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Problem G: 求图形的面积和体积
Time Limit: 1 Sec
Memory Limit: 128 MB
Submit: 3350
Solved: 2062
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Description
根据不同的图形,求面积或体积输出。圆周率取3.14。
main()函数中使用多态的思想,用派生树上最早祖先类Graphic的指针创建和访问其孩子类的对象。
图形(Graphic类)分作平面图形(Shape类)和立体图形(Solid类)两种。
正方形(Square类)是一种平面图形,圆形(Circle)也是。
球体(Ball类)是一种立体图形,也是圆形的扩充。
立方体(Cube类)是一种立体图形,也是正方形的扩充。
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你设计一系列类,满足上述派生树的要求,使得main()函数能够正确运行。
函数调用格式见append.cc。
append.cc中已给出main()函数。
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Input
输入的第一个整数n(n<100),表示有n组测试数据。每组测试数据由两部分组成:一是图形的类型,有“square”、“cube”、“ball”、“circle”四种,分别表示正方形、立方体、球体、圆形;二是这种图形的边长或者半径,用double类型存储。
Output
每组测试数据给出一行输出。
对应这四种不同的图形,分别产生四种输出:
正方形输出:“Square, side:x, area:y.”,x为输入的边长,y为面积。
立方体输出:“Cube, side:x, area:y, volume:z.”,x为输入的边长,y为表面积,z为体积。
球体输出:“Ball, radius:x, area:y, volume:z.”,x为输入的半径,y为表面积,z为体积。
圆形输出:“Circle, radius:x, area:y.”,x为输入的半径,y为面积。
Sample Input
6square 3cube 3ball 4circle 4cube 2circle 1
Sample Output
Square, side:3, area:9.Cube, side:3, area:54, volume:27.Ball, radius:4, area:200.96, volume:200.96.Circle, radius:4, area:50.24.Cube, side:2, area:24, volume:8.Circle, radius:1, area:3.14.
HINT
Append Code
append.cc,
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GPL2.0 2003-2011 HUSTOJ Project TEAM
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#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Graphic
{
public:
virtual void show() const = 0;
public:
Graphic() { }
};
class Shape :virtual public Graphic
{
public:
void show()const { }
public:
Shape() { }
};
class Square :virtual public Shape
{
public:
void show() const { cout << "Square, side:" << side << ", area:" << side * side << "." << endl; }
public:
Square(double s) : side(s) { }
protected:
double side;
};
class Circle :virtual public Shape
{
public:
void show() const { cout << "Circle, radius:" << radius << ", area:" << radius * radius * 3.14 << "." << endl; }
public:
Circle(double r) : radius(r) { }
protected:
double radius;
};
class Solid :virtual public Graphic
{
public:
void show()const { }
public:
Solid() { }
};
class Ball :public Solid, public Circle
{
public:
void show() const { cout << "Ball, radius:" << radius << ", area:" << radius * radius * 3.14 * 4<< ", volume:" << 4 / 3 *radius * radius * radius * 3.14 << "." << endl; }
public:
Ball(double r) : Circle(r) { }
};
class Cube : public Solid, public Square
{
public:
void show() const { cout << "Cube, side:" << side << ", area:" << side * side * 6<< ", volume:" << side * side * side << "." << endl; }
public:
Cube(double s) : Square(s) { }
};
int main()
{
Graphic *gp[100];
int cases;
cin>>cases;
for(int i = 0; i < cases; ++i)
{
string types;
double value;
cin>>types>>value;
if(types == "square")
gp[i] = new Square(value);
if(types == "cube")
gp[i] = new Cube(value);
if(types == "ball")
gp[i] = new Ball(value);
if(types == "circle")
gp[i] = new Circle(value);
}
for(int i = 0; i < cases; ++i)
{
gp[i]->show();
delete gp[i];
}
}