pygame介绍
Python Pygame 是一款专门为开发和设计 2D 电子游戏而生的软件包，它支 Windows、Linux、Mac OS 等操作系统，具有良好的跨平台性。Pygame 由 Pete Shinners 于 2000 年开发而成，是一款免费、开源的的软件包，因此您可以放心地使用它来开发游戏，不用担心有任何费用产生。
Pygame 在 SDL（Simple DirectMedia Layer，使用 C语言编写的多媒体开发库） 的基础上开发而成，它提供了诸多操作模块，比如图像模块（image）、声音模块（mixer）、输入/输出（鼠标、键盘、显示屏）模块等。相比于开发 3D 游戏而言，Pygame 更擅长开发 2D 游戏，比如于飞机大战、贪吃蛇、扫雷等游戏。
安装pygame
pip install pygame
pygame常用模块
- pygame.cdrom 访问光驱
- pygame.cursors 加载光标
- pygame.display 访问显示设备
- pygame.draw 绘制形状、线和点
- pygame.event 管理事件
- pygame.font 使用字体
- pygame.image 加载和存储图片
- pygame.joystick 使用游戏手柄或者类似的东西
- pygame.key 读取键盘按键
- pygame.mixer 声音
- pygame.mouse 鼠标
- pygame.movie 播放视频
- pygame.music 播放音频
- pygame.overlay 访问高级视频叠加
- pygame.rect 管理矩形区域
- pygame.scrap 本地剪贴板访问
- pygame.sndarray 操作声音数据
- pygame.sprite 操作移动图像
- pygame.surface 管理图像和屏幕
- pygame.surfarray 管理点阵图像数据
- pygame.time 管理时间和帧信息
- pygame.transform 缩放和移动图像
pygame入门案例
import pygame
import sys
pygame.init() # 初始化pygame
size = width, height = 320, 240 # 设置窗口大小
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size) # 显示窗口
while True: # 死循环确保窗口一直显示
for event in pygame.event.get(): # 遍历所有事件
if event.type == pygame.QUIT: # 如果单击关闭窗口，则退出
sys.exit()
pygame.quit() # 退出pygame
pygame实现拼图游戏
import pygame, sys, random
from pygame.locals import *
# 一些常量
WINDOWWIDTH = 500
WINDOWHEIGHT = 500
BACKGROUNDCOLOR = (255, 255, 255)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
FPS = 40
VHNUMS = 3
CELLNUMS = VHNUMS * VHNUMS
MAXRANDTIME = 100
# 退出
def terminate():
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
# 随机生成游戏盘面
def newGameBoard():
board = []
for i in range(CELLNUMS):
board.append(i)
blackCell = CELLNUMS - 1
board[blackCell] = -1
for i in range(MAXRANDTIME):
direction = random.randint(0, 3)
if (direction == 0):
blackCell = moveLeft(board, blackCell)
elif (direction == 1):
blackCell = moveRight(board, blackCell)
elif (direction == 2):
blackCell = moveUp(board, blackCell)
elif (direction == 3):
blackCell = moveDown(board, blackCell)
return board, blackCell
# 若空白图像块不在最左边，则将空白块左边的块移动到空白块位置
def moveRight(board, blackCell):
if blackCell % VHNUMS == 0:
return blackCell
board[blackCell - 1], board[blackCell] = board[blackCell], board[blackCell - 1]
return blackCell - 1
# 若空白图像块不在最右边，则将空白块右边的块移动到空白块位置
def moveLeft(board, blackCell):
if blackCell % VHNUMS == VHNUMS - 1:
return blackCell
board[blackCell + 1], board[blackCell] = board[blackCell], board[blackCell + 1]
return blackCell + 1
# 若空白图像块不在最上边，则将空白块上边的块移动到空白块位置
def moveDown(board, blackCell):
if blackCell < VHNUMS:
return blackCell
board[blackCell - VHNUMS], board[blackCell] = board[blackCell], board[blackCell - VHNUMS]
return blackCell - VHNUMS
# 若空白图像块不在最下边，则将空白块下边的块移动到空白块位置
def moveUp(board, blackCell):
if blackCell >= CELLNUMS - VHNUMS:
return blackCell
board[blackCell + VHNUMS], board[blackCell] = board[blackCell], board[blackCell + VHNUMS]
return blackCell + VHNUMS
# 是否完成
def isFinished(board, blackCell):
for i in range(CELLNUMS - 1):
if board[i] != i:
return False
return True
# 初始化
pygame.init()
mainClock = pygame.time.Clock()
# 加载图片
gameImage = pygame.image.load('1.jpg')
gameRect = gameImage.get_rect()
# 设置窗口，窗口的宽度和高度取决于图片的宽高
windowSurface = pygame.display.set_mode((gameRect.width, gameRect.height))
pygame.display.set_caption('拼图')
cellWidth = int(gameRect.width / VHNUMS)
cellHeight = int(gameRect.height / VHNUMS)
finish = False
gameBoard, blackCell = newGameBoard()
# 游戏主循环
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == QUIT:
terminate()
if finish:
continue
if event.type == KEYDOWN:
if event.key == K_LEFT or event.key == ord('a'):
blackCell = moveLeft(gameBoard, blackCell)
if event.key == K_RIGHT or event.key == ord('d'):
blackCell = moveRight(gameBoard, blackCell)
if event.key == K_UP or event.key == ord('w'):
blackCell = moveUp(gameBoard, blackCell)
if event.key == K_DOWN or event.key == ord('s'):
blackCell = moveDown(gameBoard, blackCell)
if event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and event.button == 1:
x, y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
col = int(x / cellWidth)
row = int(y / cellHeight)
index = col + row * VHNUMS
if (
index == blackCell - 1 or index == blackCell + 1 or index == blackCell - VHNUMS or index == blackCell + VHNUMS):
gameBoard[blackCell], gameBoard[index] = gameBoard[index], gameBoard[blackCell]
blackCell = index
if (isFinished(gameBoard, blackCell)):
gameBoard[blackCell] = CELLNUMS - 1
finish = True
windowSurface.fill(BACKGROUNDCOLOR)
for i in range(CELLNUMS):
rowDst = int(i / VHNUMS)
colDst = int(i % VHNUMS)
rectDst = pygame.Rect(colDst * cellWidth, rowDst * cellHeight, cellWidth, cellHeight)
if gameBoard[i] == -1:
continue
rowArea = int(gameBoard[i] / VHNUMS)
colArea = int(gameBoard[i] % VHNUMS)
rectArea = pygame.Rect(colArea * cellWidth, rowArea * cellHeight, cellWidth, cellHeight)
windowSurface.blit(gameImage, rectDst, rectArea)
for i in range(VHNUMS + 1):
pygame.draw.line(windowSurface, BLACK, (i * cellWidth, 0), (i * cellWidth, gameRect.height))
for i in range(VHNUMS + 1):
pygame.draw.line(windowSurface, BLACK, (0, i * cellHeight), (gameRect.width, i * cellHeight))
pygame.display.update()
mainClock.tick(FPS)总结
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