一、通过ViewData传值
MVC从开始版本就一直支持使用ViewData将Controller里面的数据传递到View。ViewData定义如下:
从上面的截图中可以看出,ViewData里面存的是字典类型的数据,在查看ViewDataDictionary的定义:
注意:ViewDataDictionary继承自IDictionary等接口,所以ViewData里面的Value值类型是object的,使用的时候需要进行类型转换。
Controller代码如下:
using MVCPassValue.Models;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
namespace MVCPassValue.Controllers
{
public class ViewDataDemoController : Controller
{
// GET: ViewDataDemo
public ActionResult Index(int? id)
{
//1、将字符串传递到View
ViewData["Other"] = "通过ViewData传递字符串";
// 2
ViewData.Add(new KeyValuePair<string, object>("Id", id ?? -1));
//3
ViewData.Add("name", "tom");
//4、将集合传递到View
ViewData["Student"] = new List<Student>()
{
new Student
{
ID = 1,
Name = "唐僧",
Age = 34,
Sex = "男",
Email = "747976523@qq.com"
},
new Student
{
ID = 2,
Name = "孙悟空",
Age = 635,
Sex = "男",
Email = "sunwukong@163.com"
},
new Student
{
ID = 3,
Name = "白骨精",
Age = 4532,
Sex = "女",
Email = "74345523@qq.com"
}
};
return View();
}
}
}
View视图如下:
@using MVCPassValue.Models;
@{
ViewBag.Title = "Index";
}
@{
// 这里是使用的Razor语法,写的C#代码
var stuViewData = ViewData["Student"] as List<Student>;//ViewData的value值是object类型的,这里需要进行类型转换
var other = ViewData["Other"];
}
<div class="jumbotron">
<p>
<div style="background-color:darkgreen">
<div>
Controller通过ViewData向View传递数据
</div>
<div>
1、传递字符串 other:@other;
</div>
<div>
2、传递字符串 Id:@ViewData["Id"];
</div>
<div>
3、传递字符串 name:@ViewData["name"];
</div>
<div>
4、传递集合
@foreach (var item in stuViewData)
{
<div>
ID:@item.ID Name:@item.Name Age:@item.Age Sex:@item.Sex Email:@item.Email
</div>
}
</div>
</div>
</p>
</div>
运行结果:
二、通过ViewBag传值
ViewBag是在MVC3中出现的,ViewBag是动态(dynamic)类型的。
Controller代码:
using MVCPassValue.Models;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
namespace MVCPassValue.Controllers
{
public class ViewBagDemoController : Controller
{
// GET: ViewBagDemo
public ActionResult Index(int? id)
{
//1、将字符串传递到View
ViewData["Other"] = "通过ViewData传递字符串";
// 2
ViewData.Add(new KeyValuePair<string, object>("Id", id ?? -1));
//3
ViewData.Add("name", "tom");
//4、将集合传递到View
ViewData["Student"] = new List<Student>()
{
new Student
{
ID = 1,
Name = "唐僧",
Age = 34,
Sex = "男",
Email = "747976523@qq.com"
},
new Student
{
ID = 2,
Name = "孙悟空",
Age = 635,
Sex = "男",
Email = "sunwukong@163.com"
},
new Student
{
ID = 3,
Name = "白骨精",
Age = 4532,
Sex = "女",
Email = "74345523@qq.com"
}
};
#region 2、通过ViewBag传值
ViewBag.name = "ViewBag";
ViewBag.Stu1 = new Student()
{
ID = 5,
Name = "沙悟净",
Age = 567,
Sex = "男",
Email = "4567890345@qq.com"
};
#endregion
return View();
}
}
}
Index视图代码:
@using MVCPassValue.Models;
@{
ViewBag.Title = "Index";
}
@{
var stuViewData = ViewData["Student"] as List<Student>;//ViewData的value值是object类型的,这里需要进行类型转换
var other = ViewData["Other"];
}
@{
var name = ViewBag.name;
var stu = ViewBag.Stu1;//ViewBag是dynamic类型的,使用的时候不需要进行类型转换
var stuList = ViewBag.Student;
}
<div class="jumbotron">
<p>
<div style="background-color:darkgreen">
<div>
Controller通过ViewData向View传递数据
</div>
<div>
传递字符串 ViewData["name"]:@ViewData["name"];
</div>
</div>
</p>
<p>
<div style="background-color:crimson">
<div>
Controller通过ViewBag向View传递数据
</div>
<div>
1、传递字符串 ViewBag.name:@name;
</div>
<div>
2、输出stu
<div>
ID:@stu.ID Name:@stu.Name Age:@stu.Age Sex:@stu.Sex Email:@stu.Email
</div>
3、输出stuList
@foreach (var item in stuList)
{
<div>
ID:@item.ID Name:@item.Name Age:@item.Age Sex:@item.Sex Email:@item.Email
</div>
}
</div>
</div>
</p>
</div>
运行结果;
看了上面的运行结果,你可能会提出如下的两个疑问:
1、Controller里面没有定义ViewBag.Student,为什么在这里可以使用呢?
这是因为ViewBag是从MVC3版本才开始出现的,为了兼容以前的ViewData,所以这里虽然没有定义ViewBag.Student,但是ViewBag可以使用ViewData里面定义的Student。
2、ViewData["name"]和ViewBag.name的值是一样的
在控制器里面明明设置的两个值是不同的,但是为什么这里都变成一样的了呢?这是因为ViewData和ViewBag的属性是重叠的,两者都是字典类型的,一切以后面定义的属性为准,即后面定义的会覆盖前面定义的。
三、通过TempData传值
先来看看下面的代码:
using MVCPassValue.Models;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
namespace MVCPassValue.Controllers
{
public class TempDataDemoController : Controller
{
// GET: TempDataDemo
public ActionResult Index()
{
ViewData["Name"] = "tom";
ViewBag.Name = "Jon";
TempData["Name"] = "Andi";
TempData["Stu"] = new Student()
{
ID = 5,
Name = "沙悟净",
Age = 567,
Sex = "男",
Email = "4567890345@qq.com"
};
return View();
}
}
}
index视图代码:
@using MVCPassValue.Models;
@{
ViewBag.Title = "Index";
}
@{
var stu = TempData["Stu"] as Student;
}
<div class="jumbotron">
<p>
<div style="background-color:darkgreen">
<div>
传递字符串 ViewData["Name"]:@ViewData["Name"];
</div>
</div>
</p>
<p>
<div style="background-color:crimson">
<div>
1、传递字符串 ViewBag.Name:@ViewBag.Name;
</div>
</div>
</p>
<p>
<div style="background-color:crimson">
<div>
1、传递字符串 TempData["Name"]:@TempData["Name"];
</div>
2、输出stu
<div>
ID:@stu.ID Name:@stu.Name Age:@stu.Age Sex:@stu.Sex Email:@stu.Email
</div>
</div>
</p>
</div>
允许结果:
从上面的结果中可以看出:TempData的属性值不会覆盖上面定义的属性值。那TempData还有什么作用呢?在看下面的代码:
using MVCPassValue.Models;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
namespace MVCPassValue.Controllers
{
public class TempDataDemoController : Controller
{
// GET: TempDataDemo
public ActionResult Index(int? id)
{
ViewData["Name"] = "tom";
ViewBag.Name = "Jon";
TempData["Name"] = "Andi";
TempData["Stu"] = new Student()
{
ID = 5,
Name = "沙悟净",
Age = 567,
Sex = "男",
Email = "4567890345@qq.com"
};
if (id == null)
return RedirectToAction("TempDataTest");
else
return View();
}
public ActionResult TempDataTest()
{
return View();
}
}
}
TempDataTest视图代码:
@using MVCPassValue.Models;
@{
ViewBag.Title = "TempDataTest";
}
@{
var stu = TempData["Stu"] as Student;
}
<h2>TempDataTest</h2>
<h3>ViewData["id"]:@ViewData["Id"]</h3>
<h3>ViewData["Name"]:@ViewData["Name"]</h3>
<h3>TempData["Name"]:@TempData["Name"];</h3>
<h3>ID:@stu.ID Name:@stu.Name Age:@stu.Age Sex:@stu.Sex Email:@stu.Email</h3>
运行结果:
你会发现这时ViewData取不到数据了,只有TempData可以取到数据,可以得出TempData和ViewData、ViewBag的区别:
TempData是基于session存储的,单次请求数据不丢失(ViewData和ViewBag会丢失),后台跨页面传值,只能用一次
四、Model传值
controller代码:
using MVCPassValue.Models;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
namespace MVCPassValue.Controllers
{
public class ModelDemoController : Controller
{
// GET: ModelDemo
public ActionResult Index()
{
return View(new Student()
{
ID = 5,
Name = "沙悟净",
Age = 567,
Sex = "男",
Email = "4567890345@qq.com"
});
}
}
}
index视图代码:
@{
ViewBag.Title = "Index";
}
@Model Student;
<h2>Index</h2>
<h3>ID:@Model.ID</h3>
<h3>Name:@Model.Name</h3>
<h3>Age:@Model.Age</h3>
<h3>Sex:@Model.Sex</h3>
<h3>Email:@Model.Email</h3>
运行结果:
到此这篇关于MVC将Controller数据传递到View的文章就介绍到这了。希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持编程网。