截器transactionInterceptor:
TransactionInterceptor;保存了事务属性信息,事务管理器;
TransactionInterceptor是一个 MethodInterceptor;
在目标方法执行的时候;
执行拦截器链;
只有事务拦截器:
1)、先获取事务相关的属性
2)、再获取PlatformTransactionManager,如果事先没有添加指定任何transactionmanger 最终会从容器中按照类型获取一个PlatformTransactionManager;
3)、执行目标方法
如果异常,获取到事务管理器,利用事务管理回滚操作;
如果正常,利用事务管理器,提交事务
以上为个人经验,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持编程网。